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Biomedical subjects

E W Jacobs

Publications and source records attributed to E W Jacobs.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Practical tips for assessment and management of vulvar and vaginal human papillomavirus.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been strongly associated with intraepithelial neoplasia and cancers of the lower genital tract. Due to either better detection or increased incidence of this infection, there is a greater demand for colposcopy. Historically, clinicians have focused their colposcopic investigation on the cervix, often neglecting evaluation of the vulva and vagina. Because HPV is a multicentric disease, these areas should not be overlooked. Nurse colposcopists need to assess and manage women who have HPV-related vulvovaginal lesions that are either symptomatic or have the potential to advance to cancer.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Stochastic resonance in a single neuron model: theory and analog simulation.

Here, we consider a noisy, bistable, single neuron model in the presence of periodic external modulation. The modulation induces a correlated switching between states driven by the noise. The information flow through the system, from the modulation, or signal, to the output switching events, leads to a succession of strong peaks in the power spectrum. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) obtained from this power spectrum is a measure of the information content in the neuron response. With increasing noise intensity, the SNR passes through a maximum: an effect which has been called stochastic resonance, and which was first advanced as a possible explanation of the observed periodicity in the recurrences of the Earth's ice ages. We treat the problem within the framework of a recently developed approximate theory, valid in the limits of weak noise intensity, weak periodic forcing and low forcing frequency, for both additive and multiplicative noise. Moreover, we have constructed an analog simulator of the neuron which demonstrates the stochastic resonance effect, and with which we have measured the SNRs for comparison with the theoretical results. Our model should be of interest in situations where a single inherently noisy neuron is the receptor of a periodic signal, which is itself noisy, either from the network or from an external source.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Noise effects in an electronic model of a single neuron.

We consider a simple electronic circuit model of a single neuron. The neuron is assumed to be driven by an external signal comprising constant (dc) and random components. In addition, the nonlinearity parameter in the circuit is assumed to fluctuate, thereby giving rise to critical behavior including the onset of hysteresis phenomena even for system parameter values that would not otherwise support such behavior. This "noise-induced critical behavior" is analysed, in the long time limit, through a study of the probability density function describing the neural response.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Professional attitudes of Ohio pharmacists working in three practice settings.

The attitudes of pharmacists in three practice settings toward a set of attributes associated with professionalism were studied. A questionnaire that included the 40-item Shack and Hepler professionalism instrument was mailed to 1999 pharmacists in Ohio. Responses from 617 pharmacists who worked in hospital, independent community, or chain community pharmacy practice were used. There were significant differences between the responses of pharmacists who worked in the different practice settings (multivariate analysis of variance, p less than 0.01). However, the practice setting accounted for less than 10% of the variance in the responses. Statistically significant differences were also observed when the pharmacists were grouped according to sex, years since graduation, degree, and job position; however, less than 8% of the variance in the responses could be explained by the demographic variables. There did not appear to be any practical differences in beliefs about professional attributes among pharmacists working in hospital, independent community, and chain community practice settings.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1987

Acceptability of cholestyramine or colestipol combinations with six vehicles.

Preferences for cholestyramine or colestipol in combination with orange drink, orange juice, grape juice, apple juice, water, or apple sauce were evaluated in 40 healthy adults. Each subject evaluated the taste, texture, and smell of 30-mL samples of 12 drug-vehicle combinations (two drugs, six vehicles) using modified five-point wine-tasting scales. Samples were prepared to contain either cholestyramine 1.0 g or colestipol hydrochloride 1.3 g. The products were tested at room temperature and were administered in a random order. Subjects and observers were blinded to the identity of the products. Acceptability scores for taste, texture, and smell were significantly higher for cholestyramine than for colestipol. Total mean preference scores for cholestyramine-vehicle combinations ranged from 9.9 to 11.7; for colestipol, 6.3 to 8.9. Orange drink, apple juice, grape juice, and orange juice were the preferred vehicles for cholestyramine. The preferred vehicles for colestipol were orange drink, apple sauce, and apple juice.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Reconstruction of a large chest wall defect using greater omentum.

A 56-year-old woman was admitted for treatment of a large carcinoma that involved the chest wall. Fourteen years earlier, she had undergone a radical mastectomy, which was followed by chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The carcinoma was excised and the large anterior chest wall defect reconstructed using Marlex mesh, an omental pedicle flap, and a split-thickness skin graft.

Female↗