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Biomedical subjects

E Theodor

Publications and source records attributed to E Theodor.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Life threatening hypophosphataemia in a patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukaemia in acute blastic crisis.

Life-threatening hypophosphataemia developed in a 47 year old woman with blastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukaemia. The patient's hospitalization was characterized by reciprocal relationship between her white cell count and the serum phosphorus levels. The patient did not demonstrate any of the usual causes of profound hypophosphataemia. The postulated mechanism of this patient's hypophosphataemia is uptake by the rapidly dividing leukaemic cells. To the best of our knowledge this is the first case in the English literature of hypophosphataemia associated with blast crisis of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukaemia.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1992

Intermittent administration of furosemide vs continuous infusion preceded by a loading dose for congestive heart failure.

Several reports have suggested that continuous intravenous administration of loop diuretics may be superior to intermittent administration. We performed a prospective randomized crossover study comparing intermittent intravenous administration (IA) of furosemide with continuous infusion following a single loading dose (LDCI) in nine patients with severe congestive heart failure. At the time of hospital admission, patients were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups. One group (four patients) received an IV bolus injection of furosemide followed immediately by a continuous infusion for 48 h. The second group (five patients) was treated with three IV bolus injections a day for 48 h. Total doses of furosemide were equivalent in the two groups. After 48 h, each patient was crossed over to the other method and treated for an additional 48 h. LDCI produced significantly greater diuresis and natriuresis than IA (total urine output increased by 12 to 26 percent, total sodium excretion increased by 11 to 33 percent) (p less than 0.01). There were no significant differences in side effects between the two methods. These results indicate that LDCI may be a preferred method for administration of furosemide in patients with congestive heart failure.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Recombinant alpha-interferon may be efficacious in acute hepatitis B.

Whereas, in chronic type B hepatitis, the therapeutic effect of alpha-interferon has been studied extensively, data on the effect of interferon on the course and prognosis of acute hepatitis B are scarce in the literature. We report a case of acute type B hepatitis complicated by life-threatening extrahepatic manifestations where recombinant alpha-interferon facilitated clinical, biochemical, and serological recovery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Pregnancy and primary biliary cirrhosis.

Pregnancy is rarely encountered in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Ten pregnancies in nine patients have been reported in the literature. All five pregnancies that continued beyond the 31st week had increasing jaundice during late pregnancy. We describe a case of primary biliary cirrhosis with symptomatic onset at age 19, pregnancy a year later, with subsequent resolution of jaundice and pruritus. This course is different than most described by others.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Antinuclear autoantibodies in chronic liver diseases.

Circulating autoantibodies are often observed in liver disorders, especially in those thought to have an autoimmune etiology-such as primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and chronic active hepatitis (CAH). The pathophysiologic role of these antibodies, however, remains obscure. The present study was performed to evaluate the incidence and diagnostic value of different antinuclear antibodies in chronic liver diseases, and to assess whether the antibodies are a non-specific expression of the hypergammaglobulinemia observed in these disorders. We measured six different antinuclear and closely related antibodies (against ssDNA, dsDNA, Poly (I), Poly (dT), RNA and cardiolipin) and their IgG, IgA and IgM isotypes in the sera of 86 patients with autoimmune, as well as other chronic liver diseases--namely, PBC, CAH, alcoholic (AC) and cryptogenic cirrhosis (CC). Antibodies against all the various nuclear antigens were detected in all diseases studied. The incidence ranged from 4% (anti-cardiolipin-IgG in CC) to 74% (anti-Poly (dT)-IgM in PBC). Although the antibody profiles differed among the various disease entities, they were not distinct enough to be of any clinical diagnostic value. In alcoholic cirrhosis antibody levels correlated with corresponding immunoglobulin isotype levels (notably IgA), suggesting a non-specific expression of hypergammaglobulinemia. In the other liver diseases such a correlation was lacking, favoring the existence of an underlying specific antigenic stimulation, or some other more specific immune dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Epidemiology of Crohn's disease in the Jewish population of central Israel, 1970-1980.

The epidemiology of Crohn's disease (CD) during the years 1970-80 was studied in the Jewish population in a defined area of central Israel with 1.4 million inhabitants. Three hundred sixty-five patients with definite CD were identified, and a complete follow-up was obtained. The incidence of CD rose from 0.33 (per 10(5)) in 1970 to 3.10 in 1979. This rise was noted in both sexes, in all age groups, in all major Jewish community groups, and was demonstrated in three different regions of the study area. It is thought to represent a true (10-fold) increase in incidence. The mean annual incidence was 1.55/10(5). The prevalence in 1970 was 7.08/10(5), and in 1980 it was 19.47/10(5). In 1970, the age-adjusted prevalence in immigrants from Europe-America was 13.27 and in immigrants from Asia-Africa it was 1.69. In 1980, the difference between the two groups narrowed and the prevalences were 26.05 and 12.37, respectively. This decrease in differences between original migrant groups, as well as the rapid changes in incidence, point to the effect of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of CD. Population studies worldwide have demonstrated an increased incidence of CD in Jews, with marked differences among Jews in different geographic areas. This suggests the coexistence of genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Constrictive pericarditis complicating dermatomyositis.

