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E Yun

Publications and source records attributed to E Yun.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Multiple selectin blockade with a small molecule inhibitor downregulates liver chemokine expression and neutrophil infiltration after hemorrhagic shock.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory effect of a small molecule selectin inhibitor in the liver by examining the functional, structural, and survival response of animals subjected to hemorrhagic shock and to determine the liver infiltration of neutrophils and the regulation of chemokine expression. Selectins play an important role in the development of the lesions associated with ischemia/reperfusion and hemorrhagic shock. Blocking individually the selectin family of adhesion molecules with monoclonal antibodies has resulted in better organ function and survival. To our knowledge, there are no studies demonstrating the beneficial effect of multiple selectin blockade with a small molecule inhibitor under conditions of hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hemorrhagic shock. Three groups of animals were included (n = 16/group), i.e., the sham, control, and treated groups, which received a small molecule selectin inhibitor (TBC-1269) at 25 mg/kg body weight after the bleeding began. The following parameters were evaluated: fluid requirements during resuscitation, liver injury tests (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase), liver histology and myeloperoxidase, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 mRNA and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant mRNA in liver tissue, and animal survival at 3 days. Statistical analysis included Student's t test and analysis of variance when indicated. RESULTS: Significant improvement in liver function and histology was noted in the treated group. Survival was also improved, although it is not known whether liver failure was the most proximate cause of lethality. Infiltration of neutrophils, measured by tissue myeloperoxidase, was significantly decreased in livers of treated animals. No significant changes were noted in fluid requirements. The small molecule selectin inhibitor group showed a down-regulating effect on liver macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant mRNA expression associated with less accumulation of neutrophils in the liver. CONCLUSION: This study supports the role that selectins play in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic shock. The mechanism of protection seen after multiple selectin blockade (TBC-1269) centered, in part, around the infiltration of liver neutrophils, probably dependent on the induction of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant mRNA expression in liver tissue.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Pulmonary function changes during epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery.

Although changes in pulmonary function in parturients are documented, little is known about effects of regional anesthesia on these changes. This study was undertaken to determine if two local anesthetics, often used for epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery, have different effects on pulmonary function testing. Nineteen ASA physical status I parturients undergoing elective cesarean delivery with epidural anesthesia were randomly assigned in double-blind fashion to receive either 0.5% bupivacaine or 2% lidocaine with epinephrine (1/200,000). Pulmonary function tests were measured using a calibrated spirometer with computer-recorded flow volume loops. Peak inspiratory pressure and peak inspiratory flow rate, peak expiratory pressure (PEP) and peak expiratory flow rate, forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) were measured. Measurements were taken prior to epidural placement and at T-10 and T-4 levels. Peak inspiratory pressure, FEV1/FVC, FEV1, FVC, peak expiratory flow rate, and peak inspiratory flow rate did not differ from baseline in either group. Patients receiving lidocaine showed a significantly greater decrease in PEP at both T-10 and T-4 levels. Pep is largely dependent on abdominal musculature. If a denser motor block is provided by 2% lidocaine with epinephrine than by 0.5% bupivacaine, these muscles would be more affected, resulting in a greater decrease in PEP. These results may have implications regarding choice of local anesthetic for epidural anesthesia in parturients with some degree of respiratory compromise undergoing cesarean delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Detection of localized DNA flexibility.

The bending and flexibility of DNA are important in packaging, recombination and transcription. Bending decreases electrophoretic mobility in a manner depending on bend position within a fragment (circular permutation) and on the distance between bends (phasing analysis). Bending can also affect DNA ring closure (cyclization). The lack of a complete theory for the mechanism of gel retardation hampers measurement of bend magnitudes by electrophoresis, whereas cyclization is done entirely in solution and is well understood theoretically. Disagreements between bend angles estimated by the two electrophoretic assays have been ascribed to DNA flexibility. Here we test this interpretation using an internal loop as a model flexible locus. Whereas the circular permutation and helical phasing experiments are only subtly affected by the loop, DNA cyclization kinetics detects and quantifies substantial increases in torsional and bending flexibility. Furthermore, the results support a functional role for the stress of DNA bending in inducing base-pair opening.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pneumocephalus following inadvertent intrathecal puncture during epidural anesthesia: a case report and review of the literature.

Regional anesthesia techniques (epidural and spinal) are preferred anesthetic modalities in modern obstetrics, in that both of these modalities enable maternal participation in the delivery process and assist in avoiding maternal aspiration associated with general anesthesia. We report an unusual and potentially severe complication of epidural anesthesia for elective repeat cesarean delivery. Following intravenous hydration and lateral uterine displacement, uneventful epidural anesthesia was administered. Toward the end of the otherwise uneventful cesarean the patient, who had been completely stable, became unresponsive, with dilated pupils that did not respond to light. The patient was immediately intubated and gradually regained consciousness and was extubated within 1 h. Cranial computed tomography disclosed pneumocephalus. Inadvertent pneumocephalus is reviewed.

Adult↗