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Biomedical subjects

E W King

Publications and source records attributed to E W King.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Effects of NMDA and non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists on the development and maintenance of hyperalgesia induced by repeated intramuscular injection of acidic saline.

Two unilateral injections of pH 4.0 saline into the gastrocnemius muscle result in a bilateral decrease in mechanical withdrawal threshold after the second injection. This decrease is significant by 4h and lasts through 1 week. The purpose of this study was to characterize the involvement of both N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and non-NMDA glutamate receptors in the spinal cord dorsal horn in the development and maintenance of mechanical hyperalgesia from repeated intramuscular injections of acidic saline. 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (AP5) (2-20 nmol, 10 microl, pH 7) or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-nitro-2,3-dioxo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide (NBQX) (1-10 nmol, 10 microl, pH 8-9) was administered intrathecally to the lumbar spinal cord to block NMDA and non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors in the dorsal horn, respectively. Drugs were administered at one of three different time points: (1) prior to the first intramuscular injection of pH 4.0 saline on Day 0, (2) prior to the second intramuscular injection of pH 4.0 saline on Day 5, and (3) 1 week after the second injection. Mechanical withdrawal thresholds were measured with von Frey filaments before, 4h, and 24h after injection 1 and before, 4h, 24h, and 1 week after injection 2. AP5 had no effect on mechanical withdrawal thresholds when administered prior to the first intramuscular injection of pH 4.0 saline. When AP5 was administered before the second intramuscular injection, the bilateral decrease in mechanical withdrawal thresholds was delayed for up to 24h. Intrathecal administration of AP5 1 week after the second intramuscular injection of pH 4.0 saline produced a bilateral increase in mechanical withdrawal thresholds. Blockade of non-NMDA glutamate receptors in the spinal cord dorsal horn prior to either the first or second intramuscular injection of pH 4.0 saline had no effect on the development of mechanical hyperalgesia. However, spinal injection of NBQX 1 week after the second intramuscular injection of pH 4.0 saline resulted in an increase in mechanical withdrawal thresholds when compared to vehicle controls. These data suggest that both NMDA and non-NMDA glutamate receptors are involved in the maintenance of chronic, muscle-induced hyperalgesia.

2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate↗
PubMed2001

The effect of varying frequency and intensity of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on secondary mechanical hyperalgesia in an animal model of inflammation.

For years, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been used clinically for the treatment of many types of pain. Although there have been many studies conducted on the efficacy of TENS in the clinical setting, the results are conflicting. The purpose of our investigation was to determine the effect of varying frequency and intensity of TENS on secondary mechanical hyperalgesia induced by acute joint inflammation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with a mixture of 3% carrageenan and 3% kaolin (100 microL in 0.9% sterile saline) into the joint cavity of one knee. The response threshold to mechanical stimuli was determined before inflammation of the knee joint; 4 hours after inflammation; immediately after the administration of TENS (approximately 5 hours after inflammation); and at 8, 12, and 24 hours after inflammation. TENS was applied to the inflamed knee joint at either high (100 Hz) or low (4 Hz) frequency and at either sensory or motor intensity. Sensory intensity was just below the threshold for motor contraction, and motor intensity was 2 x threshold for motor contraction. Either low- or high-frequency TENS is equally successful in reducing secondary mechanical hyperalgesia. Similarly, either sensory- or motor-intensity TENS equally reduces secondary mechanical hyperalgesia. Thus, selection of TENS should be based on patient comfort and symptoms for relief of secondary mechanical hyperalgesia.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Nurse practitioner liability and authority.

Nurse practitioners are being held to a higher professional standard. No longer can nurses assume that their practice is protected by physicians and hospitals. Current trends indicate that nurse practitioners are accountable for their actions and are liable for malpractice. Legislation regulating the practice of nurse practitioners varies from state to state; differing opinions among nurses, physicians, and legislators account for some of these variances. The ultimate goal of the health care professions is the delivery of safe, effective, cost-efficient health care. Nurse practitioners are helping to achieve this goal.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Death takes a holiday: mortality surrounding major social occasions.

To determine whether death can be postponed until after an important social occasion the number of deaths before and after the Jewish holiday of Passover (1966-84) were compared. Passover was chosen for study because it allows comparison of the participating and non-participating (control) groups, and it moves around the calendar (thus allowing separation of the effects of the holiday from the effects of the seasons). In the total Jewish sample (n = 1919), the number of deaths was lower than expected in the week before Passover and higher than expected in the week after (p = 0.045). This dip-peak pattern of mortality was concentrated among people with unambiguously Jewish surnames (p = 0.003) and did not appear in various control groups, including Blacks, Orientals, and Jewish infants. The pattern was most pronounced in the years when the holiday fell on a weekend, when it is most likely to be celebrated by the largest number of people (n = 183; p = 0.001). This pattern was statistically significant by binomial tests and by regression analyses of the data. The Passover pattern of mortality was found in each of the three leading causes of death.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of Dupuytren's contracture by extensive fasciectomy through multiple Y-V--plasty incisions: short-term evaluation of 170 consecutive operations.

The zigzag incision with Y-V closure has unique advantages for the treatment of Dupuytren's disease. Much skin can be mobilized to the longitudinal finger axis. There is rarely a need for skin grafting in spite of full correction of the deformity. This approach, combined with properly applied tamponade bulk dressing, allows for early use of the hand with minimal morbidity.

Dupuytren Contracture↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ambulation-abduction treatment in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD).

Ambulation-abduction treatment in LCPD was proven to be highly successful under conditions of careful selection and proper application. Biologic plasticity of the regenerating capital femoral epiphysis is responsive to the molding forces of a normal acetabulum when the epiphysis is properly centralized. Anatomic studies indicate that less than 50% of the articular surface of the femoral head is in contact with the acetabular surface at a given time, leading to points of high pressure on the contacting surfaces which may adversely affect anatomic recovery. Accordingly, recent trends have been toward ambulation-abduction with preserved motion in the hip joint. This article is a report of 2 recent series of patients treated by ambulation-abduction; one group was treated with a fixed device and the other with a mobile device. The results suggest superior anatomic restitution when some degree of hip motion is allowed in the orthosis.

Braces↗