Biomedical subjects

E W Cameron

Publications and source records attributed to E W Cameron.

65 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

PubMed1978

The bacteriology of chronic destructive pneumonia.

Thirty-four patients with chronic destructive pneumonia (CDP) were investigated bacteriologically and mycologically; specimens were obtained by transtracheal aspiration, percutaneous lung puncture, and open lung biopsy. Anaerobes were isolated in the absence of aerobes in 1 case while specimens from 9 patients yielded aerobes only. In 16 patients both groups of organisms were cultured. Streptococcus viridans was isolated in 12 cases and fungi in 2 cases. Specimens from 8 patients were sterile on culture. All patients had been treated with various antibiotic combinations before specimens were taken. Aerobes, particularly Gram-positive cocci, and anaerobes probably play an important synergistic role in the pathogenesis of CDP.

Black or African American↗

PubMed1978

Tuberculosis and mediastinoscopy.

Biopsy of lymph nodes at mediastinoscopy has been the method of diagnosis of tuberculosis in 14 patients; Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from the nodes in nine cases, and in five there was histological evidence of the disease but cultural confirmation was lacking. All patients had radiographic abnormality of the superior mediastinum, and a frequent finding at mediastinoscopy was mediastinal fibrosis involving the fascia and lymph nodes. No cause other than tuberculosis could be demonstrated to account for the mediastinal fibrosis, and the patients made clinical recoveries in response to standard courses of antituberculosis chemotherapy. The development of superior vena caval compression was not observed.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

The treatment of pleuropulmonary amebiasis with metronidazole.

One hundred forty patients with pleuropulmonary amebiasis were classified radiographically in order to rationalize therapy based on the use of metronidazole. Amebic testing with gel diffusion, serial chest x-ray films, and observation of the patient's response to treatment have dominated management of the patients, 135 of whom made a successful recovery. Five patients died. Sixty percent of the surviving patients have been reviewed at a follow-up clinic, and there has been no instance of recurrence of amebiasis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Surgical treatment of chronic destructive pneumonia.

During an 8-year period 78 patients underwent operation for chronic destructive pneumonia (CDP) at Wentworth Hospital. The indications for operative treatment are described and the results of treatment presented. Of the 78 patients, 12 died during or after operation and 27 developed postoperative complications which required further surgical intervention. This high morbidity and mortality rate is contrasted with results achieved in the operative treatment of bronchiectasis and pulmonary tuberculosis. The complications are caused by haemorrhage and by pleural or pulmonary infection. Control of infective complication depends on the elucidation of the aetiology of CDP.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Percutaneous drainage in the treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae lung abscess.

Seven cases of lung abscess involving Klebsiella pneumoniae with or without other pathogens presented with gross expansion of the involved lobes or segments and severe clinical illness despite medical treatment. Operative management by rib resection and tube drainage was successful in each case, one of which was found to be an infected cryptococcoma. Postoperative bronchograms were made in six cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

The transdiaphragmatic approach to the heart.

A modification of the transdiaphragmatic approach to the heart is described. The technique has been used successfully in both adults and children, the youngest child being 8 years of age. The approach has advantages over others in gaining access to the heart for purposes of internal cardiac massage and drainage of suppurative pericarditis and is also a suitable manaeuvre in the surgical treatment of acute tamponade. Clinical experience in the use of this approach is summarized. The transdiaphragmatic approach is recommended as a standard technique for internal cardiac massage.

Adult↗

PubMed1975

Primary sarcoma of the lung.

Primary sarcoma of lung is defined to exclude sarcomata of lymphatic origin. A series of nine patients is presented, all of whom were seen in Edinburgh. In each case there is histological proof of the diagnosis or sarcoma. From the same population and during the same period of time, 6000 cases of bronchial carcinoma presented. Eight of the nine patients underwent resection of the tumour, and the pathological findings and clinical results are described. From a review of the literature and from the Edinburgh series, a general series of 59 cases of primary sarcoma of the lung has been selected. The criteria for selection were directed at the assessment of the results of surgery in the treatment of this lesion. The five-year survival rate after 'curative' surgery is 52%, and the prognosis after surgery does not appear to depend on the radical nature of the operation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Surgical management of staphylococcal pericarditis.

The surgical management of 10 patients with staphylococcal pericarditis is described. Of the 10, seven were children aged 12 years or under. A variety of procedures was used to drain the pericardium at open operation; these included left anterior thoracotomy, left anterolateral thoracotomy, median sternotomy, and the transdiaphragmatic approach to the pericardium. The pathological findings at operation are described. Two patients died; one of the deaths was related to the operation, the other was not. The remained eight patients were ultimately well although two required reoperation before recovery was achieved. After the initial diagnosis of pyopericardium, early consideration of operative drainage is advocated. An effective means of surgical management is dependent, open drainage of the pericardium approach by the transdiaphragmatic route.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ruptured hemidiaphragm: unusual late presentation.

Diaphragmatic injuries may be undiagnosed in the acute posttraumatic period and may remain unrecognized despite a variety of chronic symptoms, until eventual emergency department presentation with an intestinal obstruction. We present a case of a female who experienced chronic chest pain during coitus that eventuated in an acute admission with an intrathoracic mesentero-axial volvulus of the stomach, 8 months after a motor vehicle accident. The literature regarding delayed presentation of a ruptured hemidiaphragm is reviewed.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Wound colonisation following cardiac surgery. Reduction by adjuvant use of preincisional, presternal antibiotic infiltration: a double blind prospective randomised study.

In a double blind, prospective, randomised study of 100 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery, a significant (p less than 0.01) reduction in wound colonisation, defined as positive culture of any wound discharge irrespective of wound appearance, occurred in those receiving preincisional presternal antibiotic infiltration (2%) as compared to a control group who received a similar volume of normal saline by the same route (24%). Both groups received, in addition, the same conventional intravenous regimen of broad spectrum antibiotic. A comparable concurrent group of patients, not entered into the study, demonstrated a wound colonisation rate similar to the trial control group (22%), thus excluding an adverse bias from the control saline infiltration. Analysis of control cases demonstrated a significant (p less than 0.001) discriminant effect in the degree of preoperative haemodilution with haematocrit falling on bypass by a mean of 25% in those who developed wound colonisation as compared to 13% in those who did not.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus.

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus, first recognized as a primary tumor by de la Pava et al. in 1963, is rare. It usually presents as an aggressive polypoidal darkly colored or non-pigmented tumor in the mid to lower esophagus which may be diagnosed preoperatively by the use of immunohistochemical stains such as HMB-45 (melanoma specific antigen). The treatment of choice is surgical resection however the overall prognosis is poor with only 4 per cent of patients surviving 5 years.

Aged↗