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Biomedical subjects

E V Sergeeva

Publications and source records attributed to E V Sergeeva.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Modified capillary blood prothrombin-time test for the calculation of an international normalized ratio].

Prothrombin time (PT) is usually measured in citrated venous blood. This test is undesirable in pediatric practice and in patients taking anticoagulants due to frequent venepunctures. Capillary blood PT test has no adverse impact. The authors have developed a standardized modified method for PT measurement in capillary blood. The adequacy of the test is due to the fact that analyzed test packed cell volumes are kept in mind. The modified test has shown that the values of normal plasma PT may be used to calculate an international normalized ratio (INR). It makes it possible to determine capillary blood PT in the range of packed cell volumes from 0.15 to 0.7 in the examinees and to monitor anticoagulant therapy. The results of the modified test closely correlated with those when determining PT and INR in venous plasma (r = 0.99) and applying the CoaguChek test (r = 0.97).

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2006

[Clinicomicrobiological monitoring of patients with exacerbation of chronic bronchitis treated with antibacterial drugs].

AIM: To compare clinical and microbiological efficacy of penicillines and macrolids in patients with exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (CB) basing on long-term follow-up after antibacterial treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients with exacerbated CB or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) received amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (augmentin) while 20 other patients were given macrolides (sumamed or clacide). Clinical efficacy was assessed by the rate of exacerbation regression and duration of recurrence-free period in the course of 12-month follow-up. Bacteriological examination was conducted 3-5 days, 1 month after the treatment and at recurrent exacerbation. RESULTS: Patients on augmentin showed faster regression of exacerbation, earlier remission and higher quality of remission than patients on macrolides. Eradication of etiologically significant pathogens on day 3-5 after therapy with augmentin and macrolides was achieved in 92 and 30% patients, respectively, persistence--in 8 and 70%, respectively. Mean duration of remission was 263 +/- 107.1 and 164.9 +/- 112,2 days, respectively. A correlation was found between duration of recurrence-free period and frequency of eradication and persistence of the agents after antibacterial therapy of CB and COPD. CONCLUSION: Augmentin promotes a significantly earlier regress of exacerbation symptoms and persistent remission. Eradication potential of augmentin in CB/COPD patients is higher than that of macrolides. Long-term post-exacerbation monitoring (12-month follow-up) discovered that recurrence-free period of augmentin-treated patients is much longer than in patients on macrolides.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Standardization of coagulologic technique for antithrombin III estimation and its clinical application].

A standard assay procedure for estimating antithrombin III activity was derived from the Abildgaard technique as follows: 1) to decrease errors at the preanalytical stage, by using preliminarily defibrinated lyophilized plasma-calibrator and 2) to increase measurement accuracy, by using the concentration of a fibrinogen preparation and simplifying the analytical procedure. The estimation of plasma antithrombin activity in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism or sepsis points to the changes in antithrombin III activity.

Antithrombin III↗
PubMed2005

[Anti-phosphatidylethanolamine antibodies in patients with Sneddon's syndrome].

Anti-phosphatidylethanolamine antibodies (aPE) belong to the group of anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) and are directed against neutral phospholipid, connected with co-factor protein, while cardiolipin antibodies (aKL) are directed against negative phospholipid. The paper presents a study of prevalence and clinical significance of IgG aPE in 28 patients (22 women and 6 men, mean age 47.6 +/- 11.6 years) with Sneddon's syndrome (SS), which consists in cerebrovascular disturbances and extensive livedo reticularis. IgG aPE were detected by immune-enzyme assay. The upper normal limit, calculated as mean + 3SD after studying 19 healthy donors, was 0.303 optic density units. aPE were found in 15 (54%), aKL and/or lupus anticoagulant (LA)--in 6 (21%) patients with SS. aPE were found in 10 (46%) out of 22 aKL- and LA-negative patients. Among the aPE-positive patients there was a higher incidence of cortic dementia (53% vs. 8%, p = 0.02), the widening of cortical sulci, detected by means of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (73% vs. 31%, p = 0.05), and mild renal syndrome (73% vs. 16%, p = 0.03). Besides, they displayed a higher rate of headaches (87% vs. 62%), chorea (33% vs. 8%), epilepsy (27% vs. 8%), non-carrying of pregnancy (91% vs. 50%), peripheral venous thrombosis (27% vs. 15%), coronary heart disease (47% vs. 31%), cardiac valvular thickening, detected by means of EchoCG (93% vs. 69%), arterial hypertension (87% vs. 54%), thrombocytopenia (20% vs. 0), anemia (40% vs. 15%); however, the difference was not significant. The results show that aPE detection, performed in addition to detection of classic immunological antiphospholipid syndrome markers (aKL and LA), increases the portion of aPE-positive patients with SS by 33%. aPE are often (in 46% of cases) found in aKL- and LA-negative patients with SS. aPE is likely to be the most significant factor of thrombosis in small arteries of the brain cortex and kidneys, which could explain their association with dementia and renal syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Mutations of genes associated with thromboses in ischemic stroke in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome].

