Biomedical subjects

E Wenzl

Publications and source records attributed to E Wenzl.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

Alkaline secretion. A protective mechanism against acid injury in rabbit duodenum.

The role of alkaline secretion in the protection against acid-induced (50 mM HCl) damage was investigated in the perfused rabbit duodenum. Basal alkaline secretion was 3.86 +/- 0.23 mu Eq/cm2 . 10 min (pH-stat method). Perfusion with HCl increased alkaline secretion to 4.39 +/- 0.17 mu Eq/cm2 . 10 min and led to superficial damage of 51.8% of the villi. Intravenous treatment with NaHCO3 and glucagon increased alkaline secretion (+25% and +37%, respectively) and decreased damage (-27.7% and -25.3%, respectively), whereas mucosal blood flow as assessed by radioactive microspheres was stimulated only by glucagon. Intravenous treatment with NH4Cl, vasopressin, and furosemide decreased alkaline secretion (-31%, -52%, and -50%, respectively) and led to increased damage (+18.5%, +19.3%, and +19.6% superficial and 30%-50% deep lesions), and mucosal blood flow was decreased (vasopressin) or unchanged. There was a direct linear relationship (r = 0.88, y = 103-15.8x) between the degree of damage and alkaline secretion. These results support the hypothesis that duodenal alkaline secretion is indeed a protective factor against acid damage.

Animals↗

PubMed1986

[Liver resection of hematogenous and infiltrating metastases].

Of a total of 245 resections for hepatic metastases 124 operations were performed for hematogenic metastases and 36 for infiltrating metastases in continuity with the primary tumour. This group of so-called "major hepatic resections" is analysed. The series comprises 83 male and 77 female patients, mean age 62.2 years. There were 85 resections of the right lobe (39 of those with intrahepatic extension to the left), 45 right) and 30 atypical hepatectomies (at least bisegmentectomies). Hematogenic hepatic metastases: 80 resections of hepatic metastases following colorectal carcinoma, 15 following cancer of the stomach and esophagus, 12 after non-gastrointestinal malignant tumours, 4 resections after unknown primary cancer (44% solitary, 32% monolobar multiple, and 24% bilateral metastases); synchronous operations were performed in 32% of the patients, in 19% so-called interval surgery (mean 7.4 weeks), and in 49% metachrone surgery (mean 30 weeks). During 1983 and 1985 our morbidity rate amounted to 10% and the letality rate to 7%, as compared to 17% morbidity and 15% letality in the period 1965-1983. In both periods, septic postoperative complications outnumbered all other causes. The mean survival rate after colorectal carcinoma was 20 months, after non-gastro-intestinal malignant growth 19 months, after carcinoma of the stomach as well as after malignant biliary tract diseases 5 months. The three-year survival rate of colorectal carcinoma amounts to 30%, the five year survival rate to 15% including all metastatic stages. The results of interval and metachrone resections in forms of survival rates are clearly better than the results of synchronous resections with a mean survival time of five months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1986

[Autologous venous bypass in the therapy of arterial occlusive disease of the femoropopliteal area: long-term results].

The outcome of 532 femoro-popliteal vein grafts performed electively during the years 1970 to 1985 for obliterative arterial disease, was analyzed using the documentation-system of the Austrian Society for Vascular Surgery, as well as SAS and BMDP-software on an IBM 4381 computer of the Medical Faculty. The probability of function was estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier method, statistical differences were checked with Breslow's and Mantel's test, the proportional hazards regression model (Cox) was used to elucidate the influence of different risk factors on each own and in combination of each other. In the univariate analysis, the preoperative clinical status was found to be of prognostic significance, but technical details such as intraoperative as well as postoperative arteriography or site of the distal anastomosis were not important. A postoperative coumarine treatment had no demonstrable impact on graft function, but positively influenced the probability of patient survival. Taking into account the factors found to be of significance in the univariate analysis (e.g. set of factors: site of distal anastomosis, diabetic state and smoking habits) were analyzed using the proportional hazards regression model but were found of no major influence. The factors preoperative clinical status, patients age, and coumarine therapy significantly influenced the probability of patient survival, but diabetes mellitus and smoking were found to be not important.

Aged↗

PubMed1986

[Consequences of after-care in colorectal cancer].

