Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E V Kononenko.
The authors demonstrated that in workers having pulmonary dust diseases, serum blood dehydration ("closed drop" preparation) reveals in polarized light very specific structure different from that in the reference group members. Morphologic properties of various structures could prove silicotic process development.
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The role of liquid crystal state (LCS) of biomacromolecules and phenomena of polymesomorphism in the formation of certain pathological processes in man is considered. The spectrum of diseases the pathogenesis of which is associated with mesophases is discussed. The evidence of participation of mesophases in cellular pathology are presented. A possible influence of LCS on the development of certain disorders found under space flight conditions is mentioned. Particular attention is drawn to the necessity of studying the phase composition and structure of liquid crystals in biological environment for the solution of some diagnostic and prognostic problems.
Peculiarities of aggregation in the samples of high density serum lipoproteins LHD2 and LHD3 obtained from healthy donors and patients with ishaemic heart disease were studied under isothermal exposition. It was found that lipoprotein samples from defective serum were characterized by chemical and structural inhomogeneity. It is reflected in the formation of spherolites of various types and of well-grown dendrite forms. Growth of stepped lens-shaped crystals of cholesterol takes place in the normal serum LHD3 preparations after long exposition. Crystal growth is thought to begin according to dislocational mechanism on linear defects existing in the liquid crystalline phase; then transformation to kinetically rough surface and to normal growth of the face occurs with the concentration increase.
Behaviour of cholesteric mixtures transiting into isotropic state at 30-38 degrees C kept at 20 degrees C for a long time was studied. It is found that besides transitions from a flat to cylindrical texture concerned with the defects in the sample, crystallization of the mixtures according to the dislocation mechanism is possible. The critical size of crystallization nuclei was estimated. The discovered phenomenon of dislocation growth of crystals from the cholesteric mixture is important for studying the mechanisms of crystallic phase isolation from cholesteric mixtures and for understanding of the crystallization processes in biological liquid crystal systems.
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Possibility of crystallization of cholesterol in bile according to the dislocational mechanism is shown. It is supposed that linear defects in the liquid crystalline phase of bile at gallstone disease may serve as dislocations of growth. The critical size of crystallization nuclei is estimated. In bile of patients with acalculous cholecystitis the dendrite mechanism of cholesterol crystallization was found.
Optic-morphological characteristics and crystallization of mucus of land snails Achatina fulica (Bowditch) are compared with cervical secret and also with the human bile. Typical defective structures of mesophases: spheroliths, regions of confocal and fan textures containing various classes of line defects are shown. Crystallization of protein and lipid fractions is shown to proceed separately, while the dendrite mechanism is typical for the former and for the latter the dislocational growth of crystals from the mesophase is possible.
The relation between defect structures and peculiarities of relaxation processes at the formation of lyotropic phases in various phospholipid systems was studied. It is shown that both the structure faults and kinetics of textural transitions and cristallization depend on the saturation of fatty acid residues of lipids. It is established that the time range of lipid mesophases is increased while adding dimethylsulphoxid in all the systems studied.
The influence of sulphuric magnesium on the molecular regulation processes in lecithin-water systems was investigated by the optical methods of polarized microscopy, refractometry and infrared spectroscopy. The obtained changes of structure parameters are interpreted by the modification role of Mg2+ cations and SO4(2-) groups.