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Biomedical subjects

E Willich

Publications and source records attributed to E Willich.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Spinal growth after irradiation for Wilm's tumour.

Between 1960 and 1983, 82 children were treated for Wilm's tumour at our hospital. The secondary effects and changes in the skeleton have been assessed. Radiotherapy was found to cause growth disturbances and osteochondrosis of variable degree, but not osteonecrosis. Since irradiation produces late damage, it should be applied symmetrically to the spine and the dose limited as far as is possible. A long follow up is necessary since skeletal damage can only be assessed after the end of growth.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

The determination of bone age in the elbow as compared to the hand. A study in 390 children.

In a prospective study, bone age (BA) from both hand and elbow was assessed in 390 children, aged 6-15 years, in order to determine: (a) whether or not BA assessment from the hand and from the elbow give comparable results, and (b) whether the accuracy of predicting skeletal age from the hand may be improved by the additional BA determination in the elbow. BA assessment in the hand was performed according to the method of Greulich and Pyle while the standards of Schinz and Baensch were used for the elbow. Statistical analysis of data was carried out according to age groups as well as according to groups of clinical diagnoses. With only one exception in the group of so-called "healthy individuals", there was no difference between "hand age" and "elbow age". Thus, except in a very small group of subjects, both methods of BA assessment were found to be equivalent in predicting skeletal age in children between 6-15 years. Equivocal results were obtained regarding the question of whether the accuracy of BA assessment in the hand may be improved by the simultaneous BA determination from the elbow. Until further studies on larger statistical material provide more conclusive information in this matter, we feel that the combined determination of BA in the hand and elbow is not warranted for clinical purposes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Unusual skeletal changes in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children (author's transl)].

During the early phase of their disease three children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed unusual skeletal changes radiologically. Mainly osteolysis in the lower jaw, opacity of the sinus, decreased hight of the vertebrae, and a unilateral necrosis of the head of the femur. These skeletal alterations are much more common in other diseases than in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Bone Diseases↗
PubMed1978

[Renal duplication in childhood. Incidence and clinical significance (author's transl)].

Renal duplication is the most common malformation within the urinary tract system and as such a particular challenge to the pediatrician with regard to diagnosis and therapy. It is discovered either by chance or in relation to chronically recurring urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infection is the main clinical symptom in 2/3 of all the patients with renal duplication. Incidence, age-and sex-distribution, predilection of side or bilateral occurrence, configuration of the ureter and the statistically significant combination with vesico-uretral reflux show systematic regularities and are discussed in connection with the literature. Ureterocele, concrements, obstructions or hydronephrosis often are consequences of renal duplication or, as with hydronephrosis, correlated malformations like aplasia, hypoplasia, malrotation, horseshoe kidney or duplication of the urethra. There is a causative relation between renal duplication and tumors or tuberculosis. Other correlated malformations are particularly heart malformations or myelomeningocele. It depends on the severity of the disease whether therapy will be symptomatic or operative. Between 1968 and 1974 we saw 114 children with renal duplication.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

[A new bile contrast in pediatrics (author's transl)].

Biligram was used for 42 cholegraphies in children aged 2 months to 15 years. A 35% concentration of Biligram was given as intravenous injection in 14 children, a 17% or 3,4% concentration as an intravenous infusion in 16 or 12 patients, respectively. The quality of x-ray films with both Biligram 35% and 17% was equally good whereas Biligram 3,4% gave a weak contrast only. The best time for taking films was 30 and 60 min after injection of Biligram. Allergic reactions or an effect on liver enzymes were not observed.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1978

[X-ray diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mediastinal tumors in childhood (author's transl)].

Symptoms, microscopy and frequency of mediastinal tumors in children are different from those in adults. The radiologic diagnosis of mediastinal tumors depends on evaluation of tumor site, density, and shape. Demonstration of calcifications or bony elements in combination with skeletal anomalies or destructions, pleural effusions, and differentiation of cystic and solid tumors are helpful. The radiologic criteria are also very important regarding prognosis and therapy. Many diagnostic methods are available. The venocavography and computer tomography are especially helpful.--We studied 184 mediastinal tumors in children and will discuss them according to topographic aspects; emphasis will be placed on differential diagnosis and the possibilities of diagnostic failure.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Upper calyx reno-vascular obstruction in children: Fraley's syndrome.

Intrarenal vascular obstruction of the upper calyceal infundibulum has been distinguished by Fraley as an entity separate from an asymptomatic vascular impression. Clinically, this form of intrarenal vascular obstruction presents as nephralgia or hematuria. This infundibular obstruction is caused by normal renal vessels, usually the upper segmental artery: radiologically, the vessels produce a constant well-defined filling defect in the infundibulum at IVP, and, the upper calyx group is distended and shows delay in emptying. We found this condition in 14 children from 1968-1975. Control studies showed no progression in the radiological findings, even over a long period. In one of our cases angiography was indicated to exclude tumour or cyst; in another case, surgery was necessary. Complications are urinary tract infection or stone formation. Therefore, children with Fraley's syndrome require regular clinical examination.

