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Biomedical subjects

E Strandman

Publications and source records attributed to E Strandman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Motor neuron disease and dementia reported among 13 members of a single family.

All 49 members of four generations of a family were identified. In the first three generations eight members were afflicted with dementia, whereas in the fourth generation only one was demented but three of four were afflicted with motor neuron disease and they also had slight cognitive deficiencies. The pattern of heredity is compatible with dominant autosomal inheritance. Neuropsychological testing revealed affection mostly of the frontal lobes. A pedigree and six case reports are presented.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

On the clinical deformation of maxillary complete dentures. Influence of denture-base design and shape of denture-bearing tissue.

This paper aimed to study the influence of denture base design and the shape of the denture-supporting area on the functional deformation of maxillary complete dentures. Six strain-gauged duplicate maxillary dentures were made for the study of two test subjects with different shapes of the palatal vault. Each subject was supplied with two polymethyl methacrylate dentures, one with a 1-mm-thick palatal base and the other 2 mm thick. A third denture was constructed with a cobalt-chromium base. The functional loading tests included maximum biting and the chewing of the food test samples. An analysis based on chewing time and total number of chewing cycles per test piece was also made. The results showed that surface straining is highly complex at the anterior part of the maxillary dentures constructed from polymethyl methacrylate and that increasing the denture thickness per se might not be accompanied by a reduction of strain. The results also suggest that high thrust to the supporting tissue is produced with high palatal vault dentures made in polymethyl methacrylate. The study proposes that cobalt-chromium bases may be used in maxillary dentures to reduce functional deformation and thrust to the supporting tissues at the anterior part of the maxilla.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Symptoms of classic migraine attacks: modifications brought about by metoprolol.

There is little information available concerning whether, and to what extent, migraine-prophylactic agents interfere with the symptoms of migraine attacks. The present study is a placebo-controlled, double-blind study concerning metoprolol in classic migraine. The data refer to the symptoms of single migraine attacks. During metoprolol treatment more attacks were characterized as mild (p = 0.002), and mean global rating (an integrated estimate of headache intensity and of other discomfort) was lower (4.2 versus 5.2, p = 0.003). The mean headache intensity per attack (1.97 versus 2.15) and the mean duration (5.5 versus 6.8 h) were not significantly different. Consumption of analgesics per attack was lower during metoprolol treatment (0.6 versus 1.1; p = 0.02). Attacks with associated symptoms accompanying the headache were fewer during metoprolol treatment (p = 0.014). Total visual and non-visual aura symptoms occurred with similar frequency, but scintillations and paraesthesia were more frequent during metoprolol treatment, whereas speech disturbances were less frequent. In spite of lower consumption of analgesics, the symptoms appeared milder during metoprolol than during placebo. The pattern of changes indicates that metoprolol exerts its action via the sympathetic nervous system; peripheral vasoconstriction is hardly the underlying mechanism of action.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Psychogenic needs in depression.

Thirty-eight depressed in- and outpatients at the Department of Psychiatry, Umeå University, were asked to complete a CMPS form concerning their psychogenic needs. The depression depth of these patients was then rated by a doctor who utilized selected items from the CPRS scale. The 38 patients were matched according to age and sex with 38 former depressed patients who had been investigated after recovery from a depressive syndrome to establish whether there is any correlation between psychogenic needs and severity of a depressive disorder and to determine whether these psychogenic needs depend on depression or are a more stable part of an individual's personality.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1979

HL-A antigens and the response to prophylactic lithium.

82 consecutive patients checked at the out-patient clinic of the Psychiatric Department of the Umeå University were typed for HL-A antigens. The patients belonged to the diagnostic subgroups: bipolar (manic-depressive) psychosis (n = 33), unipolar recurrent depressive psychosis (n = 29) and cycloid psychosis (n = 20) and all had been on lithium treatment for at least 6 months. By comparing the group of those who did not relapse on lithium therapy (n = 48) with the group of those who did relapse (n = 34) there was a significantly higher frequency of the HL-A A3 antigens among those who did relapse, and none of those who did not relapse were found to have the HL-A B18 antigens. The results suggest a possible interference between HL-A antigens and response to lithium treatment. However, a large number of antigens were tested and a small number of patients.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1978

No association of red cell adenylate kinase phenotypes with affective disorders.

Red cell adenylate kinase (AK) phenotypes were studies in 195 patients with affective disorders (41 with the bipolar and 81 with the unipolar form of the disease) and 418 controls. No significant differences were found between patients and controls and between patients with different types of affective disorders. Thus the previous observation by Rundle et al. (1977) showing an increased frequency of the AK2 allele in the unipolar group was not confirmed.

Adenylate Kinase↗
PubMed1978

"Psychogenic needs" in patients with affective disorders.

To investigate the occurrence of different psychogenic needs or groups of needs, 118 consecutive out-patients with previous depressive disorders were asked to complete the Cesarec and Marke Personality Inventory; 103 completed it. Strict diagnostic criteria were used in subgrouping the series which thus consisted of unipolar depressive psychosis (UP), 26 patients; bipolar depressive psychosis (BP), 16; unclassified depression (NUD), 8; and reactio neurotico-depressive (RND), 15. BP distinguished themselves from the other groups by a tendency to have a reduced need of approval, dependency, guilt feelings and ego conflicts and a stronger wish to dominate and lead. These results are in line with earlier findings. The NUD group was small but tended to have extreme scores, i.e. a particularly weak need to dominate and to be in the centre but also to be cared for.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1978

Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase in affective disorders.

Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity was tested in 160 psychiatric patients suffering from affective disorders. The patients were divided into subgroups according to strict diagnostic criteria and clinical state at the time of the examination. Since no relationship was found between DBH activity and age or sex, these variables have been discarded from further analyses. Bipolar (manic-depressive) patients had lower (p less than 0.05) BDH mean values than patients suffering from unipolar, recurrent depressive psychoses. No other differences were found either among group or in relation to the clinical state. As such a wide range of DBH values was recorded in all the groups examined, measurements of DBH activity do not seem to be useful as a diagnostic acid, or as an indicator of the clinical state of patients suffering from affective disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Genetic markers in cycloid psychosis.

Frequencies of HLA antigens, blood groups, serum groups and red cell enzyme types in patients with cycloid psychosis were compared with those in patients with bipolar psychosis and in normal controls. Patients with cycloid psychosis showed (1) an increased frequency of the Rh-negative type compared to controls, (2) an increased frequency of the K(+) phenotype compared to both bipolar patients and controls, and (3) an increased frequency of the serum group Gc2--1.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1978

Serum protein and red cell enzyme polymorphisms in affective disorders.

Frequencies of serum groups (Hp and Gc) and red cell enzyme types (PGM1, 6-PGD and ES D) were studied in 195 patients with affective disorders. The patients were classified into four groups: (1) bipolar (manic-depressive) psychosis; (2) unipolar, recurrent, depressive psychosis; (3) non-psychotic reactive depression, and (4) unclassifiable. The Hp2 gene was increased in reactive and unclassifiable patients, the PGM1 1 gene was increased in bipolar patients and the ES D1 gene in reactive patients. No associations were found between affective disorders and the Gc and 6-PGD systems.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1978

Blood groups and affective disorders.

Frequencies of ABO, Rh, MNSs, P, Kell, Lewis and Duffy blood groups were studied in a total of 219 patients with affective disorders. The patients were classified into four groups: (1) bipolar (manic-depressive) psychosis; (2) unipolar recurrent depressive psychosis; (3) nonpsychotic 'reactive' depression, and (4) 'unclassifiable'. The following statistically significant results were found: an increased frequency of the blood group factor B among psychotic (bipolar and unipolar) patients compared to nonpsychotic patients, a decreased frequency of the SS phenotype in the unclassifiable group and an increased frequency of the K(+) phenotype among the nonpsychotic patients. Previous results concerning differences between bipolar and unipolar patients with respect to the A and O blood types were not confirmed in this investigation.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1978

HLA antigens and affective disorders.

A total of 168 patients with different types of affective disorders were examined with respect to their HLA antigens. The frequency of the A10 antigen was found to be increased in the patients particularly in those with the unipolar type of disease. The frequency of the A1 antigen was decreased among unipolar patients. A decreased frequency of the B7 antigen was found in the total material of patients, and in particular in those with a bipolar type of disease. Our results were in disagreement with findings by other investigators. So far there is no conclusive evidence for association between any HLA antigen and affective disorders.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1978

A comparison between "Cronholm-Ottosson depression rating scale" and variables concerned with depressive symptomatology in "the comprehensive psychopathological rating scale--CPRS".

In a study concerning 40 patients with depressive disorders the Cronholm-Ottosson depression rating scale and items concerning symptomatology from the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale--CPRS were compared. The total scores scales showed a rather satisfactory correlation (rs - 0,77). When patients were divided into two groups with depressive syndromes of a psychotic and non-psychotic dimension respectively the total scores of the items from CPRS from CPRS differed significantly for the groups while the total scores for the Cronholm-Ottosson depression rating scale showed a less pronounced, statistically non-significant difference between the groups, probably reflecting a reduced validity for the latter scale.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Diurnal variations in intensity of symptoms in patients of different diagnostic groups.

Consecutive patients, regardless of diagnostic group, upon admission to the Department of Psychiatry, University of Umea, were asked to fill in a special form about diurnal variation in their symptomatology and sleep disturbances. Three trained psychiatrists separately reviewed the records and completed a second form comprising information about diagnosis and certain background factors. Among the background factors only age and ongoing antidepressive medication were found to be of importance. In the study no strong consistency in the symptom complex of early awakening, experience of symptomatology as worst in the morning, and a feeling of relief in the afternoon was found. However, the experience of symptomatology as a whole, anxiety and inhibition as being worst in the morning is significantly more common in patients with unipolar and bipolar affective disorders but is also common in all diagnostic subgroups and seems in no way to be specific for depressive disorders. Furthermore, the phenomenon of diurnal variation of symptomatology was not found to be of diagnostic help and should be employed very cautiously as a basis in pathogenic consideration.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Prophylactic lithium and personality variables. An international collaborative study.

61 patients - 28 suffering from bipolar, and 33 from unipolar psychotic affective disorders - completed two personality inventories, one before and one about 6 months after starting lithium treatment to prevent relapses. On the basis of empirical observations it had been assumed that personality characteristics would change more in bipolar than in unipolar patients and that these changes would concern mainly those personality characteristics which reflect sociability and impulsivity. The inventories used were the EPI and the MNT. The results were in agreement with the predictions. Moreover, a significant decrease in N-scores was found both in bipolar and unipolar patients. It is assumed that these changes reflect both the therapeutic effect of lithium and an effect upon the personality characteristics of patients who suffer from bipolar or unipolar affective disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The influence of carbon content on the mechanical properties in a cast dental Co-Cr alloy.

By varying the amount of acetylen in acetylene-oxygen flames Co-Cr test pieces with a varying carbon content were produced. The hardness, yield point for 0.05 per cent, 0.1 per cent and 0.2 per cent tensile strength and elongation were determined for these test-pieces. The results showed that hardness, yield points and tensile strength increased with increased carbon content, whereas the elongation lessened. The clinical importance of the altered mechanical properties due to increased carbon content in the Co-Cr alloy under study was discussed.

Carbon↗