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Biomedical subjects

E Yalçin

Publications and source records attributed to E Yalçin.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effects of claritromycin on inflammatory parameters and clinical conditions in children with bronchiectasis.

BACKGROUND: The effects of the macrolides cannot be ascribed to their antibacterial action alone. Their immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory functions are significant too. They are frequently used in the treatment of diffuse panbronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis (CF). AIM: To evaluate the effects of a macrolide antibiotic [clarithromycin (CAM)] on the process of inflammation [by measuring IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-10 levels and cell profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid], pulmonary function and sputum production in children with steady-state bronchiectasis, secondary to causes other than CF or primary immunodeficiencies. METHODS: Seventeen patients randomized to the treatment group received CAM and supportive therapies for 3 months and 17 patients in the control group were given supportive therapies only. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the treatment group showed a significant decrease in IL-8 levels, total cell count, neutrophil ratios in BAL fluid and daily sputum production at the end of the third month. There was also a significant increase in the treatment group's BAL fluid macrophage ratios. The differences in pulmonary function test parameters were not significant. CONCLUSION: Use of CAM in children with steady-state bronchiectasis results in laboratory improvement by reducing the inflammatory processes in the lungs. No corresponding clinical improvement could be shown but although this is possible with long-term use, trial validation is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

A microleakage study of ceramic laminate veneers by autoradiography: effect of incisal edge preparation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microleakage characteristics of laminate veneers with different incisal edge preparation. Two groups of 20 extracted human maxillary central incisors were used for fabricating laminate veneers. The cervical margin of all veneers were placed 1 mm above the cementoenamel junction. The incisal finish line of 20 teeth was placed at the incisal edge (window type preparation). The incisal finish line of the other 20 teeth was placed linguoincisally (incisal edge overlapped type preparation). All veneers were fabricated according to the manufacturer's instructions with vacuum fired porcelain and cemented with dual-cure resin cement. The autoradiographic method was used for determination of microleakages. Microleakages at the interface of the laminate veneer and tooth were determined according to the scale described in the manuscript. Mc Nemar test was used for comparison of microleakages at cervical margins. Microleakage grades at other areas were compared in percentage. In the two preparation types the cervical microleakages were of similar degree. The incisal microleakages in the overlapped laminate veneers were greater than in the window type veneers. In conclusion, the window preparation type was more effective in terms of prevention of microleakage at the incisal margin than the overlapped type laminates.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed2004

Tracheoesophageal fistula due to disc-battery ingestion.

Ingestion of a disc battery can lead to hazardous complications including tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), especially when the battery is impacted in the esophagus. Urgent esophagoscopic removal of the battery is essential in all cases. Persisting respiratory symptoms and/or feeding difficulty after removal should alert the surgeon to evaluate for TEF. Esophagography and/or esophagoscopy should be performed. Once the TEF is identified, conservative management is the initial treatment of choice. Delayed primary repair can be tried if spontaneous closure does not occur. The authors present a case of TEF secondary to disc-battery ingestion with review of the current literature and discuss the management of this rare but potentially life-threatening complication.

Esophagoscopy↗
PubMed2003

Hypocholesterolaemia in dogs with dominance aggression.

Serum lipids and lipoprotein concentrations have been associated with dominance aggression in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the link between serum lipids, including cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) to HDL-C ratio and dominance aggression in dogs. Levels of serum TC, triglyceride and HDL-C were significantly lower in dogs with dominance aggression compared with non-aggressive dogs (P < 0.001). These results suggest that a relationship exists between serum lipid profile and dominance aggression in dogs, and hypocholesterolaemia exists in dogs with dominance aggression.

Aggression↗
PubMed2001

Changes in skeletal maturation and mineralization in children with cerebral palsy and evaluation of related factors.

Sixty-nine (28 females, 41 males) children with spastic cerebral palsy and 26 (13 females, 13 males) healthy children were included in the study. Total- and partial-body bone mineral content and bone mineral density values of patient and control subjects were measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Left hand and wrist radiographs of all patients and right hand and wrist radiographs of 39 randomly selected patients were taken, and the bone ages of all radiographs were determined. In both female and male tetraplegics, bone mineralization values of lower extremities, where the mobility disorder and effects of absence of weight-bearing activity were maximal, were lower than those of controls and hemiplegics (P < .05). In 47 (68%) patients, left-side bone age values were below normal ranges for their ages, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .01). Our results indicate that motor function handicap affects skeletal mineralization adversely, and skeletal maturation is frequently delayed in children with cerebral palsy. We speculated that this delay might be a result of disrupted embryologic skeletal development due to hypoxic attack, which also causes the disease.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1997

The effects of long-term anticonvulsive treatment on serum lipid profile.

