Taking your knocks: receiving criticism positively.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to E Zucker.
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The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, contains a family of six genes that code for vitellogenins. Here we report the complete nucleotide sequence of one of these genes, vit-5. The gene specifies a mRNA of 4869 nucleotides, including untranslated regions of 9 bases at the 5' end and 51 bases at the 3' end. Vit-5 contains four short introns totalling 218 bp. The predicted vitellogenin, yp170A, has a molecular weight of 186,430. At its N terminus it is clearly related to the vitellogenins of vertebrates. However, the vit-5-encoded protein does not contain a serine-rich sequence related to the vertebrate vitellin, phosvitin. In fact, the amino acid composition of the nematode protein is very similar to that of the vertebrate protein without phosvitin. Vit-5 has a highly asymmetric codon choice dictionary. The favored codons are different from those favored in other organisms, but are characteristic of highly expressed C. elegans genes. The strong selection against rare codons is not as great near the 5' end of the gene; rare codons are 15 times more frequent within the first 54 bp than in the next 4.8 kb.
A free-ranging group of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) was studied at the Caribbean Primate Research Center through parts of a complete seasonal cycle. Analysis of the data revealed that dispersal was the major strategy utilized by individuals in the performance of intragroup social behavior. Dominance phenomena were not found to be of major importance in the organization of intragroup social behavior despite the presence of a linear, stable dominance hierarchy among the adult females. The data further suggested that genealogical relationships were relatively insignificant in their effect on the patterning of intragroup behavior.
Mortality resulting from fighting in a breeding colony of rhesus monkeys living in groups was an important management problem. An attempt was made to understand the causes of such fighting and reduce it. It was found that the cause of the fighting was the social disruption resulting from a breeding protocol which required the regular removal of pregnant animals from groups and introduction of nonpregnant females. The basic protocol was not changed; however, social disruption was minimized, and a reduction in mortality was accomplished through alteration of group formation procedures, pregnancy palpation procedures and group composition.
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Metastases from colon and rectal carcinoma are by direct extension, lymph node infiltration, haematogenous, perineural, intraluminal or by superficial spread. Diagnosis is based on carcinoembryogenic antigen levels, chest x-rays ultrasound, bone scan, laparoscopy or computerized axial tomography. Target organs are liver, lung, ovaries, brain, bone and muscles; other sites are rather uncommon and seldom reported. No other case of cervix metastases has been reported in the English or Spanish literature in the last 10 years.
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