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E Walser

Publications and source records attributed to E Walser.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Regional disposal of intravenously infused glucose during prolonged hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia.

We measured splanchnic and leg glucose uptake during prolonged (i.e., 15 hours), moderate hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia (clamp). Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration was maintained at basal concentration during the clamp via infusion of exogenous lipids and heparin in healthy volunteers to create a metabolic profile similar to glucose intolerance (i.e., hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia with elevated FFA concentration). During the clamp, glucose was infused at an average rate of 49 +/- 4 micromol/kg/min, which resulted in a plasma glucose concentration of 8.8 +/- 0.5 mmol/L compared with a concentration of 4.4 +/- 0.2 mmol/L in the basal state (P < 0.05). Insulin concentration increased from 5.5 +/- 1.1 microU/mL (basal) to 31.3 +/- 12.7 microU/mL (clamp; P < 0.05), whereas plasma FFA concentration was similar in the two conditions (3.9 +/- 0.5 mmol/L and 4.1 +/- 0.5 mmol/L, basal and clamp, respectively). Glucose balance across the splanchnic region switched from net release (-5.8 +/- 0.7 micromol/kg/min) in the basal state to net uptake in the clamp (19.8 +/- 3.7 micromol/kg/min; P < 0.05) and accounted for approximately 40% of the infused glucose. Glucose uptake across the leg was 0.7 +/- 0.2 micromol/kg/min (basal) and 5.5 +/- 2.2 micromol/kg/min (clamp; P < 0.05). In summary, tissues in the splanchnic region (i.e., liver) are important for disposal of intravenously infused glucose during prolonged, moderate hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia. Accelerated hepatic glucose uptake may disrupt normal liver metabolism, with potentially dangerous consequences for the patient. Measures to control systemic glucose concentration may be necessary to prevent excessive glucose disposal in the liver.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Effect of hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia on whole body and regional fatty acid metabolism.

The effects of combined hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia on whole body, splanchnic, and leg fatty acid metabolism were determined in five volunteers. Catheters were placed in a femoral artery and vein and a hepatic vein. U-13C-labeled fatty acids were infused, once in the basal state and, on a different occasion, during infusion of dextrose (clamp; arterial glucose 8.8 +/- 0.5 mmol/l). Lipids and heparin were infused together with the dextrose to maintain plasma fatty acid concentrations at basal levels. Fatty acid availability in plasma and fatty acid uptake across the splanchnic region and the leg were similar during the basal and clamp experiments. Dextrose infusion decreased fatty acid oxidation by 51.8% (whole body), 47.4% (splanchnic), and 64.3% (leg). Similarly, the percent fatty acid uptake oxidized decreased at the whole body level (53 to 29%), across the splanchnic region (30 to 13%), and in the leg (48 to 22%) during the clamp. We conclude that, in healthy men, combined hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia inhibits fatty acid oxidation to a similar extent at the whole body level, across the leg, and across the splanchnic region, even when fatty acid availability is constant.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Regional acetate kinetics and oxidation in human volunteers.

We have used a 3-h primed continuous infusion of [1,2-13C]acetate in five fasted (24 h) volunteers to quantify splanchnic and leg acetate metabolism (protocol 1). Fractional extraction of acetate by both tissues was high ( approximately 70%), and simultaneous uptake and release of acetate were observed. Labeled carbon recovery in CO2 was 37.9 +/- 2.3% at the whole body level, 37.7 +/- 1.5% across the splanchnic bed, and 37.3 +/- 2.9% across the leg. Furthermore, we calculated whole body labeled carbon recovery during 15 h of [1, 2-13C]acetate infusion in three volunteers (protocol 2). Whole body acetate carbon recovery in CO2 was significantly higher (66.7 +/- 4. 5%) after 15 h of tracer infusion than after 3 h. We conclude that acetate is rapidly taken up by the leg and splanchnic tissues and that the percent recovery of CO2 from the oxidation of acetate is heavily dependent on the length of acetate tracer infusion. In the postabsorptive state, labeled carbon recovery from acetate across the leg and the splanchnic region is similar to the whole body CO2 recovery.

