Biomedical subjects

E V Kring

Publications and source records attributed to E V Kring.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1986

A dynamic vapor exposure system for evaluating passive dosimeters.

A dynamic vapor exposure evaluation system for passive dosimeters has been validated in which benzene is used as the test vapor. The system is capable of generating well defined short-square wave concentration profiles suitable for the evaluation of passive dosimeters for STEL monitoring. These concentration profiles are highly reproducible and accurate to the 0.1-ppm level. The system has been used successfully to evaluate a miniature passive dosimeter for short-term exposure monitoring.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗

PubMed1985

Laboratory validation of five commercially available methods for sampling ethylene oxide in air.

Two types of large charcoal tubes (PCB and JXC charcoal based), two diffusion type passive monitors (DuPont Pro-Tek C-70 and 3M #3550), and MIRAN Infrared Model 103 analyzer were tested simultaneously over six concentrations (0.25 to 10.7 ppm) at 65% relative humidity. Exposure times were from 4-6 hours, and all established sampling analytical precautions were taken with charcoal tubes to ensure reliable results. At least six replicates were tested at each concentration. Passive badges were analyzed by the respective manufacturers. Only the DuPont ethylene oxide badge met the accuracy criteria in the OSHA ethylene oxide standard over the entire concentration range tested.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗

PubMed1984

Laboratory validation and field verification of a new passive colorimetric air monitoring badge for sampling hydrogen sulfide in air.

The Pro-Tek passive colorimetric air monitoring badge for personal or area sampling of hydrogen sulfide is described. The badge has been validated over the range of 1.8 to 164 ppm-hours (0.23-21 ppm on an 8-hour TWA basis). It has an overall accuracy throughout this range of +/- 15.9% and meets the NIOSH accuracy criteria for an analytical and sampling method. The colorimetric analytical method used is based on the Texas Air Control Board's Molybdenum Blue method. Color-activated exposed badge solutions are read out on a standard laboratory spectrophotometer using 1 centimeter (10 mm) cells. Variations in exposure temperature (between 10 degrees and 40 degrees C), relative humidity, and face velocity (between 2 and 250 ft/min) do not affect badge performance. Unexposed badges are stable for more than 12 months refrigerated and for two months at room temperature.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗

PubMed1984

Sampling for formaldehyde in workplace and ambient air environments--additional laboratory validation and field verification of a passive air monitoring device compared with conventional sampling methods.

Results of three extensive plant field tests using both area and personal sampling and involving 51 sets of comparison samples show the Du Pont Pro-Tek Formaldehyde Badge to have excellent correlation with three commonly used formaldehyde monitoring methods. In addition, comprehensive laboratory validation tests are reported which confirm an overall accuracy of +/- 9.6 to +/- 11.6% for the badge over an exposure range of 0.12-6.8 ppm. Laboratory test data are also included showing that the badge: (1) meets NIOSH and OSHA accuracy requirements of less than or equal to +/- 25% down to 1.6 ppm-hours (200 ppb) for an 8-hour TWA exposure; (2) is capable of accurately sampling for 15-minute exposures; and (3) is not affected by pressure or relative humidity variations.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗

PubMed1984

Laboratory validation and field verification of a new passive air monitoring badge for sampling ethylene oxide in air.

A new diffusion colorimetric air monitoring badge for sampling ethylene oxide is described. The Du Pont Pro-Tek C-70 badge has been laboratory validated over the range of 4-375 ppm-hours (0.5-47 ppm on an 8-hour TWA) using standard spectrophotometer readout in 1 centimeter (10 mm) cells. The lower range can be extended to 2 ppm-hours (0.25 ppm) by using 4 cm (40 mm) cells. The badge has an overall sampling and analytical method accuracy of +/- 13.5%. It meets NIOSH accuracy criteria and has a mean coefficient of variation CVT = 0.059. The badge has no temperature, pressure, relative humidity or face velocity effects over practical ranges. The response time is adequate to sample peak concentrations over short time periods. The badge may be used to determine ambient formaldehyde levels if suspected to be present along with ethylene oxide. Badges are shown to agree very well with the industry accepted and proposed ASTM pump/charcoal tube method in three extensive plant field tests. Badges were more precise than the charcoal tube/pump method in all field tests conducted.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗

PubMed1983

Laboratory and field comparison of three methods for monitoring sulfur dioxide in air.

The purpose of this test was to establish the relative response of Du Pont Pro-Tek C-20 SO2 air monitoring badges with NIOSH Physical and Chemical Analytical Methods (P&CAM S308 and 160) in field tests at a steel mill blast furnace area during normal slag release operations. No significant difference was found at the 95% confidence level between the badges and P&CAM S308. The correlation coefficient between the badges and P&CAM S308 was 0.996. The NIOSH P&CAM 160 gave considerably lower results in the field. Exposures ranged from 6.3 to 35.4 ppm airborne sulfur dioxide. Analysis of field-exposed badges stored for five days at room temperature showed no loss of absorbed SO2 when compared with badges analyzed immediately. Prior to field testing, badges and impingers were validated in the laboratory using certified gas cylinders containing SO2 in air over the anticipated exposure range. Both impinger methods, when validated in the laboratory, met NIOSH accuracy requirements for a sampling and analytical method.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗

PubMed1980

A new personal badge monitor for organic vapors.

A new passive monitor for organic vapors has been developed for the determination of the time-weighted average (TWA) concentration of contaminants in air. This personal dosimeter type badge monitor collects the organic vapors through the mechanism of molecular diffusion and adsorption onto an activated carbon collection element. After exposure, the activated carbon is removed from the device and analyzed using gas chromatographic techniques outlined in NIOSH Physical and Chemical Analysis Method (P&CAM) 127. Current NIOSH standards for measuring the concentration of organic vapors in the atmosphere involve the use of charcoal tubes and sampling pumps for collection, desorption by carbon disulfide and subsequent analysis using gas chromatographic techniques. In comparative testing, the new passive monitor has demonstrated that its overall accuracy is at least equivalent to the charcoal tube method in determining ambient contaminant concentration. Several organic compounds were sampled over the range of 0.5 ppm - 1100 ppm exposure levels. Both field and laboratory tests were conducted and the results were compared. Environmental parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, and air movement were among the factors examined. Other factors considered were desorption efficiencies, sampling rates, sampling range, bias, and precision.

Air Pollutants↗