Child↗
PubMed1977

[Intravenous cholangio-cystography during childhood (author's transl)].

Twenty-five intravenous cholangio-cystograms were carried out in children aged 2 to 15 years (10 by injection, 15 by infusion). Total bilirubin, GOT, GPT, GLDH and alkaline phosphatase were determined before and after injection of the contrast medium. The contrast media used were "Biligram for infusion" (17%) and "biligram for injection" (35%). Contrast dose per kilo body weight depends on the age of the patient: a) For infusion: infants 1.6 ml/kg/KG, small children 1.2 ml/kgKG, older children 0.8 ml/kg/KG. b) for injection: infants 0.8 ml/kg/KG, small children 0.6 ml/kg/KG, older children 0.4 ml/kg/KG. Both methods, in the above doses, provided good demonstration of the biliary tree and gall bladder. Films were taken at 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes after the end of the injection, and 40 minutes after a fatty meal. No allergic reactions were observed, nor any effect on the liver enzymes.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1977

[Skeletal changes in Down's syndrome. A correlation between radiological and cytogenetic findings (author's transl)].

One hundred and two patients with Down's syndrome aged one day to 17 years were examined radiologically, seven of these repeatedly. Films obtained included the chest in two planes, lateral spine, left hand and pelvis. The following features were noted; the number of paired ribs, ossification centres in the manubrium, height of lumbar vertebral bodies, shortening of the phalanges, bone age and calculation of the acetabula and ilial angle and ilial index. In all patients the chromosomes were examined in order to determine the cytogenetic type. The following features were found to be more common in Down's syndrome than in normals: abnormal ossification of the manubrium (33%), aplasia of the twelfth rib (18%), high lumbar vertebral bodies (50%), brachymesophalangia of the fifth ray (62%) and changes in skeletal maturation (acceleration or retardation in 48%). Changes in the pelvis were typical; with increasing age, the acetabular angle falls and the ilial angle increases. The most striking skeletal changes were found in 84 patients with trisomy 21.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Segmental renal hypoplasia in childhood.

Radiological findings of segmental renal hypoplasia are reported, based on the observation of 6 children aged between 8 and 14. The leading clinical symptom is arterial hypertension. Urinary tract infection and proteinuria are additional common findings. Cases with bilateral disease often have renal failure. The intravenous urogram shows unilateral or bilateral small kidneys with segmental renal scarring and transverse lobulation. In the pathological areas the calyces are ectatic or clubbed and their infundibulum is elongated. Vesico-ureteral reflux is frequent. In angiography the lobulated segments appear hypovascular. Diagnosis was verified by histological examination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Accessory diaphragm. Report of 6 cases and a review of the literature.

Six cases of accessory diaphragm, associated with respiratory symptoms are reported and of them two have so far been proved, by operation and autopsy, respectively. The described 15 cases in the medical literature are reviewed. The accessory diaphragm consists of a fibromuscular membrane separating the affected hemithorax into two cavities and in three cases a nerve supply has been reported. The diagnosis can be made by simple frontal and lateral roentgenograms of the chest. Typically they show a small lung with shift of the mediastinum to the affected side, an area of increased hazy density, lack of sharpness of the mediastinal structures and the cardiac border on the affected side and a characteristic strip of increased density paralleling the sternum in the lateral view. Roentgenologic differential diagnosis includes lobar atelectasis and pulmonary hypoplasia. There is a high incidence of associated pulmonary maldevelopment of the ipsilateral side and of vascular and cardiac malformations. Improper timing in the interaction of lung buds and septum transversum with the development of a double diaphragm possibly is responsible for this rare congenital anomaly. Usually it is encountered on the right side. Since pulmonary maldevelopment maintains repeated or chronic respiratory infections, recognition and operative therapy are essential.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1975

Suprapubic micturition cystourethrography in infancy and childhood.

Suprapubic bladder puncture has recently found additional employment in paediatric radiology as a technique for micturition cystourethrography. Experience of 247 micturition cystourethrographies (MCU) by means of suprapubic bladder puncture (SBP) in 210 children aged from 6 days to 15 years is reported. The technique is simple: complications were observed in 6%, but were harmless in nature. The advantages consist in the absolutely sterile procedure, less strain on the children, and the possibility of simultaneously obtaining bladder urine, directly, for bacteriological and cytological examination.

Adolescent↗