Chronic constrictive pericarditis may complicate both rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. To our knowledge, however, this is the first time it has been described in a patient with dermatomyositis. This association should be kept in mind as constrictive pericarditis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and Budd-Chiari syndrome in rheumatic diseases.

Dermatomyositis↗
PubMed1987

Common lupus anti-DNA antibody idiotypes in chronic liver diseases.

Chronic liver diseases may be associated with the appearance of antinuclear antibodies. To further analyze the relationship between connective tissue and liver diseases the sera of 88 patients with chronic liver disorders were examined for the presence of common lupus anti-DNA idiotypes (16/6-id, 134-id, and 32/15-id), using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The 16/6-id was found in 58 (65.9%), the 134-id in 43 (48.9%), and the 32/15-id in 13 (14.8%) of the patients' sera. Distinct diagnostic groups displayed different lupus anti-DNA idiotype profiles. Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and chronic active hepatitis (CAH) had mainly the 16/6 idiotype, while in alcoholic (AC) and in cryptogenic cirrhosis (CC) the 16/6-id and 134-id were the main idiotypes recorded. There was considerable correlation among the different anti-DNA idiotypes but not between any of these idiotypes and an unrelated common anti-HBsAg idiotype. The occurrence of the various idiotypes was not found to be correlated with increased serum immunoglobulin levels. It can be concluded that the similarities between chronic liver diseases and connective tissue diseases are extended also to the presence of specific common anti-DNA antibody idiotypes.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1987

Cholestasis and liver failure with lambda-AL amyloidosis.

Clinically significant liver involvement in systemic amyloidosis, especially with cholestasis, is rare. We report a case of primary amyloidosis with severe intrahepatic cholestasis leading to terminal liver failure. The present case is the first of its kind reported involving Lambda light chains only as the associated paraprotein. Conventional treatment and a therapeutic trial with dimethyl sulphoxide were unsuccessful.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Change in the extent of colonic involvement in ulcerative colitis: a colonoscopic study.

The change over time in the extent of colonic involvement in ulcerative colitis has, to date, been assessed only by radiological means. To study this issue further, we examined, with repeated colonoscopies, 31 patients with ulcerative colitis. Serial biopsies were taken every 5 cm from the most proximal area reached by the colonoscope down to rectum. The endoscopic and histological extents were evaluated, and the severity of the inflammatory process was graded. Clinical scoring also was performed at the time of both colonoscopies. A change of extent was found in 77% of the patients endoscopically, and in 58% histologically, during a mean follow-up period of 17 months. Extension and regression were demonstrated in the same number of patients. In 61% of 62 procedures, there was complete agreement between colonoscopic and histological extents. The histological extent exceeded the colonoscopic extent in 28% of the procedures. We have the impression that change in the disease extent is a frequent event, and may be a part of the natural history of ulcerative colitis, rather than the exception.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Painful muscle cramps. A symptom of liver cirrhosis?

We found an 88% incidence of painful muscle cramps in 33 patients with cirrhosis, as compared to 21% in a matched population without liver disease. The cramps were characterized by severe pain, occurred in calf muscles several times a week (mainly at rest or during sleep), and lasted for a few minutes. No definite etiological factor could be found and the underlying pathophysiology remains obscure, as in most other types of muscle cramps. However, the strikingly high incidence and uniformity of the phenomenon may justify the inclusion of painful muscle cramps among the recognized symptoms of cirrhosis.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Cellular immunity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Israel: effects of THF, a thymic hormone in vitro.

Markers and functions of T cell subsets were studied in 3 Israeli males suffering from AIDS, two of whom were homosexuals and one heterosexual developing AIDS after a coronary bypass operation followed by multiple blood transfusions. Two healthy homosexual partners of one of the AIDS patients were also studied. Sera from these individuals were also tested for suppressive activity on control normal donor lymphocytes. Monitoring of T-cell subsets during a period of 3-12 months demonstrated a reversed T helper: T suppressor ratio in the 3 AIDS patients and in one of the healthy homosexuals. Addition of AIDS sera to normal T helper cells abolished the helper activity whereas its addition to normal isolated T suppressor cells enhanced the suppressor activity. Incubation of the patients lymphocytes with THF, a calf thymus hormone, restored the impaired helper cell activity. A suppressor factor unrelated to acid labile interferon was demonstrated in the sera of the AIDS patients but was not found in the sera of the healthy homosexuals. THF neutralized the suppressor effect of this serum factor when tested on normal lymphocytes.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