Results of a computer supported follow-up-program on patients with colorectal cancer are presented. Between 1978 and 1985 1024 patients underwent these program, the drop-out-rate was 18%. 231 recurrences in 137 patients were discovered (40% local recurrence, 30% liver metastases and 30% others). 54% of patients with local recurrence and 43% with liver metastases were free of symptoms. Radical surgery was performed in 47% of local recurrences and in 24% of liver metastases. The three year survival rate after radical surgery for recurrence amounted to 28% for local recurrences and to 31% for liver metastases.

Colonic Neoplasms↗

PubMed1986

Influence of anticoagulant treatment in preventing graft occlusion following saphenous vein bypass for femoropopliteal occlusive disease.

Seventy-one patients underwent a classical reversed saphenous vein graft for femoropopliteal occlusive disease and were enrolled in a controlled clinical trial. During the second postoperative week the patients were allocated randomly into one of two groups; group 1 consisted of 34 patients who received coumarin, group 2 (37 patients) served as a control group without any anticoagulant treatment. The mean follow-up was 18 months. After 12 months the cumulative patency rate was 81 per cent and after 18 months 75 per cent; for patients receiving coumarin treatment, the respective figures were 90 and 82 per cent and for those with no anticoagulant treatment 72 and 67 per cent, the decrease being significant. When the bypass operation was performed for limb salvage (clinical stages III and IV) the overall results were worse (12 months, 72 per cent; 18 months, 68 per cent) than in stage II and stage II-III (12 months, 90 per cent; 18 months, 85 per cent). In limb salvage surgery the positive effects of anticoagulant treatment were significant (with treatment: 12 months, 87 per cent; 18 months, 87 per cent; without treatment: 12 months, 60 per cent; 18 months, 53 per cent). The site of the distal anastomosis (above knee: 12 months, 81 per cent; 18 months, 73 per cent versus below knee: 12 months, 80 per cent; 18 months, 75 per cent) did not have any demonstrable influence on the patency rate.

Aged↗

PubMed1982

[The significance of bilateral diagnostic lymphadenectomy in thyroid cancer. Tactical operative procedure in the 1st intervention].

In 101 patients with differentiated (papillary n = 74, follicular n = 20, or medullary n = 7) thyroid cancer and lymph node metastases a modified radical neck dissection (unilateral or bilateral) had been performed. After the examination of the lymph nodes in several stations the retrospective analysis showed positive nodes within the internal jugular vein (= central reservoir) in 96% of all cases independent of the tumor site. Only tumors in dorsal parts of the thyroid or in the isthmus (4%) showed other modes of lymphatic spread. Therefore during the first exploration the bilateral excision of the lymph nodes of the internal jugular vein (= diagnostic lymphadenectomy) by Kocher' incision is representative whether an extensive lymphatic spread has occurred.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1981

[Development and results of adrenal autotransplantation (author's transl)].

56 cases of adrenalectomy and autotransplantation of human adrenal tissue have been reported in the literature since 1955. The most common indication was bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. A reduction in postoperative corticosteroid substitution and a return to almost physiological function on discontinuation of long-term substitution can be achieved. Recurrent disease is easily cured by partial excision of the transplanted tissue, situated usually in small muscle pockets, under local anaesthesia. The loss of adaptation to circadian rhythm and stress are adverse effects. Further development of this technique, which is still relatively rarely implemented, may make it more universally applicable for a wider indication of bilateral adrenalectomy, without loss of adrenal function.

Adrenal Cortex↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Vitamin D receptor and cytokeratin expression may be progression indicators in human colon cancer.

Epidemiological data suggest the protective role of vitamin D against the development of colorectal carcinoma in man. This could be due to the anti-mitogenic effect of the steroid hormone on human colon carcinoma cells which is mediated by a specific nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). Western blot analysis showed that VDR expression increases during the transition from normal mucosa to polyps and later to pT3 tumors. In later stages, however, VDR is dramatically reduced. Cytokeratin 20, which was monitored as a differentiation marker, decreases in parallel with advancing proliferation and disappears from "normal" mucosa adjacent to later stage carcinoma. Interestingly, VDR density was conspicuously higher in all tumors tested when compared to adjacent "normal" tissue. This suggest that, up to a certain degree of dedifferentiation, malignant colonocytes can upregulate the VDR, probably as a counteractive measure in response to tumor cell growth, but that this ability is finally lost in highly undifferentiated carcinoma cells.

Cell Division↗