PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

E V Golanov

Publications and source records attributed to E V Golanov.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis increases focal ischemic infarction in rat.

We investigated whether inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) biosynthesis with N-omega-nitro-L-arginine (NNA), a competitive inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS), would modify the volume of the focal ischemic infarction produced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. NNA was infused for 1 h (2.4 mg/kg/h) immediately following occlusion of the MCA. NNA increased lesion volume 24 h later by 32% over controls (150.8 +/- 16.6 to 199.2 +/- 17.4 mm3; p less than 0.001, n = 6). This effect was antagonized by co-infusion of L- but not D-arginine. The antihypertensive rilmenidine (0.75 mg/kg) reduced the lesion by 27% (p less than 0.05, n = 4). Changes in lesion size were confined to the penumbra. NNA increased arterial pressure (AP) (118 +/- 8.9 to 149 +/- 16.0 mm Hg; p less than 0.01, n = 3) but did not change regional CBF. However, elevation of AP did not change the lesion volume or distribution. We conclude that inhibition of the constitutive form of NOS in vivo increases the volume of focal ischemic infarction as a consequence of reduced NO biosynthesis. The absence of NO availability may extend lesion formation by inhibition of reactive hyperemia, platelet disaggregation, and/or release of neuroprotective neuromodulators in the penumbra, which may counteract and override any of its neurotoxic actions.

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1991

A system to acquire and record physiological and behavioral data remotely from nonhuman primates.

We describe an integrated system to record physiological and behavioral variables from nonhuman primates in social groups. The system records data simultaneously from two animals in family groups of five. It synchronizes behavioral and physiological data within 16 ms, either on-line or from recordings. Behavioral data are entered by trained observers on-line or from videotape. Recordings of physiological data are produced on-line as stripchart records, tape recordings on the audio channels of video cassettes, and magnetic disk files. The physiological data include two arterial blood flows, arterial blood pressure and heart rate. The data are transmitted from freely behaving animals to a central site via radio telemetry. The infrared link controls the radio transmitter and physiological signal processing electronics, as well as two sources of drugs for each animal. All of the electronics are contained in a small, light backpack that can be worn by either male or female baboons.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Integrating behavior and cardiovascular responses: the code.

The next revolution in biology is predicted to be in the integrative domain, and the need to involve physiologists in this kind of research has been recognized. This paper represents an approach to providing some of the tools required for dealing with integrative physiology at the behavioral level. Video tape recordings are made of the activities of a group of five baboons (Papio hamadryas) while simultaneous recordings of arterial blood pressure, heart rate, renal blood flow, and mesenteric or iliac blood flow are telemetered from two of the members of the group. The telemetered cardiovascular information is recorded on the two audio channels of the videotape. Subsequently the videotape is viewed, and a two-dimensional code is used to record the behavior of the two animals with the telemetry equipment. The first dimension of the code categorizes the behavior changes precisely regarding those aspects of behavior that are related to cardiovascular dynamics and does so with an accuracy of 16 ms. The second dimension codes relevant environmental changes. The paper describes the code and presents illustrations of how the code reflects the cardiovascular dynamics associated with the behavioral changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Mechanisms of the hypotensive effect of psychorelaxation therapy in hypertension].

An evaluation of the effect of mental relaxation treatment on endogenous opioid activity and vascular reactivity in 20 patients with labile essential hypertension has demonstrated that mental relaxation treatment results in a significantly greater drop in arterial BP, as compared to pharmacologic placebo, and is associated with the improvement of the patients' psychological status, lesser psychophysiologic and vascular reactivity, and a smaller beta-endorphin increment under emotional stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Psychophysiological interrelations and reactivity characteristics in hypertensives.

