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Biomedical subjects

E T Robinson

Publications and source records attributed to E T Robinson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Cross training of hospital pharmacy technicians.

Cross training is a job design method that can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of a hospital pharmacy department. Although employee satisfaction is often improved, some employees may fear that cross training makes them expendable. Good communication and employee participation are keys to successful implementation of a cross-training program. Methods of implementing cross-training programs and avoiding potential pitfalls are also described.

Communication↗
PubMed1985

Rubella: immunity and vaccination in schoolgirls.

Of 191 schoolgirls, 128 volunteered to take part in a feasibility study of serotesting before and after rubella vaccination, and all responded to RA 27/3 vaccine. Had the serum samples been taken by a fingerprick method the number of volunteers would probably have increased considerably. A change in policy for rubella vaccination to testing both before and after vaccination would cost no more than the existing policy, would ensure primary response, and would differentiate those women who were protected by the vaccine from those with antibody to wild virus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Fetal damage after accidental polio vaccination of an immune mother.

Irreparable damage to the anterior horn cells of the cervical and thoracic cord was found in a 20-week-old fetus whose mother was immune to poliomyelitis before conceiving but who was inadvertently given oral polio vaccine at 18 weeks gestation. Polio neutralizing antibody titres in sera, taken before and after pregnancy, were identical and were at levels normally regarded as providing protection. Unsuccessful attempts were made to isolate poliovirus from extracts of fetal brain, lung, liver and placenta. Fluorescent antibody tests were performed on various levels of the central nervous system and on the left and right extensor forearm muscles. Specific positive fluorescence to poliovirus 2 and 3 antigens was detected at dorsal spinal cord level only. One positive result was seen with Coxsackie A9 antiserum and fresh guinea-pig complement in the inflammatory cells in the right extensor forearm muscles.This experience, as yet unexplained, underlines the importance of ensuring that women are not pregnant prior to oral polio vaccination.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of rubella vaccination programme in schools on rubella immunity in a general practice population.

Between November 1979 and January 1980 all patients aged 13-21 years who attended a general practice in Glasgow were tested for their immunity against rubella (single radial haemolysis test). All of the women in the sample should have been vaccinated at 13 as part of the rubella vaccination programme, which began in Glasgow in 1971. The programme excludes boys. Of the 77 females and 64 male patients studied, nine (11.7%) and 10 (15.6%), respectively, were susceptible to the infection. For only 34 women was evidence of vaccination documented in the practice records, and three of those either had failed to seroconvert or had antibody below detectable values. Overall there was no significant differences between the proportion of men and women who were susceptible to the disease. The rubella vaccination programme had clearly failed to reduce the number of susceptible women in this practice. Hence the immune state of all girls should be checked at about 15 years of age, so that as many as possible may be rendered immune before they leave school.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Early diagnosis of pregnancy in general practice.

The value of the signs and symptoms of pregnancy and of the pregnancy diagnostic test as predictors of pregnancy was estimated for 1,592 women seen in general practice. The presence of a sign or symptom alone is a poor pointer to a diagnosis of pregnancy. The combination of pairs of features improves the value, the best being breast signs combined with either the presence of signs of pregnancy on vaginal examination or a palpable fundus, both giving predictive values of 0.89. The pregnancy diagnostic test alone, however, had a predictive value of 0.91, a value of 1.00 indicating 100 per cent reliability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Depression in rheumatoid arthritis.

We have examined 144 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and found a high prevalence of depression, which has not previously been reported.It is probable that good practitioners who see patients at home acquire a better understanding of the social and psychological aspects of such an illness. The presence of depression was statistically significant when associated with the articular index, the degree of functional impairment, and with dependence on others, but not with many other medical and social factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The diagnosis of pregnancy in general practice.

In 1,631 pregnancies presenting to general practitioners, the reliability of three proprietary slide tests for the diagnosis of pregnancy was assessed both against the outcome and against the results of hospital tests done at the same time. When all patients were considered the reliability of such tests done in the surgery was 85 per cent against a 90 per cent for hospital tests and when only patients who were more than 42 days pregnant were included, the accuracy figure rose to 87 per cent in general practice and 91 per cent in hospital.The time delay before the results of the hospital test was assessed showed a mean of three days which is considered unacceptable if there are urgent clinical reasons for the test being done. The doctors participating listed their reasons for doing tests and in 54 per cent of cases urgent confirmation or otherwise of the pregnancy was considered essential by either doctor or patient. In the remaining 46 per cent this confirmation was considered simply helpful rather than essential. The study showed that the accuracy of the test, when delegated to a nurse, was acceptable and that in a proportion of three to one the participating doctors considered that the test was of value and worthwhile in patient care.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1974

Health centre x-ray unit.

An analysis of the types and numbers of x-ray films requested in the first year of a health centre x-ray unit showed that chest films represented the largest proportion of these. The unit is most valuable when it is inmediately available to the patient and general practitioner at the time of consultation, and thus it should be open for at least five sessions per week. The likely referral rate for the health centre x-ray unit is 84 patients per 1,000 at risk, and a unit functioning for five sessions a week can examine 60 patients during that time. This minimum of five sessions would be fully used by a population of 30,000 patients. The running costs were found to be about the same as those of a hospital x-ray unit.

Community Health Services↗