Serum lipids were determined in 10 untreated patients with recently diagnosed epilepsy, 21 patients treated with carbamazepine (CBZ), 10 patients treated with valproate (VPA) and in 15 healthy children. In relation to the controls, patients receiving CBZ showed increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), apolipoprotein A (Apo-A) and apolipoprotein B (Apo-B). Patients receiving VPA showed increased Apo-B levels. There were no significant differences in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) or very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLc) between all groups. The changes in lipid metabolism may be associated with the induction of liver enzymes during anti-epileptic drug metabolism. The CBZ-induced change in serum lipid levels was considered to be a possible factor against atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in epileptic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Effect of valproate and carbamazepine on visual evoked potentials in epileptic children.

The effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) and sodium valproate (SV) monotherapy on visual evoked potentials (VEP) were studied in 18 epileptic children receiving CBZ and nine epileptic children receiving SV. Pattern reversal VEP were determined before the administration of antiepileptic drugs (AED) and 1 year later during which time the patients had received AED. The VEP amplitude showed no consistent changes after 1 year of CBZ and SV therapy, but VEP P-100 latencies were significantly prolonged after 1 year of CBZ therapy. We conclude that CBZ causes a slowing down of central impulse conduction and that VEP is useful to evaluate the effects of AED within the central nervous system.

Carbamazepine↗
PubMed1995

The effects of antiepileptic drugs on serum zinc and copper levels in children.

The results of previous studies that examined serum trace metal status of epileptic patients receiving antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy were variable. We measured serum zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) levels in 52 epileptic children who were treated with either carbamazepine (CBZ) or valproic acid (VPA) or with a combination of CBZ and VPA. Serum Zn levels were significantly lower in the epileptics than in the two control groups which consisted of 7 untreated epileptics and 12 normal children (p < 0.05). Combination therapy and monotherapy with CBZ increased serum Cu levels (p < 0.05). No significant alteration in serum Cu levels was observed with VPA monotherapy. Serum Zn and serum Cu concentrations of the untreated epileptics were not significantly different from those of normal controls. Our results indicate that serum trace metal homeostasis may be affected by AED therapy, but not by the convulsive disorder itself.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1993

Serum thyroid hormones and pituitary response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in epileptic children receiving anti-epileptic medication.

Thyroid hormones and pituitary function were assessed in 49 children with epilepsy who were receiving either a single medication of carbamazepine, phenobarbital and valproate or a combination of carbamazepine with phenobarbital or valproate. All therapeutic regimens except valproate monotherapy were associated with low levels of circulating thyroxine, free tri-iodothyronine and free thyroxine. Carbamazepine with valproate was associated with the lowest serum concentration of thyroid hormones. It seems probable that accelerated hormone metabolism is responsible for these hormonal changes. However, all drug regimens also had effects on the function of the hypothalamic pituitary axis. Because of these findings, thyroid hormones should be checked frequently during anti-epileptic drug treatment, although clinical hypothyroidism was not seen in our patients.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1993

Influence of long-term carbamazepine treatment on thyroid function.

We have studied the effects of carbamazepine on thyroid function in sixteen recently diagnosed epileptic children and thirteen epileptic children receiving long-term carbamazepine therapy and compared these findings with the thyroid function of thirteen healthy control subjects. Thyrotropin (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4) serum levels were determined in both recently diagnosed but as yet untreated epileptic children and normal controls. These hormone levels were determined again after 2 months of treatment and 12 months of treatment in epileptic children. No statistically significant difference was found in the endocrine parameters of untreated epileptic children and the normal control group. After both 2 months and 12 months of carbamazepine therapy, serum levels of T4, FT4 and FT3 were found to be low, but the serum T3 concentration was unaffected. Baseline TSH levels were not changed during carbamazepine therapy either. Serum TSH levels increased rapidly after thyrotropin-releasing hormone stimulation in both the before and 12 months after carbamazepine treatment groups, but the response was higher in the 12 months treatment group. The findings of the present study suggest that accelerated hormone metabolism is responsible for hormonal changes found in patients treated with carbamazepine. Carbamazepine also had effects on the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis.

Carbamazepine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cerebellar and subcortical blood flow abnormalities in children with partial epilepsy.

Cerebellar and cerebral subcortical blood flow in 41 children with partial epilepsy and 6 normal controls was investigated during the interictal state using single photon emission computed tomography with technetium-99m hexamethylpropyleneamineoxime. Seventeen of 41 patients had been treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for 4.65 +/- 3.80 years (range 0.2-12) and 24 patients were drug-free. Unilateral hypoperfusion of cerebellum and cerebral subcortical gray matter was demonstrated in 11 (28%) and 16 (40%) patients, respectively. Most of them also had focal cerebral cortical perfusion abnormalities, ipsilateral or contralateral to the cerebellar and cerebral subcortical hypoperfusion. The mean asymmetry indices of cerebellar blood flow in the medicated and the unmedicated patients were significantly higher than in the control cases (P < 0.02 and P < 0.04), whereas the differences in the asymmetry indices in cerebral subcortical areas were insignificant. AED therapy did not affect the perfusion of cerebellum and cerebral subcortical regions (P > 0.05 and P > 0.05). Our results suggest that functional alterations on anatomically connected remote areas in patients with partial epilepsy are not related to the drug effect and probably due to primary epileptogenic activity.

Adolescent↗