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Biomedical subjects

E T Mellerup

Publications and source records attributed to E T Mellerup.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Lithium treatment regimens induce different changes in [3H]paroxetine binding protein and other rat brain proteins.

Rats were treated with lithium administered either via the food or by intraperitoneal injection. Lithium administration via the food results in a rather stable serum lithium concentration, whereas lithium injection results in a varying serum lithium concentration whereby a sharp increase shortly after the injection is followed by an exponential decline until the next injection (Plenge et al. 1981). After 5 months of lithium treatment the 5HT transport protein, the beta-adrenergic receptor and several other brain proteins were determined. The 5HT transport protein, labelled with [3H]paroxetine, was found to be decreased in the lithium-injected rats (Bmax = 347 fmol/mg protein) but was unchanged in the lithium-fed rats (Bmax = 389 fmol/mg protein), as compared with control rats (Bmax = 396 fmol/mg protein), and therefore probably is a specific effect only seen with varying lithium concentration. In contrast, the neuronal membrane marker protein D3 was decreased in the lithium-fed rats (88% of the control value), and showed a trend towards decrease in the lithium-injected rats. The decrease in D3 in the lithium-fed rats may indicate some neuronal damage due to the continuous presence of lithium. This damage may be more pronounced than in rats, where periods of low lithium concentration enable repair to take place. The beta-adrenergic receptor and the neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM were unaffected by the different lithium treatment regimens. Lithium has been reported to inhibit the 5HT1B receptor (the serotonin autoreceptor).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Platelet paroxetine binding in alcoholics.

Platelet paroxetine binding was analysed in 24 abstinent alcoholics and 18 control persons. The alcoholics had significantly more binding sites than the control persons. Most of the alcoholics showed affective symptoms and the increased platelet paroxetine binding was predominantly observed among those who had the lowest Newcastle score, indicating the presence of non-endogenous depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Lithium effects on time estimation and mood in manic-melancholic patients. A study of diurnal variations.

Behavioural measurements of time experience and phenomenological self-ratings of mood-variations (Beecher's Mood Scale) have been carried out at night and on the following morning in a group of lithium-treated patients, in a group of psychiatric patients not given lithium, and in an untreated group of healthy subjects. In all the groups investigated the internal "clock" was slower in the morning than in the night. The results indicated that the internal "clock" in lithium-treated patients was slower than in the two other groups, but only at night. Mood variations from night ot morning were observed in all three groups. The group of lithium-treated patients had fewer complaints as to self-report of mood-variations compared with the other groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Lithium effects: relation to lithium dose and to plasma peak levels.

In a 24-hour study, plasma peak lithium was determined in manic-melancholic patients who routinely had their entire lithium dose at night. A correlation analysis was undertaken of the relation of plasma peak level and the dose of lithium to a number of lithium induced changes: Increase in urine volume, weight gain, decrease in plasm phosphate, increase in plasma magnesium, decrease in plasma urea, increase in plasma alkaline phosphatase, increase in urinary pH. Only the changes in plasma phosphate and in urine pH were significantly correlated to the peak value of plasma lithium. The increase in urine volume was significantly correlated to the dose of lithium.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Lithium effect on temperature rhythm in psychiatric patients.

The diurnal rhythm of oral temperature was studied in 55 lithium treated patients, 51 other psychiatric patients, and 58 healthy subjects. The lithium treated patients had a higher temperature than the normal controls during the 24-hour period and their temperature maximum was shifted towards an earlier time. When the lithium intake was postponed for 12 hours, temperature temporarily decreased to control values, but returned to the higher level after the lithium dose. The temperature results are discussed in relation to lithium induced changes in electrolyte metabolism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Lithium effects on serum calcium, magnesium and phosphate, in rats.

LiCl was injected daily to rats in a dose of 3 mmol/kg. The rats were, in different experiments, unoperated rats, parathyroidectomized rats and thyroparathyroidectomized rats. Serum concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate were measured 2 h after a lithium injection. Serum calcium was unaffected by lithium in unoperated and parathyroidectomized rats. In thyroparathyroidectomized rats lithium increased the serum calcium concentration. Serum magnesium was increased by lithium in all 3 groups of rats. Serum phosphate was slightly decreased by lithium in all 3 groups of rats. It is concluded that lithium increases both serum calcium and magnesium, but in the intact organism only a slight or no increase in serum calcium is seem after lithium due to physiological control mechanisms. After removal of the calcitonin producing C-cells in the thyroid gland the organism is unable to produce a fast decrease in serum calcium, and lithium is then able to increase the serum calcium concentration.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Lithium in the living organism. Is an integrated hypothesis feasible?

1. The effects of lithium on electrolyte metabolism can be demonstrated in man in acute as well as in long-term lithium treatment. No other lithium effects have been reproducible to a similar extent. 2. It seems feasible to integrate these lithium effects with effects on biogenic amines to form an integral hypothesis for lithium action in manic-melancholic man. 3. The results are consistent with one of the following two hypotheses: a) that lithium acts by membrane stabilization and/or b) that lithium acts by interplay with magnesium on one or more enzymes. 4. The above findings and hypotheses direct our attention to membrane dysfunction as the basic defect in manic-melancholic states. This may find support in our preliminary findings of special HL-A profiles in unipolar and bipolar manic-melancholic patients. 5. A four-type-pump-defect model to account for the various clinical types of affective disorders is proposed.

Affective Symptoms↗
PubMed1976

Lithium effects on diurnal rhythm of calcium, magnesium, and phosphate metabolism in manic-melancholic disorder.

The diurnal rhythm of plasma phosphate, calcium, and magnesium was studied in 34 lithium treated patients, in 42 other psychiatric patients, and in 47 healthy persons. Seventeen blood samples were drawn from each person during the 24-hour period. Lithium was given at 10 p.m. and in the next few hours plasma phosphate decreased compared with the two control groups. In the same period plasma calcium showed a temporary increase, whereas plasma magnesium was increased during the whole 24-hour period. The lithium treated patients had a reduced urinary calcium excretion during the night, and an increased urinary magnesium excretion during the day, whereas no changes were found in urinary phosphate excretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Lithium effects on magnesium, calcium, and phosphate metabolism in rats.

Rats were treated with lithium chloride for 8 weeks. At the last day of lithium administration, the animals were given radioactive calcium, magnesium, and phosphate. Electrolyte content and radioactivity were determined in serum, bone, muscle, liver and brain. Lithium led to an increase of inorganic phosphate in muscle and a decrease in serum. Uptake of radioactive phosphate was increased in muscle and liver but reduced in bone. The amount of magnesium in muscle and serum was increased in the lithium-treated rats, whereas the uptake of radioactive magnesium into bone was decreased. Uptake of radioactive calcium into bone was reduced, and radioactive calcium in serum was increased after lithium.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Lithium research: does it lead to an integrative hypothesis for the manic-melancholic disorders?

1. The effects of lithium on electrolyte metabolism can be demonstrated in man in acute as well as in long-term lithium treatment. 2. It seems feasible to integrate these lithium effects with effects on biogenic amines to form an integral hypothesis for lithium action in manic-malancholic man. 3. The results are consistent with one of the following two hypotheses: a) that lithium acts by membrane stabilization and/or b) that lithium acts by interplay with magnesium or one or more enzymes. 4. The above findings and hypotheses direct attention to membrane dyfunction as the basic defect in manic-melancholic states. This may find support in preliminary findings of special HL-A profiles in unipolar and bioplar manic-melancholic patentis. 5. A four-type pump-defect model may theoretically account for the various clinical types of affective disorders.

Biological Transport, Active↗