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Biomedical subjects

E W Swenson

Publications and source records attributed to E W Swenson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Pulmonary changes during marathon training: a longitudinal study.

The purposes of this study were (1) to confirm whether there were any differences between observed and predicted scores based on age, height, and sex in forced vital capacity (FVC), 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1.0), FEV1.0/FVC ratio, functional residual capacity (FRC), total lung capacity (TLC, FRC/TLC ratio, residual volume (RV), RV/TLC ratio, diffusing capacity of lungs for carbon monoxide (DCO), alveolar-capillary permeability (k'CO), and alveolar volume (VA) for 2 middle-aged non-smoking men who trained for and competed in three annual 26.2-mile marathon races and (2) to determine the magnitude and direction of changes in the observed scores for the three annual tests. The subjects trained from 45 to 70 miles/week for 52 weeks during the 3-year period. In the week after their annual marathon run they were measured in the above pulmonary variables. For the 3-year period of training subject A improved five pulmonary variables (TLC, FRC, FRC/TLC ratio, DCO, and k'CO) and had small decreases in function of the other six variables. Likewise, subject B improved three pulmonary variables (FRC, FRC/TLC ratio, and k'CO) and had small decreases in function of the other eight variables. It is not possible to draw statistical inferences to other populations from this data, but it does indicate that these subjects are in a state of good-to-great pulmonary health. Although random variations may account for some of the changes for these 2 subjects, it is possible that marathon training has inhibited some of the deterioration in pulmonary function as predicted from the regression with age by Kory.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Flunisolide metabolism and dynamics of a metabolite.

Flunisolide (6 alpha-fluoro-11 beta,16 alpha,17 alpha,21-tetrahydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 16,17-acetonide) is a potent corticoid used clinically in topical formulations. Three men were given single 2-mg intravenous and oral doses of 14C-labeled flunisolide and plasma and urine concentrations of flunisolide and a major metabolite, 6 beta,11 beta,16 alpha,17 alpha,21-penta-hydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione 16,17-acetonide (6 beta-OH metabolite) were determined. Oral flunisolide was metabolized rapidly and extensively to the 6 beta-OH metabolite and to conjugates; comparison in the intravenous dose kinetics suggested significant first-pass metabolism. In a separate study in 12 normal subjects, flunisolide in plasma was quantitated by radioimmunoassay (RIA); average systemic availability was 20%. The apparent volume of distribution (Vd beta) of flunisolide was large and systemic clearance and apparent oral clearance values were high. The 6 beta-OH metabolite had corticoid activities no more than 3 times that of hydrocortisone in rats as measured by thymolytic, anti-inflammatory, and adrenal-suppressive assays, whereas flunisolide had 180 to 550 times the activity of hydrocortisone. These data offer a metabolic explanation for the clinical observation that flunisolide can be administered intranasally and by inhalation in therapeutically effective doses without causing significant reduction in adrenal function.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Crippled lung: variations on a theme by Macleod.

We have studied nine male patients (age 18 to 68 years) with radiographic and physiologic evidence of an abnormally small lung on one side (three right and six left). All had had a childhood pneumonia or bronchiolitis and eight had chronic or recurrent bronchitis and exertional dyspnea. Radiography showed two of the small lungs to be hypolucent while seven were hyperlucent. Bronchography revealed evidence of bilateral chronic bronchitis in all with saccular bronchiectasis in three. Angiography showed strikingly diminished vascularity to the smaller lung. Spirometry revealed airway obstruction in seven of the patients. All had pulmonary arterial hypertension. Radiospirometry showed that the small lung had on the average 30% of the total ventilation but only 15% of the perfusion. Washout of 133 Xe was extremely slow in radiolucent regions. We suggest the name "crippled lung" syndrome for this entity because it is purely descriptive and encompasses several clinical variants. It also avoids the pitfalls of etiologic implication (acquired-congenital). Clinical or subclinical bronchitis seems to be common in these patients and the prime goal in therapy must be to combat the tendency towards airway infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Arterial-venous differences across the lungs in plasma triglyceride concentration.

Arterial-venous differences in plasma triglyceride across the lungs were determined in healthy human subjects before, during and following infusion of a soybean oil emulsion into the superior vena cava. Samples were acquired from the pulmonary and brachial arteries. A significantly greater mean concentration of triglyceride in venous as opposed to arterial blood was evident following 12 min of infusion (pless than 0.001), with a tendency for the retained lipid to be released during the postinfusion period. It could be calculated that during infusion the lungs retained about 20% of the available triglyceride, or 3 mmol/min.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Tracheal mucous transport in Beagles after long-term exposure to 1 ppm sulfur dioxide.

Tracheal mucous velocity was determined in eight purebred beagle dogs exposed intermittently to 1 ppm sulfur dioxide for 12 months. Three control dogs were also studied. Teflon disks filmed at constant speed through a bronchofiberscope served as indicators of mucous motion. An average of 16 disks were analyzed in each dog. Although there was no significant difference in average velocity for controls and the SO-2-exposed animals, the frequency distribution curve of individual disk velocities in SO-2-exposed dogs revealed significant slowing. No significant differences in mechanics of breathing and gas exchange were found between the two groups. It appears that long-term exposure to low levels of SO-2 produces an impairment of mucociliary activity as one of the first signs of pulmonary dysfunction.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Pulmonary function evaluation of the lung resection candidate: a prospective study.

In the past, preoperative pulmonary function abnormalities have identified a group of patients in danger of postoperative cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality. We selected a group of 56 patients, each of whom had a lung mass and had demonstrated significant abnormalities in screening pulmonary function. By using temporary unilateral pulmonary artery occlusion and quantitative macroaggregate lung scanning, we then studied these patients for split pulmonary function. Those patients whose noncancerous lung had a calculated forced expiratory volume in 1 sec greater than 800 ml and a circulation that could accommodate all of the cardiac output without producing hypertension or arterial hypoxemia were offered thoracotomy. Of the 56 patients, we judged 6 to be physiologically inoperable and did not offer surgery. Another 4 patients were not offered surgery, and 4 refused surgery. Forty-two patients underwent surgical exploration-of these, 17 then had a pneumonectomy and 13, a lobectomy. Of the 30 patients resected, 6 died in surgery (4 from respiratory insufficiency). These cardiorespiratory mortality rates (neumonectomy, 17.6 per cent; lobectomy, 7.7 per cent) are lower than those reported previously when patients had equivalent pulmonary function abnormality. A follow-up of 49 of 56 patients revealed that 59 per cent of the patients undergoing either pneumonectomy or lobectomy were still living 1 to 3 years after the resection. Our results suggested that the preoperative testing of split pulmonary function permitted an attempt at surgery in patients who might otherwise be considered inoperable by history, physical examination, screening pulmonary function tests alone.

Aged↗