AIM: To study factor V Leiden, prothrombin (G1691A), 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR, C677T) mutations in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 44 patients (38 female, 6 male, mean age 41.6 +/- 11.6 years) with PAPS and CVD. Detection of mutations was carried out using polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation was found in 11% patients, heterozygous prothrombin mutation--in 9%, heterozygous and homozygous MTHFR mutation--in 50% and 9%, respectively. The severity of CVD, frequency of clinical manifestations related to non-cerebral arterial and venous thrombosis did not differ between the patients with and without mutations or there was a tendency to less frequent occurrence of these manifestations in patients with mutations. Patients with heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation, heterozygous prothrombin mutation or homozygous MTHFR mutation less frequently developed recurrent ischemic stroke than patients without these mutations (8% versus 44%, p < 0.02). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that mutations studied do not play a significant role in development of cerebral and systemic thrombosis in patients with PAPS. The leading role belongs to antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Sometimes these mutations may protect from thrombogenic aPL action. This could underlie less frequent development of recurrent ischemic stroke in patients with mutation.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Possibility of diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic complications in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphosarcoma].

AIM: Efficacy of the treatment of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphosarcoma depends to a great extent on early diagnosis and treatment policy. In this study we evaluated possibilities of diagnosis and treatment of thrombotic complications of primary mediastinal B-cell lymphosarcoma (PMBL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 61 patients were examined using roentgenography, computed tomography, chest ultrasound investigation,coagulogram, allelle specific polymerase chain reaction, ultrasound investigation of the jugular, subclavian, brachial veins, vena cava superior to detect mutation of genes II, V factors and methylentetrahydrofolatereductase. RESULTS: In 7 cases prechemotherapy examination detected thrombosis of the internal jugular and subclavian veins. In 4 of 7 cases there was a combined thrombosis of the left internal jugular and subclavian veins, in 3 cases one the vessels was affected with thrombosis. In 2 cases, in the course of polychemotherapy, there was recurrent thrombosis and development of pulmonary artery thromboembolism (PATE). In progression of the disease there was thrombosis of the left subclavian vein (1 case) and PATE (a case). Coagulologically, hypercoagulation syndrome signs were registered. 5 patients with PMBL complicated by thromboses showed gene mutations. CONCLUSION: In PMBL there is a tendency to formation of venous thrombosis and development of PATE. This is explained by tumor process and hereditary factors of thrombogenicity. Therefore, specific antitumor treatment should include anticoagulation therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Study of storage stability of the commercial series of thromboplastin preparations].

The stability of commercial series of the thromboplastin preparation (obtained from rabbit brain) with calcium (TKS, Researach-and-Production Enterprise "Renam" MICH 1.1-1.2), of TKS "Tromborel" and of "Immunoplastin" (Technoclon) was comparatively studied. TKS "Renam" preserved its activity and sensitivity to factor VII in the liophilizated state for as long as 6 months. The preparations of "Renam", TKS, preserved the stable activity in the reconstructed liquid state, under the conditions of continuous storage, at 37 degrees C for 2 days, at 18-20 degrees C--for 2-3 days, and at 2-8 degrees C--for 5-7 days, which was accompanied by a stable high sensitivity to factor VII. The stability of the "Renam", TKS, was found to be similar to that of imported preparations.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Clotting factor VIII in Sneddon syndrome].

