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Biomedical subjects

E V Khmelevskiĭ

Publications and source records attributed to E V Khmelevskiĭ.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Radiotherapy for recurrent breast cancer].

The study is concerned with the clinico-radiobiological characteristics of radiotherapy for relapsed breast cancer. Adequate choice of tissue mass to be exposed appeared much more important than any change in focal dose within 50-80 Gy, to achieve higher frequency of locoregional therapeutic effect. No significant noticeable relationship was established between efficacy of recurrence treatment, on the one hand, and such factors as cluster-like lesion, ulceration of tumor and additional excision of a relapsed node, on the other. However, recurrent tumors larger than 3 cm showed lower radiosensitivity involving a sharp rise in the likelihood of dissemination. Radiotherapy for primary tumor did not affect the radiosensitivity of recurrent malignancies but slowed down the rate of ies growth. Also, it might speed up tumor dissemination.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Role of induction chemo- and radiotherapy in the treatment of locally advance breast cancer].

336 patients with locally-advanced breast cancer underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Increase in T- and N-indices (change of stage after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) proved an important prognostic factor. Survival rates correlated with clinical effect and dropped as it diminished. This tendency was clear in both groups. There was no relationship between stage and overall and disease-free survival rates at early stages but later they declined as T- and N-indices decreased.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Radiotherapy for recurrent breast cancer].

Evidence has shown that the right choice of tissue volume to be irradiated is much more important for better therapeutic effect than focal dose variation within 50-80 Gy. No relationship between efficacy of postoperative recurrence treatment, on the one hand, and multiplicity of lesions, recurrence ulceration or additional excision of relapsing node, on the other was established. However, lowered radiosensitivity and relatively very high likelihood of tumor dissemination were typical of tumors larger than 3 cm. Radiotherapy for primary tumor did not affect recurrence radiosensitivity, slowed down its development but might promote acceleration of its dissemination.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Single preoperative radiation exposure for stage II breast cancer].

The efficacy of different combinations of radiotherapy and mastectomy after Madden was compared in 411 patients with stage II breast tumors. The least likelihood of local reccurence (4.5 +/- 1.3%) was recorded after single exposure before mastectomy and with/without adjuvant irradiation of the regional lymphatics (group I); it appeared 1.5 times as high (7.0 +/- 2.1%) after mastectomy + postoperative irradiation (group II) while the highest frequency (14.8 +/- 5.4%) was registered after surgery alone (group III). Relapse-free 10-year survival was observed in 63.5 +/- 4.7 (group I), 77.4 +/- 4.6 (group II) and 46.2 +/- % (group III), respectively, the difference between group I and II being significant. Therefore, postoperative radiotherapy in conjunction with mastectomy (Madden) should be recommended for stage II breast carcinoma when the breast cannot be salvaged.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

[Current diagnosis and combined and radiation therapy of pancreato-biliary cancer in patients with jaundice].

The effectiveness of therapy of pancreato-biliary cancer in jaundice patients has been raised due to introduction of sparing slightly-invasive (percutaneous, transhepatic) procedures for suppression of choleostasis and restoring biliary return to intestine. Also, such measures as pancreato-digestive anastomosis, radical surgery to compensate jaundice-related functional and morphological disorders and changes in the liver as well as perfection of procedures of combined and radiation therapy were used.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Lung cancer: 30-year experience of surgical and combined treatment].

6,212 lung cancer patients have been examined and treated. The data on surgical and combined treatment of 2,702 patients have been analyzed. Postoperative complication incidence has dropped to 5.4% in recent years. End results have improved due to use of organ-saving, reconstructive and plastic procedures for the bronchi and trachea in conjunction with radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Comparison of the effectiveness of various comprehensive treatments for locally advanced breast cancer].