Acetates↗
PubMed1998

Hyperglycemia-induced inhibition of splanchnic fatty acid oxidation increases hepatic triacylglycerol secretion.

The effect of hyperglycemia ( approximately 8 mmol/l) on splanchnic fatty acid oxidation and triacylglycerol (TG) secretion rates was investigated in five healthy men. U-13C-labeled fatty acids were infused to estimate fatty acid kinetics and oxidation across the splanchnic region, and in vivo labeled very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG was infused to estimate TG secretion rate. Plasma fatty acid carbon enrichment and concentration were maintained constant by infusion of lipids and heparin in the hyperglycemia experiments. Fatty acid uptake by the splanchnic region was 1.4 +/- 0.2 and 2.2 +/- 0.9 micromol. kg-1. min-1 in the basal and clamp experiments, respectively, whereas fatty acid oxidation decreased from 0.4 +/- 0. 04 to 0.2 +/- 0.05 micromol. kg-1. min-1 (P < 0.05). Hepatic TG secretion increased from 0.35 +/- 0.07 micromol. kg-1. min-1 in the basal state to 0.53 +/- 0.11 micromol. kg-1. min-1 after 15 h of hyperglycemia (P < 0.05). Similarly, plasma VLDL-TG concentration increased from 0.28 +/- 0.06 to 0.43 +/- 0.05 mmol/l during the clamp (P < 0.05). In summary, hyperglycemia attenuates fatty acid oxidation in the splanchnic region in human volunteers, even when fatty acid availability is constant. This adaptation results in a significant increase in the VLDL-TG secretion rate and concentration in plasma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Tc-99m sestamibi imaging of a pancreatic VIPoma and parathyroid adenoma in a patient with multiple type I endocrine neoplasia.

Technetium-99m sestamibi is known to localize in primary malignant and metastatic tumors. Specifically, brain, breast, thyroid, parathyroid, lung, and kidney tumors have been imaged. The Verner Morrison syndrome, which is caused by excessive vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), consists of watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria. This condition is rarely associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia. The authors present a case of multiple endocrine neoplasia type I with visualization of a pancreatic VIPoma and parathyroid adenoma with Tc-99m MIBI.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

[The disease picture of severe blepharospasm, the cause and a new kind of treatment with long-term results].

The etiology of essential blepharospasm is extraordinarily manifold and still not clarified in many instances. The therapeutic possibilities are equally manifold and not always satisfactory. A new method of surgical intervention consists in the dissection of the zygomaticotemporal nerve shortly after its separation from the stem of the facial nerve. In 10 cases with particularly severe blepharospasm, a permanent therapeutic result which was satisfactory in every respect was achieved in collaboration with an otorhinolaryngologist. For the ophthalmologist and otorhinolaryngologist a knowledge of the various therapeutic possibilities is important in order to adjust treatment accordingly.

Blepharospasm↗
PubMed1985

Sonography of arcuate uterine blood vessels.

Five sonographic cases are presented with images that demonstrate normal arcuate arteries and peripheral uterine blood vessels. These vascular structures are shown in both the longitudinal and transverse sections, and should not be confused with pathology such as Nabothian cysts, hydrosalpinx, pelvic inflammatory disease, hydatid cysts of Morgagni, endometriosis, or abnormal pelvic varices.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Possibilities and limitations in orbital surgery from an ophthalmological point of view].

Since it is possible to approach orbit either from outside or through the cranial cavity, orbital surgery constitutes a borderline field between ophthalmic surgery, facial and neurosurgery. With reference to characteristic cases of space-occupying orbital tumors, an attempt is made to point out limitations and surgical possibilities from the ophthalmological point of view. In this connection, Krönlein's operation, which has almost been forgotten, is described and illustrated with original pictures.

Female↗
PubMed1975

[An attack of glaucoma after a cataract operation associated with pigment degeneration of the retina (author's transl)].

From four cases the appearance of acute glaucoma attacks after cataract-operation in association with pigment degeneration of the retina is described. We could show in none of the cases the previous presence of glaucoma. It is concluded from this there is an increased danger of an acute pressure rise in operative procedures in association with pigment degeneration of the cornea as a result of dysregulation of the intraocular fluid mechanics. Appropriate preventive measures are recommended.

Adult↗