Hyperactivity of coagulation factor VIII (fVIII) marks hypercoagulation. FVIII enhances activity of factor IX and their combination activates factor X, which is of primary importance in prothrombin transformation into thrombin, on the phospholipid membrane. The activity of fVIII was studied in 28 patients (26 women, 2 men, mean age 49.6 +/- 7.8 years) with Sneddon's syndrome (SS). SS manifests clinically similarly to primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAS). The leading of them are ischemic disorders of cerebral circulation (IDCC) and advanced livedo present in all the examinees. Hyperactivity of fVIII was registered in 21 (75%) of 28 patients. Most of thrombosis-related symptoms occurred more frequently in patients with high than normal activity of fVIII: ischemic strokes (91% vs 57%, p > 0.05), repeated strokes (71% vs 0%, p = 0.0014), transient IDCC (76% vs 57%, p > 0.05), vascular dementia (43% vs 0%, p > 0.05), ischemic heart disease (43% vs 0%, p > 0.05), thickening of heart valves according to echocardiography (91% vs 57%, p > 0.05), peripheral venous thromboses (24% vs 0%, p > 0.05). In high fVIII activity cardiolipin antibodies occurred more rarely (24% vs 43%, p > 0.05) but lupus anticoagulant was seen more often (47% vs 14%, p > 0.05). High fVIII activity was in 8 of 12 aPL-negative patients. It is demonstrated that elevated fVIII activity is an essential mechanism of thrombosis development in SS. The cause of this enhanced activity is suggested to be special aPL in interaction with which fVIII becomes insensitive to inactivation with protein C. The activity of protein C was normal in all the cases.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, endotoxin and procalcitonin in septic shock in patients with hematologic neoplasms].

AIM: To study changes in proinflammatory markers and mediators in septic shock in patients with hematologic malignancy (HM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The examination of 33 patients with HM and septic shock included measurement of plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukine-6 (IL-6), endotoxin, procalcitonin (PCT) 12-24 hours before and each 12 hours after shock; registration of central hemodynamics parameters, the condition severity by APACHE II. RESULTS: Out of 33 patients 18 died of refractory shock, 15 survived the shock. Within the first shock hour TNF fell from 571.2 +/- 195 to 115.8 +/- 71.1 pg/ml (p < 0.02), later being stable. In those who died and survived TNF was the same. IL-6 fall was seen 36 hours after shock and was observed in the survivors; in those who died IL-6 was unchanged. Endotoxin in the blood was detected in 21 of 33 patients. In the survivors endotoxinemia declined after 2 days of treatment. 72 hours after beginning of the shock the survivors had no endotoxin. In shock APACH II severity of the patient's condition was graver in patients with endotoxinemia than without it (31.6 +/- 1.6 and 28.1 +/- 1.6 scores, p < 0.05). Blood endotoxin levels and APACHE II scores correlated (r = 0.24, p < 0.05) positively and negatively with deficiency of buffer bases (r = -0.29, p < 0.05) and blood pH) r = -0.3, p < 0.05), left ventricular contractility index (r = -0.46, p < 0.01) and right ventricle (r = -0.52, p < 0.01), mean AP (r = -0.22, p < 0.03). PCT concentration was lower before shock than on its hour 1 (4.2 +/- 2.9 and 6.9 +/- 1.1 ng/ml, p < 0.05). No significant changes in PCT were found later. CONCLUSION: PCT is a specific marker of a severe infection. Rapid elimination from the blood of TNF and IL-6 makes them inadequate in sepsis diagnosis. Endotoxinemia aggravates the patients condition. Positive LAL-test results were obtained in gram-negative and fungal infections.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Plasmapheresis in combine therapy of hypercoagulation syndrome in hematogenic thrombophilia].

AIM: To specify indications to plasmapheresis (PA) and to assess its efficiency in patients with hypercoagulatory syndrome in hematogenic thrombophilia (HT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: 18 patients (11 males, 7 females, age 26-50 years) with various forms of HT received standard antiaggregation, anticoagulatory therapy plus therapeutic PA. By PA technique the patients were divided into two groups. RESULTS: A positive trend in clinical, instrumental and laboratory indices was observed in all the patients. CONCLUSION: Therapeutic PA in hypercoagulation syndrome in HT patients leads to fast normalization of the clinical picture and reestablishment of patency of thrombus-affected vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular complications in patients with essential hypertension (hypertensive disease) during follow-up for many years].