Different combinations of radical mastectomy, radiotherapy and cycle polychemotherapy were compared in 330 patients with T2N2 and T3-4N0-2M0 breast cancers: preoperative radiotherapy followed by surgery and adjuvant chemo-hormonal therapy (CT/HT)-118: neoadjuvant polychemotherapy (neCT) combined with preoperative radiation, surgery and adjuvant CT/HT-105; surgery, postoperative radiotherapy (PoRT) and adjuvant CT/HT-51, and neoCT followed by surgery, PoLT and adjuvant CT/HT-56. Advantage offered by postoperative radiotherapy proved significant only in the T2N2 and T3N1M0 groups and only in cases of combined PoLT and neoadjuvant polychemotherapy. Neoadjuvant polychemotherapy proved advantageous only in combination with postoperative surgery, and, on the whole, its application was as effective as adjuvant administration of cytostatic drugs. However, considering significant increase in recurrence-free survival in neoCT-sensitive patients within the first years of follow-up, one can expect to obtain higher stable effect in application of methods leading to more frequent complete regression.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Current technology of radiotherapy in the conservative treatment of localized breast cancer].

New procedures of radical radiotherapy for localized breast tumors have been developed. They offer high precision and a close fit of irradiation fields. Conservative treatment was given to 108 patients. Five- and ten year-survival, recurrence-free, following radical chemoradiation therapy was 30.2 and 14.1%, respectively: overall survival--33.6 and 15.5%, respectively. No signs of locoregional progression of tumor was observed in 77.5%. An evaluation of the results of complex treatment including obligatory mastectomy and those of conservative therapy revealed obvious advantages of the former in dealing with T3N1-2M0 tumors. However, no advantage was recorded in the treatment of T4N1-2M0 tumors. Radical chemo-radiotherapy of localized T4N1-2 tumors or respective single supraclavicular lymph nodes may be considered an alternative to modalities including mastectomy, provided all procedural and technological requirements are met.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

[Early peripheral cancer of the lung: long-term results of combined therapy using sparing resection techniques].

Two hundred-thirty patients were operated on for peripheral lung cancer TIN0M0 in 1960-1990. Pheumonectory was performed in 3 cases, lobectomy-123, segmentectomy-40, wedge-like resection-57 and removal of tumor-in 7 cases. Limited resection in 20 patients was not followed by radiation therapy, Radiation treatment was given to 15 patients preoperatively, 53-postoperatively and 16 patients-pre-and postoperatively, Five-year survival after combined treatment was recorded in 70.5%, while without this treatment-68.7%. Local recurrences following limited intervention were usually detected 3-5 years later, regional and distant metastases developing within the first 24 months. A reverse correlation was established between extent of surgery and local recurrence incidence. Reoperation such as lobectomy or pneumonectomy is feasible in cases of timely diagnosis. The highest 5-year survival rates were registered for segmentectomies carried out in combination with postoperative radiotherapy (77.2%). Prognosis proved best in cases of adenocarcinoma and tumor arising in the cicatrix. Paliative surgery appeared preferable for primary tumor 1.5 cm in diameter and less. Even in small-size malignancy, removal of tumor is not radical enough, Wedge-like resection is admissible in small-size subpleural lesions only. Preoperative radiotherapy results proved inferior to those of other procedures of combined treatment. Pronounced radiation-induced pneumonitis involving re-hospitalization for symptomatic treatment occurred in 7 (5.5%) cases of lobectomy combined with radiotherapy and in 2 (1.9%) cases of limited resection.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[Multiple primary malignant neoplasms and survival of patients with stage-I lung cancer].

The study group included 2161 patients operated on in 1968-1990. Tumors stage I were morphologically confirmed in 910 cases (T1S-3, T1-375 and T2-532). 827 patients survived 5 years (90.9%); 551 patients-10 years (60.3%). Primary multiple neoplasms (PMN) of different localization were detected in 96 (10.6%) patients with stage I tumors. Thirteen patients (13.5%) died of progression of a second tumor; 17 (17%)-of other causes. Average 5-year survival was 65%, 10 years-53%. These indices in 96 patients with PMNs were 73 and 53%, respectively. Relative risk of PMN in lung cancer was found to be in direct correlation with survival time and to depend, to a large degree, on tumor extension. When PMNs are detected early and treated radically, new primary tumors emergence does not significantly in lung cancer stage I. Preliminary results showed chemotherapy (neoadjuvant one included) to lower the risk of PMN in lung cancer stage I. The most plausible causes of enhanced survival of patients with PMNs are discussed.

Female↗