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Biomedical subjects

E Spratt

Publications and source records attributed to E Spratt.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

A fatality due to accidental PineSol ingestion.

The case history and toxicological findings of a fatal PineSol intoxication are presented. An 89-year-old white female with Alzheimer's disease accidentally drank PineSol and was subsequently brought to the hospital where she was pronounced dead on arrival. Significant autopsy findings included acute erosive gastritis. There appeared to be no aspiration of PineSol into the lungs. Isopropanol along with 1-alpha-terpineol are the two major toxic ingredients of PineSol. The toxicological screening and quantitiation of 1-alpha-terpineol in postmortem fluids was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using a simple one-step extraction. Postmortem blood, urine, and gastric levels of 1-alpha-terpineol were 11.2 mg/L, 5.76 mg/L, and 15.3 g/L, respectively. Postmortem blood, vitreous humor, urine, and gastric acetone concentrations were 25, 31, 33, and 28 mg/dL. Postmortem concentrations of isopropanol were less than 10 mg/dL in the blood, vitreous humor, urine, and gastric contents. The cause of death was ruled acute 1-alpha-terpineol intoxication due to accidental ingestion of PineSol, presumably caused by confusion related to Alzheimer's disease.

2-Propanol↗
PubMed1999

A fatality related to the veterinary anesthetic telazol.

A 45-year-old male veterinarian was found dead in bed. Police investigation showed no evidence of trauma or other suspicious circumstances. Autopsy was unremarkable except for cardiomegaly and hepatosplenomegaly. Toxicological analysis revealed the presence of Telazol and ketamine. Telazol is a veterinary anesthetic agent that is composed of equal parts of tiletamine and zolazepam. Tiletamine is a disassociative anesthetic similar to ketamine and phencyclidine, and zolazepam is a diazepine derivative tranquilizer used to minimize the muscle hypertonicity and seizures associated with tiletamine. Quantitation of tiletamine and zolazepam was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode following a solid-phase extraction. Postmortem blood, urine, and liver concentrations of tiletamine were 295 ng/mL, 682 ng/mL, and 196 ng/g, respectively, whereas postmortem concentrations of zolazepam for the same tissues were 1.71 microg/mL, 1.33 microg/mL, and 15.5 microg/g, respectively. Blood and urine ketamine levels were 37 ng/mL and 381 ng/mL, respectively. The cause of death was ruled an acute mixed drug intoxication of tiletamine, zolazepam, and ketamine with the manner of death ruled as unclassified.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1998

Children with both developmental and behavioral needs: profile of two clinic populations.

Little has been written about evaluation and intervention services for children with a combination of behavioral and developmental needs. Two multidisciplinary clinic populations were compared, a traditional Developmental Disabilities (DD) clinic and a Behavioral-Developmental Problems (BDP) Clinic that had the additional services of a child psychiatrist. The BDP clinic children had lower IQ's and more severe overall behavioral problems than children in the traditional DD clinic, but differences were not statistically significant. Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and other psychiatric diagnoses were referred to both clinics at comparable rates. The effort to involve qualified mental health professionals in all aspects of professional training and clinical service for the DD population should be accelerated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

LC/MS with a particle beam interface in forensic toxicology.

Many instruments are used in forensic toxicology to screen biologic samples for drugs and other compounds. Many of these screening instruments (and others) are used to confirm positive screening tests. The focus of this article is the use of a high pressure liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer (HPLC/MS) for screening forensic postmortem and human performance DWI cases. This screening procedure involves an HPLC with a particle beam interfaced to a mass spectrometer detector and a photodiode array detector. Drugs such as the antidepressants, drugs of abuse, over-the-counter cold and pain preparations, anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines, and some medications that are not available in the United States are selected at therapeutic and subtherapeutic levels. Limits of detection and extraction efficiencies are presented for many compounds. Several cases are discussed showing different drug combinations.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1991

Normally saprobic cryptococci isolated from Cryptococcus neoformans infections.

We report two cases in which Cryptococcus laurentii was isolated from surgically resected pulmonary lesions but the cryptococcal cells is tissue reacted positively with a specific fluorescent antibody (FA) conjugate for Cryptococcus neoformans. Both patients had no apparent host defense defects. In both cases, multiple cryptococcal isolates were obtained from tissue, and yeastlike cells consistent with C. neoformans were seen in direct histology. The isolates were identified by assimilation patterns and standard procedures including phenoloxidase reactions. Since C. laurentii was consistently isolated by using stringent procedures, it was considered unlikely that the fungus represented surgical or laboratory contamination. Its presence may be the result of dual infection not detected by FA, but other possible explanations exist. The results show the value of the FA test in diagnostic mycology and call into question previous reports of cryptococci other than C. neoformans as agents of infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Closure of chronic postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula using the transsternal transpericardial approach.

Thirteen patients with postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula occurring 4 months to 10 years after the initial operation have been treated with a transsternal transpericardial approach after the associated empyema had been treated by either tube thoracostomy or open-window thoracostomy. In 10 patients, there were contraindications to using an ipsilateral transthoracic approach. In 10 of the 13 patients, the procedure was successful. Three fistulas recurred; two were quite small, one of them closing spontaneously within 6 months. There were no deaths or clinically significant morbidity related to the transsternal approach. We have found this technique to be most applicable in those patients in whom other procedures have failed to resolve the problem. The technique is relatively simple and safe.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bulimia and dextromethorphan abuse. A case study.

The comorbidity of bulimia and substance abuse is significant. The substance that is abused may vary and the abuse potential for nonillicit substances may be overlooked. This paper presents the first case reported of dextromethorphan abuse and bulimia. It demonstrates the complexity of assessment and treatment of bulimia and substance abuse of over-the-counter medications.

Adolescent↗