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Biomedical subjects

E V Loseva

Publications and source records attributed to E V Loseva.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Responses of cortical neurons to microiontophoretic application of acetylcholine to their dendrites.

Spike responses of neurons to the microiontophoretic application of acetylcholine to the soma and the dendrites were studied. The somatic and dendritic membranes had virtually equal sensitivity to acetylcholine. Only activatory responses were seen, which were most typical of spontaneously active neurons. Muscarinic activation induced spike responses with equal latent periods and equal intensities on application of acetylcholine to dendrites and the soma. It is suggested that intracellular chemical signaling is involved in the propagation of cholinergic excitation via dendrites.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurotransplantation of the fetal tissue and compensatory-restorative processes in the recipient nervous system].

Last years the allogenic neurografting starts to be use in clinic for the treatment of some diseases connected with organic and functional disorders of CNS. This review is devoted to analysis of the literature data and the results of own investigations about the influence of the immature nervous tissue grafts of the different genesis on the compensatory-restorative processes in the central nervous system of mammalian recipients with different models of nervous diseases, mainly the brain traumas. Besides it, the physiological-active substances of developmental brain, the donor materials alternative to allogenic solid and suspensions grafts, the ways to prevent the xenogenic nervous tissue rejection without immune suppressive therapy were analyze. The conception about mechanisms of neurografts influence on the recipient brain was suggested.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of polidan on the conditioned memory and structural and metabolic parameters of the rat brain neurons].

New experimental data on the mnemotropic (nootropic) properties of the well-known drug polidan (a DNA derivative) are summarized. The results obtained by histological techniques showed changes in the brain structure, indicating protein synthesis activation under the action of polidan. These results confirm prognostic function of the concept of evolutionary-molecular basis of memory.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effects of Mexidol on food conditioning and synaptic fine structure of hippocampal field CA1 in rats exposed to a single acoustic stimulation with ultrasonic components].

The effect of exposure of rats to a complex acoustic signal with ultrasonic components on line structure of synapses of the CA1 field of the hippocampus was studied during a course treatment (two weeks) with broad-spectrum antioxidant Mexidol. Under the same conditions, the time course of food conditioning by a conditioned tone stimulus and acquisition of trace conditioned reflex (time interval counting) were studied in the same rat group. Rats non-exposed to stress against the background of Mexidol and without Mexidol treatment served as control. Analysis of fine structure of the vesicle redistribution in CA1 synapses revealed a reduction of the efficacy of synaptic transmission a day after the exposure to the complex acoustic stimulus. We found a negative effect of the complex acoustic stimulus on conditioning by tone and acquisition of time-counting trace reflex by rats. This effect was shown to be normalized by the course Mexidol treatment. The results suggests the expediency of Mexidol application for prevention of cognitive disorders, which are frequent under stress-inducing conditions.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurogenesis in the mature olfactory bulb and it's possible functional destination].

This review is concerned with neurogenesis in the mature mammalian brain with emphasis on cell population renewal in the olfactory bulb (OB). The structural and functional features of the OB are considered along with data on neurotropic viruses and toxic dust penetration into the CNS through the OB. We hypothesize a protective role of neurogenesis in the mature OB. This suggests that normal renewal of cell populations in the OB is an important barrier mechanism protecting the brain from invasion of small amounts of harmful neurotropic agents (ex. viruses and particles of toxic dust), which can cause various neurodegenerative diseases.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A special case of learning disruption as a model of a disintegration phenomenon].

Combination of two factors in rats such as the isolation (during 2-4 months, beginning from the 21st day of age) and procedure of space cyclic learning results in a rare kind of behavioral strategy (in 30% animals), when the cyclic behavior is realized without food reinforcement. Such a dissociation between the vital motivation and searching behavior may be considered as an analogue of the disintegration phenomenon in neuropsychotic patients. The deep depression of learning owing to lowering of search represents the dominant type of behavioral disorders in isolants. The cyclic habit training, including a 2-months pause between two sessions, significantly increases behavioral search activity. The behaviors are accompanied by morphological shifts in the sensomotor cortex: significant decrease of the fifth layer (giant pyramids) thickness, selective lowering in the satellite glia density and elimination of normal behavior-glia correlations.

Animals↗
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[Influence of acoustic signal with ultrasonic components on the development of defensive conditioned reflex in Wistar rats].

Short-term (90 s) effects of the complex acoustic signal (CAS) with ultrasonic components on the development of defensive conditioned reflex of two-way active avoidance in a shuttle-box were studied in female Wistar rats. The learning ability of rats was measured on a scale designed in our laboratory. It was shown that CAS stimulation triggered an audiogenic seizure of different strength in 59% of animals. The CAS was extremely stressful for Wistar rats: it prevented the active avoidance learning in early terms after its application (the first training session in 4 or 6 days). This effect did not depend on the presence or intensity of audiogenic seizures during CAS. In the second training session in 9 days (the first session was in 4 days), learning was impaired as compared to control without CAS. However, during repeated training procedure 1.5 months after the CAS (the first session in 6 days), rats rapidly reached the criterion of learning (10 consecutive avoidance reactions). On the other hand, if the CAS was presented with different time lags (immediately, in 3 or in 45 days) after the first training session, the ability of animals to learn during the second session was not impaired both in early and late terms after exposure to the stressor. The results suggest that exposure to CAS prevents development of short-term memory but does not affect consolidation process and long-term memory.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of a neurotransplant of embryonal tissue on reactive processes during brain trauma in rats].

The effect of embryonic brain tissue on reactive processes in injured brain of adult rats has been studied. The transplant can prevent development of inflammatory loci which are formed after deep double brain trauma. The transplant is supposed to excrete physiologically active compounds which either suppress the development of immunological conflict in the injured brain or activate blood and brain suppressor mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Behavioral, morphologic and biochemical correlates of the early effect of a neural transplant into the damaged brain of adult rats].

Complex study was carried out of the behavioural, morphological and neurobiochemical parameters of the effect of an embryonal neural transplant of the amygdala in the first weeks after its introduction into the area of the left amygdala of adult rats-recipients. The neural transplant promoted normalization of animals food search, disturbed by operative interference. The amygdalar embryonal tissue lowered the proliferative glia reaction, produced by the brain lesion, and intensified the nervous tissue regeneration. The neural transplant intensified generalized adaptive neurobiochemical processes in the lesioned brain.

Amygdala↗