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E W Hall

Publications and source records attributed to E W Hall.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Complement levels in septic primates treated with anti-C5a antibodies.

During gram-negative sepsis it is known that endotoxin activates complement by the alternate pathway. The complement anaphylatoxin C5a, a result of this activation, is thought to play a key role in attracting and activating neutrophils in the lungs, leading to the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Complement levels were measured in primates made septic by Escherichia coli infusions. Anti-human C5a antibodies were administered to study their effect on neutrophil-mediated lung injury. Control (I), septic (II) and septic + anti-C5a antibody (III) groups (n = 4) were studied. The antibody-treated group (III) demonstrated a significant attenuation of septic shock and pulmonary edema as has been previously reported. All complement profiles were corrected for varying hemoglobin concentrations. C3, C4, and C5 levels were measured by radial immunodiffusion and were depleted in both septic groups. Once the levels were depleted from the plasma, they did not recover. The depletion of C4 indicates that classical pathway activation also occurred. C3a, C4a, and C5a levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Significantly increased peak levels were reached in the septic groups 15 min after initiation of the E. coli infusion. There were no significant differences in early peak C3a and C4a levels between groups II and III. However, the mean peak C5a level in group III (anti-C5a antibodies) was 42% lower than that in group II, and after this early peak, C5a levels were not elevated above control levels in group III. The antibody to human C5a was thus shown to be cross-reactive with primate C5a and was specific since C3a and C4a levels were not decreased in group III.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Pulmonary edema after Escherichia coli peritonitis correlates with thiobarbituric-acid-reactive materials in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

We developed a new model of acute lung injury caused by live Escherichia coli peritonitis in guinea pigs. Arterial blood gas determinations, arterial blood pressure, and white blood cell counts were monitored serially for 12 h after the injection of either 2 x 10(9) E. coli J96 or saline. Lung water, albumin concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and in lung tissue, WBC counts in BALF, and thiobarbituric-acid-reactive materials (TBARM) in plasma, lung tissue, and BALF were examined. Increased TBARM might be associated with pulmonary injury and are produced either by the generation of lipoperoxides secondary to oxygen-free radicals or as metabolic byproducts of prostanoid metabolism. Lung tissue sections were studied by light microscopy. E. coli peritonitis, as compared with control animals, caused significant peripheral neutropenia, histopathologic evidence of lung inflammation, acidosis, and hypotension. The wet-to-dry lung ratio was increased in the peritonitis group when compared with that in the control group (p less than 0.01). Pulmonary edema in the peritonitis group was associated with significantly increased albumin concentrations in BALF and lung tissue. We report the new finding of increased TBARM concentrations in BALF after E. coli peritonitis (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05, respectively). In contrast, plasma TBARM concentrations were unchanged. The levels of TBARM in the BALF correlated significantly with both lung water (p less than 0.01) and lung tissue albumin concentration (p less than 0.01). The measurement of elevated TBARM in BALF may allow acute lung injury to be detected. We conclude that this model may be useful for further studies of acute lung injury caused by E. coli peritonitis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Isaacs Endometrial Cell Sampler. An evaluation in 100 patients with postmenopausal bleeding.

The Curity Isaacs Endometrial Cell Sampler was used to obtain cytologic material from 100 consecutive patients presenting with postmenopausal bleeding. It was followed by uterine curettage to obtain material for histology. Satisfactory endometrial aspiration smears were obtained from 92 patients, whereas curettage yielded endometrial tissue in only 48. Of 17 patients with histologic confirmation of malignancy, 7 had smears diagnosed as showing malignancy, and 7 had smears showing hyperplastic changes; 3 of the aspiration smears were judged to be unsatisfactory for cytologic evaluation. All the carcinomas were found in the hyperplastic, malignant or unsatisfactory smears. This technique is worthy of further study.

Cell Nucleus↗