Fatal and nonfatal complications (stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, sudden coronary death, chronic renal insufficiency) were registered during long term follow-up of 529 patients with hypertensive disease and results were analyzed retrospectively. Duration of ambulatory treatment in two thirds of patients exceeded 15 years. There were 243 deaths in 1993-1999. Mean age of those who died was 75 years. Main fatal complications were strokes and myocardial infarctions. Their rates were similar. Strokes comprised one third of all deaths irrespective of age. There were no significant differences between rates of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. Among causes of death proportion of sudden death was the highest in patients younger than 60 years while that of chronic heart failure rose with age. There were no cases of chronic renal failure. Atherosclerotic lesions in coronary and cerebral vessels were found at autopsies irrespective of cause of death.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Disorders of protein C anticoagulant system in various clinical conditions].

A study was carried out on activity of protein C4 in 73 surgical patients (coagulation test, reagents of company PEHAM). The reduction in activity of protein C was observed in patients with focal liver lesion related to disturbance of protein formation function. This percent of disturbances in protein C system is more often found in patients with vascular pathology. This is explained by the mechanism of its action and implication of vascular endothelium into the process. Disturbances in patients with injury infection are stipulated with activity of C and S proteins and availability of mutant factor V--factor Leiden in patients with diabetes. In the first days after surgical intervention the activity of C protein was much reduced. The obtained results emphasize the importance of research in the system of protein C in surgical patients.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMed2001

[Screening test on protein C].

A method for obtaining protein C (PrC) activator from Agkistrodon contortrix contortrix venom, based on ion exchange chromatography, has been developed specificity and sensitivity of a reagent based on ellagic acid and soybean phosphatides to disorders in PrC system has been studied. A simple and convenient screening test for analysis of PrC system has been developed.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

[Effect of composition of reagents for activated partial thromboplastin time on their sensitivity during analysis of blood coagulation factors].

Brain cephaline-based reagents for evaluating activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and soybean phosphatides with ellagic acid complex activator with intermediate metal ions have been studied. The sensitivity of these reagents to internal clotting factors (VIII and IX) and heparin is determined by phospholipid nature and type of metal. The results help obtain highly active and sensitive APTT reagents.

Factor IX↗
PubMed1999

[Test for detection of activated partial thromboplastin time using ellagic acid].

A simple and sensitive method for estimation of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) is developed, making use a complex reagent containing the activator (plant phospholipids) and contact factor (ellagic acid). The test requires additionally only 0.025 M CaCl2. The test is more sensitive to the presence of heparin in the blood and to insufficiency of blood clotting factors VIII and IX than the reagents containing insoluble substances (kaolin and animal phosphatides). Addition of soluble ellagic acid into reagent for APTT estimation allows studies on optic coagulometers.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1998

[Cytotoxic properties of pancreatic ribonuclease, modified by the surface active substance oxanol KD-6].

Pancreatic RNase modified by the surface active substance oxanole KD-6 (OxRNase) was studied in respect to its cytotoxic action on cells. The studies included in vitro and in vivo tests with intravital staining of the cells by neutral red and the 3H uridine label, as well as the test with the preparation action on fusion of lysosomes and phagosomes. It was shown that in all the tests the hydrophobised RNase had a higher cytotoxic action versus the native enzyme. The analysis of the experimental data suggested that the cytotoxicity of the hydrophobised RNase was due to its action on the cell membrane structures including the lysosome membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The mechanism of the antitumor action of Bacillus intermedius ribonuclease].

In a concentration providing the maximum in vivo antitumor action, "Bacillus intermedius" RNAase had no in vitro cytotoxic effect on the cells of lympholeukosis NK/Ly. The enzyme did not inhibit the involvement of 3H-thymidine in the DNA biosynthesis in the tumor cells cultivated in vitro. A preliminary in vitro exposure of the cells to the enzyme did not influence their inoculation capacity. It was concluded that the mechanism of the enzyme antitumor action was not associated with the inhibition of the tumor cell viability. It was shown to be due to the activation of the intermediate effector system. The suggested mechanism of the mediated RNAse action on the tumor growth includes stimulation of the host immunity or removal/restriction of the tumor systemic action on the host.

Animals↗