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Biomedical subjects

E W Outerbridge

Publications and source records attributed to E W Outerbridge.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Peripheral total parenteral nutrition for premature infants with the respiratory distress syndrome: a controlled study.

In 40 premature infants, in whom severe respiratory distress precluded oral feeding, peripheral total parenteral nutrition consisting of casein hydrosylate, dextrose, and soybean emulsion was compared to nutrition with dextrose and electrolytes. The TPN group received more calories, and the total serum protein in them increased significantly. Metabolic complications did not occur. Transient thrombocytosis occurred in six infants who received TPN and eosinophilia occurred in nine. The case fatality rate in the TPN group (three of 20) was not significantly less than in the glucose group (six of 20). The differences suggested that infants who weigh less than 1,500 gm may receive the greater benefit from TPN.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1977

Long-term pulmonary sequelae of premature birth with and without idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

Seven children born prematurely who survived the respiratory distress syndrome, seven children born prematurely who had no neonatal lung disease, and seven normal children born at term were studied by comparison of flow volume curves obtained while breathing air to those obtained while breathing 80% helium and 20% oxygen. Expiratory flow rates in air both groups of prematurely born children were lower than flow rates of the children born at term, and the volumes of iso-flow were higher in the survivors of RDS than those of the children born at term. The differences in flow rates in air suggest an increase in large airway resistance in both groups of prematurely born children. It is speculated that this may be secondary to growth retardation related to prematurity. The elevated Viso V in the RDS group suggests an increase in small airway resistance secondary to the disease or to its therapy.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1975

Early versus late introduction of continuous negative pressure in the management of the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

To evaluate the effectiveness of the early application of continuous negative pressure about the thorax, 23 infants with the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome who had adequate alveolar ventilation were assigned to early or late application of CNP. There were 11 infants in the early CNP and 12 in the late CNP group. There were no differences between the two groups with respect to birth weight, gestational age, age at admission to the study, initial FIO2 requirements, or initial PaO2, PaCo2, and AaPO2. None of the ENCP patients required mechanical ventilation, whereas four of the LCNP group did so. The FIO2 requirements were significantly less for the ECNP infants when compared to the LCNP ones. The mean duration of FIO2 requirements greater than 0.6 was 28.3 hours for those receiving ECNP and 60.7 hours for those in LCNP (P LESS THAN 0.05). This study suggests that the course of RDS may be modified by the early application of CNP.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1970

Negative pressure artificial respiration: use in treatment of respiratory failure of the newborn.

Ninety-one infants with respiratory failure secondary to primary pulmonary disease and with a birth weight of 1000 g. or over have been managed in a negative-pressure respirator (Air-Shields) over a three-year period. Of these the failure in 87 was due to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and in four it resulted from massive meconium aspiration. Respiratory failure was indicated initially by arterial blood gas tensions (while breathing 100% O(2)) of Po(2) <40 mm. Hg, pH <7.10 and Pco(2) >75 mm. Hg in the initial 47 cases; these levels were subsequently raised to Po(2) < 50 mm. Hg, pH <7.20 and Pco(2) >70 mm. Hg for the remainder. Fifty-four (59.3%) of the infants survived the use of the respirator and 47 of these (51.6%) were subsequently discharged alive and well. Mean time in hours to normalization of blood gas values while on the respirator were as follows: for Po(2), 10.5; for pH, 11.6; and for Pco(2), 22.6. These values indicate that the respirator is more efficient in promoting oxygenation (raising Po(2)) than ventilation (lowering Pco(2)). They also suggest that the observed acidosis is in large part secondary to the hypoxia rather than the result of co(2) retention. For the survivors the average time of total respirator dependency before commencement of weaning was 53.7 hours. All the infants were managed without the use of endotracheal tubes although the use of the respirator and/or administration of 100% oxygen were either continuous or intermittent for periods of up to two weeks. There have been no instances of so-called respirator lung disease in the survivors or in those who died, which suggests that the use of high oxygen concentration by itself is not the major factor in the pathogenesis of this complication.

Age Factors↗