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Biomedical subjects

E Thal

Publications and source records attributed to E Thal.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Opinions of practicing general surgeons on surgical education.

BACKGROUND: Collective opinions of practicing general surgeons on the current state of general surgical resident education are unknown. METHODS: A 26-item survey was mailed to practicing general surgeons in Minnesota and Texas. Average scores on 17 Likert-formatted questions and opinions on multiple-choice questions were compared by geographic area and academic affiliation. RESULTS: Overall response was 954 of 1,745 (55%). All surgeons felt changes were needed in surgical education. There was agreement by geographic area and academic affiliation that the current system of resident education allows chief residents to graduate with significant gaps in their education, and that the responsibility for correcting these gaps lies with the residency program. CONCLUSIONS: Opinions of general surgeons in two geographic areas and of differing academic affiliation regarding surgical education showed marked similarity. These data suggest change in the process of surgical education is the responsibility of the residency program and should be a priority for the profession.

General Surgery↗
PubMed1996

Complex problems in penetrating neck trauma.

This article discusses the problems and controversies in the assessment of penetrating injuries of the neck. The role of physical examination and color-flow Doppler imaging in the initial assessment is highlighted. Complex injuries of major vessels, the aerodigestive tract, and the parotid are discussed and therapeutic options are presented.

Angiography↗
PubMed1993

Role of laparoscopy in the evaluation of abdominal trauma.

This prospective study was designed to determine if laparoscopy is a safe and accurate method for abdominal evaluation in the trauma patient. Thirty-two patients who presented with blunt or penetrating trauma and who were scheduled for celiotomy based on clinical evaluation constituted the study group. The patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy prior to exploratory celiotomy. One of 6 (16%) patients with blunt abdominal trauma and 5 of 26 (19%) patients with penetrating abdominal trauma had significant injuries that were found at the time of operation but not visualized during laparoscopy. The missed injuries involved the liver, pancreas, stomach, duodenum, small bowel, small bowel mesentery, ureter, and urinary bladder. The correlation between the laparoscopist and the trauma surgeon as to the need to perform a celiotomy was 97%. Complications occurred in 2 of 32 patients. Eleven patients with anterior abdominal penetrating injuries had no evidence of penetration of the abdominal cavity at laparoscopy, and had no evidence of injury at celiotomy. We concluded that (1) there are areas within the abdominal cavity that cannot be accurately visualized with laparoscopy; (2) the evaluation of penetration of the peritoneal cavity from anterior penetrating injury appears to be accurate; (3) a number of injuries were not identified; and (4) further investigation of this procedure for the evaluation of abdominal trauma is required to assess its safety and accuracy.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1982

Peripheral neuropathy and starvation after gastric partitioning for morbid obesity.

Three months after gastric partitioning for morbid obesity, two patients developed an unusual and severe form of polyneuropathy that affected their sense of position maximally. This disorder produced severe ataxia of the upper extremities and trunk, and pseudochorea. One patient died and the autopsy showed an extensive demyelinating polyneuropathy. Neuronal cell bodies in the anterior horns and dorsal root ganglia showed extensive accumulations of lipofuscin and Schwann cells showed extensive accumulations of lipid. This neuronal and Schwann cell lipidosis appears to result from starvation of the obese and has never been reported in other forms of human starvation or nutritional deficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Biochemical, pathogenicity and toxicity studies of type III strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis isolated from the cecal contents of pigs.

Recent investigations have shown that the pig is a symptomless intestinal carrier of Y. pseudotuberculosis, the great majority of the strains isolated belonging to type III. Although these type III strains have a world-wide distribution there is little evidence to suggest that they are transferred readily to other animals and man. For that reason we examined the biochemical, pathogenic, immunogenic and exotoxin-producing properties of 24 type III strains isolated from the cecal contents of apparently healthy pigs. For comparison, we also examined type III strains from other sources, type I strains from normal pigs and isolates belonging to the other serotypes of Y. pseudotuberculosis. Biochemical reactions of type III strains were in accordance with data in the literature except for maltose and melibiose. Type III porcine strains were uniformly avirulent and atoxic but possessed a considerable degree of immunogenicity. On the other hand, type III strains isolated from aborted lambs and calves, although atoxic, were virulent for the guinea pig, as were also type I strains from healthy pigs. The pathogenic mechanism of Y.pseudotuberculosis, which is not unlike that found in E. coli, is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Isolation of Yersinia enterocolitica from swine at an abattoir in Sweden.

Yersinia enterocolitica is presented from a taxonomic point of view. A review about the increased frequencies of isolations of Y. enterocolitica from domestic and wild animals in Europe is given. Recent studies from different countries strongly suggest swine as a source of Y. enterocolitica infection to humans. The frequencies of isolation of the O-group I (serotype 3) of this bacteria from swine at a Swedish abattoir is presented. The occurrence of positive cases in lots of swine sent to slaughter from different herds range from 0.6 to 8.0%.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1977

Recent experiences with the Salmonella-O-1-phage in routine diagnostic work.

Sensitivity to the O-1-phage was tested on 5287 Salmonella strains isolated in the course of routine diagnostic work over the period 1971-1973. 3380 (99,2%) strains of the B group, 676 (97,8%) of the C group, 840 (98,8%) of the D group, and 195 (83,0%) of the E group strains were sensitive to the O-1-phage. 92 of the 5 287 strains belonged to other O-groups in the Kauffmann-White scheme; 91,3% of these were phage-positive. 5274 of the strains belonged to subgenus I and only 100 of them were not sensitive to the O-1-phage. A total of 13 strains belonged to subgenera II, III, and IV. The O-1-phage was considered to be suitable for the identification of Salmonella bacteria. It should, however, be observed that monophasic strains belonging to subgenus III and strains belonging to subgenus IV are usually not sensitive to the O-1-phage. Of the total number of strains, 98,0% were sensitive to the O-1-phage.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The persistence of group B streptococci in families.

Four years ago the relative occurrence of group B streptococci was studied in a group of 118 term pregnant women of which 17 were B-streptococcal carriers. Of these, 15 were investigated in connection with the delivery. 11 of these women were reexamined 45-50 months after delivery together with their families. A high frequency of positive cultures without symptoms (50%) was found in this small group of women and their husbands compared with male and female control groups. Persistence seems to be common, a fact to be remembered in subsequent pregnancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Occurrence and significance of hemolytic streptococci groups b-u in human infectious disease.

245 strains of hemolytic streptococci, isolated from 225 patients with infectious diseasses, were grouped serologically according to Lancefield. About 40% belonged to group B and half of them were found in the genito-urinary tract. Another 40% belonged to the groups C and G, half of them being found in the respiratory tract and often as the only potentially pathogenic organism. About 10% of the isolates belonged to other of the groups E to T, including M streptococci, and were found under similar circumstances as the C and G isolates. The last 10% could not be referred to any of the groups A-U. In 4 cases group B streptococci were found as the only potentially pathogenic organism in typical erysipelas, and in 4 cases of septicemia the only bacterial finding from blood was a streptococcus of the groups B, C or G. In these cases, as in most others in which an etiological significance could be ascribed to steptococci of other groups than A, the patient was in a bad general condition, due to very high age, agranulocytosis, ethylism or narcomania.

Adolescent↗