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Biomedical subjects

E W Berg

Publications and source records attributed to E W Berg.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Awareness of substance abuse in orthopedic patients: a survey of orthopedic surgeons.

We surveyed 178 orthopedic physicians in the Washington, DC, area to ascertain the effect on patient care of previous education in the area of drug and alcohol issues. The return rate was 75%. Of the respondents, 99% were male, average age was 46.7 years (+/- 9.3), and average number of years in practice was 15.2 (+/- 9.6). A majority of respondents indicated that they did not have training in the abuse potential of analgesics (92 [69%]), characteristics of benzodiazepine abuse (77 [58%]), or when to seek the assistance of an addiction medicine specialist for patients with chronic pain (106 [80%]). Only 41 (31%) of the orthopedists indicated that they inquire about alcohol and drug use before prescribing opiates for more than a week. We offer suggestions for self-education for interested physicians.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1989

Weight-bearing porous fiber titanium implants in rat tibia: a restricted growth model for comparison of normal and pathological bone repair.

An experimental model in rats for comparison of bone repair under normal and pathological conditions is described. The low cost of rats and the simple surgical procedure used allow large-scale studies. Although clinical implications must be interpreted with care, our model may prove useful in the attempt to understand how various drugs and metabolic disorders may affect bone healing. We used porous fiber titanium implants to replace a segment of the right proximal tibia in rats. The void space to be filled with bone represented a known and constant volume allowing a direct comparison between differently treated groups. Selected parameters for bone ingrowth could be expressed in terms of growth curves as a function of time, using a mathematical equation for restricted growth. The following parameters for quantity and quality of the ingrown bone were monitored: micromoles calcium as parameter for amount; calcium/hydroxyproline molar ratio for extent of mineralization; calcium/phosphorus molar ratio for maturity of minerals; and ultimate bending stress for strength of the bone-implant interface. With this model we have studied the effect that cis-platinum, an anticancer drug that is used in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma, has on bone repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Correlation of mechanical properties of vertebral trabecular bone with equivalent mineral density as measured by computed tomography.

We tried to determine whether mineral-equivalent measurements that were obtained using computed tomography could be used to predict the mechanical properties of vertebral trabecular bone. Vertebral bodies that had been obtained during routine autopsy were evaluated by computed tomography. The mechanical properties of the vertebral trabecular bone were determined by subjecting cylindrical specimens to simple compression until failure occurred. The ultimate strength and elastic modulus were determined from load time curves, using constant displacement rate loading. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was used to determine the weight per cent calcium of each specimen, and quantitative light microscopy was used to determine area fraction bone. Significant positive correlations were found between the observed mechanical properties of the trabecular bone and the equivalent mineral density as measured by computed tomography. Compressive strength (r = 0.720), elastic modulus (r = 0.574), trabecular calcium density (r = 0.780), and area fraction bone (r = 0.579) were all correlated with the equivalent mineral density.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Efficacy of double-gloving as a barrier to microbial contamination during total joint arthroplasty.

UNLABELLED: After ten total hip replacements in which a double-glove technique was used, 275 outer and inner gloves were tested for microbial contamination and for holes. The operating rooms were equipped with specially designed air-filtration mechanisms. The results indicated that the gloves that most frequently were contaminated were the ones used exclusively for draping. This finding suggests that using a separate pair of outer gloves only for draping is a valuable technique during total hip replacement. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Although the practice of using double gloves during a total joint-replacement procedure is accepted widely, there is little evidence that double-gloving actually decreases microbial contamination. The results of this study indicate that changing outer gloves at appropriate times during the procedure is indeed an important way to minimize contamination.

Antisepsis↗