Two hundred three patients with essential hypertension (20- to 55-year-old men) were examined initially and at the end of a 1-year follow-up. Clinical, psychological, and psychophysiological methods were used. In the psychophysiological assessment, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate, and respiratory rate were recorded at rest and during various emotional stressors. Patients who exhibited a greater increase in blood pressure during psychological stress, in addition to an inherited predisposition to essential hypertension, had higher levels of assertiveness and interpersonal conflict. The differences in cardiovascular response to various emotional stressors depended on the psychological features of the hypertensive patients. An SBP increase during the performance of mental arithmetic correlated with anxiety level, whereas a DBP increase was associated with assertiveness. Changes in SBP and DBP during a stressful computer game correlated with the level of competitiveness and conflict. Hypertensive patients who exhibited an increase in blood pressure during the follow-up were characterized initially by a greater DBP increase during emotional stress and a longer recovery period.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Psychophysiological correlations and reactivity of patients with hypertension].

A clinical psychophysiologic and psychologic assessment was made twice, at 12 months' interval, in 203 patients with essential hypertension (EH). In addition to aggravated heredity, EH patients showing more marked BP increment under emotional stress had higher level of anxiety, rigidity and interpersonal conflicts. Different cardiovascular response to various emotive stressors was dependent on psychological characteristics of EH patients. EH patients with increased BP over follow-up period originally showed more marked diastolic BP response to emotional stress, and slower BP recovery after the exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[The effect of opiate receptor ligands on emotional cardiovascular reactions in lower primates].

Intravenous naloxone injection (0.1 mg/kg) facilitated blood pressure increase in response to conditioned sound stimulus followed by electrocutaneous shock in conscious chair-restrained baboons (Papio hamadryas). Naloxone at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg had an opposite effect and led to the decrease in blood pressure and heart rate in conditioned fear reflex. Naloxone microinjections (50 microM) into the periventricular hypothalamus led to a significant diminution of blood pressure and heart rate increment in response to electrocutaneous shock; naloxone microinjections into tractus solitarius nuclei suppressed blood pressure and heart rate reactions both to conditioned (sound) and unconditioned (electrocutaneous shock) stimuli. Microinjections of equimolar morphine quantities in these brain regions facilitated such reactions. It is concluded that endogenous opioid system participates in the formation of cardiovascular reactions to emotional stimuli in monkeys, with multiple opioid receptors of periventricular hypothalamus and tractus solitarius nuclei involved in the generation of such reactions.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1986

[Participation of the endogenous opioid system in the formation of the body's response to stress].

Autonomic responses to acute stressors in unanesthetized, chair-restrained baboons and macacas include elevations in heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate. Naloxone, in a dose of 1.0 mg/kg intravenously, as well as morphine (1.0 mg/kg) suppresses autonomic alterations produced by the introduction of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli. When given in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg, naloxone, on the contrary, facilitates autonomic responses. The autonomic changes induced by electrical stimulation of the medial hypothalamus and nucleus tractus solitarius are influenced by naloxone--in both doses--and by morphine in the opposite manner. These data, as well as those derived from experiments on the effects of micro-injections of naloxone and morphine into the medial hypothalamus and nucleus tractus solitarius suggest that the endogenous opioid system is necessary to display complete autonomic response pattern in monkeys. A hypothesis is proposed to the effect that endogenous opioid system is important for establishing a precise correspondence between the body's potentialities and behavior, and environmental demands.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity of the blood plasma of hamadryas baboons and its changes].

It was established that plasma level of beta-endorphin-like IR in baboons (Papio hamadryas) was 8 +/- 1 fM/ml, and of beta-lipoprotein-like IR- 9 +/- 1 fM/ml. Ratio between beta-endorphin-like and beta-lipoprotein-like IR was 0.9 +/- 0.1. Under the electrical stimulation of the periventricular-perifornical area of hypothalamus, the level of beta EP-IR reached 26 +/- 9 fM/ml while the level of beta LP-IR fell. On the mamillary hypothalamic area stimulating, no similar changes were observed. A considerable increase in the beta EP-IR level, up to 53 +/- 2 fM/ml, was recorded in hemorrhagic shock. Levels of plasma beta EP-IR in baboons and in men are concluded to be close and the increase of them associated with the stress status of baboons.

Animals↗