PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E Tate

Publications and source records attributed to E Tate.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Neuropharmacology of progressive myoclonus epilepsy: response to 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan.

Low concentrations of the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) suggest hypofunctional serotonergic neurotransmission. To study this hypothesis, we enrolled 6 patients with PME [Unverricht-Lündborg disease (U-L), mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, or Lafora disease] in a controlled, double-blinded, dose-ranging, cross-over add-on pilot clinical trial of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (L-5-HTP) plus carbidopa after 2 other patients had received open-label L-5-HTP for compassionate use. Prestudy CSF 5-HIAA concentrations were low (< 20 ng/ml) in 6 patients regardless of the etiology of PME. One patient with U-L disease showed clinical improvement and a fivefold increase in CSF 5-HIAA, and 1 with Lafora disease showed a twofold increase in CSF 5-HIAA without improvement. A patient with Lafora disease reported enough improvement in myoclonus-evoked convulsions to continue chronic use of the drug. One patient with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy developed status epilepticus during treatment with L-5-HTP. As a group, patients had no statistically significant changes in myoclonus evaluation scale scores, subjective and objective measures of ataxia, seizure frequency, antiepileptic drug (AED) levels, or routine blood tests. These data suggest a serotonergic abnormality regardless of the underlying etiology of PME, but one that seldom responds to acute treatment with L-5-HTP.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1993

The clinical challenge of progressive myoclonus epilepsy.

Health care providers who care for patients with seizure disorders should be able to recognize progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Progressive myoclonus epilepsy is a syndrome confused with myoclonic seizures and other epilepsies. The main symptom is myoclonus, a brief involuntary muscle jerk of varying intensity that can throw a patient against a wall or to the ground. This article describes major types of progressive myoclonus epilepsy, a typical case presentation and two clinical drug trials available for these patients. The focus of clinical drug trials is to identify a drug that controls the myoclonus and improves the quality of life for the affected individual. There is no cure for patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan and piracetam are two drugs available through clinical-research protocols to patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1993

Cortical tremor. A common manifestation of cortical myoclonus.

Ten patients, three with postural tremor and seven with action myoclonus, had stereotyped involuntary rhythmic movements when attempting to execute a sustained isometric muscle contraction. The movements were characterized by rhythmic EMG bursts lasting less than 50 msec and appearing synchronously in agonist and antagonist muscles at a rate of 9 to 18 Hz. Backaveraging of the EEG activity related to the onset of the rhythmic EMG bursts identified a cortical potential preceding the EMG bursts in all patients. These symptoms and signs fit the description of "cortical tremor," a variant of cortical reflex myoclonus. Cortical tremor is common in patients with cortical myoclonus and may be a source of functional disability. In two patients in whom we studied the effects of graded levels of isometric force, force recruitment modulated the abnormal EMG bursting frequency, amplitude, and spatial distribution of the myoclonic jerks in the activated limb. Transcranial magnetic and electrical stimulation, but not peripheral nerve stimulation, influenced the abnormal EMG bursting pattern, implying a greater dependence of this rhythmic phenomenon on a central generator than on peripheral feedback loops.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Beta-endorphin and lipopolysaccharide interactions with human neutrophils.

The binding of the Escherichia coli peptide, N-formyl methionyl leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP), to human neutrophils was found to be reduced by E coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This reduction is reversed by human β-endorphin 1-31. β-Endorphin (BE) also increased the binding of FMLP in the absence of LPS. Structural analogs of BE, namely BE 1-27 and N-acetyl BE 1-31, were equal to BE in potency. BE 6-31, however, was less potent than BE. These effects may be mediated by a neutrophil binding site for BE, which was found to have a K(D) of 4.1 × 10(7) and 315,930 sites per cell. These findings provide an explanation for the authors' previous observation that BE enhances the chemotaxis of neutrophils toward FMLP. Furthermore, these data suggest that there may be a role for BE in the modulation of neutrophilic function in the septic state.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1985

Naloxone inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils.

Using the superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c assay, we studied, the effect of (-) naloxone on N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) stimulated superoxide (O2-) release from human neutrophils. Neutrophils were pre-incubated with the range of concentrations of (-) naloxone that is administered in models of experimental sepsis (10(-6) - 10(-4.5) M). (-) Naloxone inhibited O2- release in a dose dependent manner. 02- produced by a cell-free xanthine-xanthine oxidase system was not inhibited by (-) naloxone, indicating that (-) naloxone was not scavanging O2-. There was no difference between the effect of (-) and (+) naloxone suggesting that the inhibition of O2- was not specific for an opiate receptor. Another opiate antagonist, nalorphine, as well as the opiate agonist, morphine, also inhibited O2- release in the same concentration range. There was no difference between the effect of naloxone and morphine.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1981

Detection of orbital foreign bodies with computed tomography: current limits.

Detection and localization of known orbital foreign bodies with computed tomography was evaluated using a model that simulates as closely as possible in vivo conditions. The GE 8800 scanner proved to be an excellent instrument for detection and localization of most orbital or intraocular foreign bodies above certain minimum levels of detectability. The minimum detectable size varied according to the material, for example, 0.06 mm3 for steel, 1.82 mm3 for auto window glass in intraocular position, and slightly larger size for extraocular location. Small wood fragments were not detected.

Eye Foreign Bodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT fluoroscopy-guided catheterization of the celiac and mesenteric arteries for concurrent CTHA and CTAP.

We describe a technique for computed tomographic (CT) fluoroscopy-guided celiac artery or superior mesenteric artery (SMA) catheterization for use with CT hepatic arteriography or CT arterial portography, respectively. Patients underwent conventional hepatic angiography to define the anatomy and to place a catheter within the celiac artery or the SMA. Subsequently, the catheter was repositioned in the target vessels under CT fluoroscopy. Our success rate was 94%.

Catheterization, Peripheral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Consortium model for master's education in nursing.

The authors describe a consortium model for graduate education in nursing among four regional universities in southern Louisiana. A multi-site collaborative approach was implemented to increase educational opportunities for place-bound professional nurses while increasing institutional cooperation and achieving educational efficiencies. The development, design, and operational components of the consortium are described, and recommendations are presented for nursing administrators and faculty who may consider using a similar approach.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ewing's sarcoma of the sacrum.

Radiological findings in a case of spinal Ewing' s sarcoma are reported. A lytic lesion with soft tissue component in the sacrum was identified. Ewing's sarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis, especially when a child has a lytic lesion with soft tissue extension in the spine.

Child↗