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Biomedical subjects

Edward Kowalczyk

Publications and source records attributed to Edward Kowalczyk.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and nitric oxide].

UNLABELLED: Despite of belonging to different chemical groups all nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exert on antiinflammatory, antypyretic and analgetic effects inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis, preciseley inhibiting first enzyme in arachidonic acid- cyclooxygenase. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of NSAIDs on nitric oxide synthesis and releasing to bloodstream Acetylsalicic acid (ASA) and diclofenac as COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors and nimesulide as selective COX-2 inhibitor were used in study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An experiment was carried out on male Wistar rats administered intragastrically with acetylsalicylic acid in doses: 2.0 and 10.0 mg/kg of body weigh, diclofenac in doses: 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg body weigh and nimesulide in doses: 2.5 and 12.5 mg/kg body weigh for three weeks. Results compared to control group which received water instead of achive drugs. Nitric oxide was determined by Nitric Oxide Non-Enzymatic Assay of Oxis International. RESULTS: ASA and nimesulide use did not significantly influence NO plasma concentration. Diclofenac administration at the 1.0 and 5.0 mg/kg of body weigh was associated with increased NO concentration by 48.7% and 73.5% respectively. CONCLUSION: NO concentration is not relevant to selective or non selective inhibition of COX by NSAIDs. ASA (a non selective NSAIDs) and nimesulide (sective NSAIDs) do not influence NO concentration, while diclofenac (non selective NSAIDs) causes an increase in NO blood concentration in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Pharmacological effects of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis].

Scutellaria baicalensis is a plant widely used in Chinese and Japanese herbal medicine. Dry roots of Scutellaria baicalensis are used, especially as alcohol extracts. Flavonoids isolated from Radix Scutellariae have beneficial effects in hepatitis. Flavonoids derived from Scutellaria baicalensis produce antioxidative, antineoplastic, cardiomiocyte-protective activity. They inhibit agregation of platelets, permeability of capillary vessels, have antibacterial and anty-angiogenic effects.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed2005

Neutrophils superoxide anion generation during carvedilol therapy in patients with stable angina.

Neutrophil superoxide anion (O(2)(*-)) generation was measured during carvedilol therapy in patients with stable angina. The carvedilol group comprised 27 patients (18 men and 9 women), aged 38-51 years (mean 47.6 years) with stable angina. Carvedilol was administered in increased every 4-week doses: 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/24 h, respectively. The control group included 12 healthy subjects, aged 39-49 years (mean 45.7 years) with no drug administered. Blood samples were collected from cubital vein before and 4, 8 and 12 weeks after the therapy and once in the control group. Neutrophil O(2)(*-) generation was determined in whole blood without and with opsonized zymosan (OZ) stimulation according to Bellavite et al. method using superoxide dismutase from bovine erythrocytes. O(2)(*-) generation by nonstimulated and OZ-stimulated neutrophils was significantly higher (p<0.05) in patients with stable angina than in the control group. In carvedilol group, statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in superoxide anion generation by nonstimulated and OZ-stimulated neutrophils was observed 8 and 12 weeks after the therapy and it did not differ from that in healthy subjects. Carvedilol has been shown to inhibit neutrophil O(2)(*-) generation in patients with stable angina.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Nitric oxide and cardiologic drugs].

The influence of simvastatin and metoprolol on nitric oxide synthesis (measured as NO metabolites plasma concentration) was studied. Results. It was revealed that both simvastatin and metoprolol diminish significantly plasma nitric oxide concentration by 24.6% and 23.7% respectively. It was also compared nitric oxide concentrations in plasma of rabbits, after 3 week of mononitrate isosorbitol and molsidomine administration--assuming that applied doses are relevant to maximal doses applied to the human. It was found that molsidomine releases more nitric oxide than mononitrate isosorbitol.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed2005

[The use of anthocyanins in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases].

Anthocyanins are common ingredients of human diet, and the rich source of them are: aronia fruits, black currant, raspberry, grapes and apples. Because of their chemical structure they are able to influence many active substances in human body having antioxidative, antiinflammatory and cardioprotective activity.

Anthocyanins↗
PubMed2005

[Estimation of antioxidative effect of atorvastatin and fluvastatin used in primary prevention of coronary heart disease--effect on antioxidative enzymatic activity].

The effect of atorvastatin and fluvastatin on antioxidative enzymatic activity was studied in CHD risk patients. The study comprised 35 patients (20 men and 15 women) aged 35-47 years, who were allotted into two groups: I--18 patients were administered fluvastatin (Lescol) in a dose of 40 mg once daily at bed time for 6 weeks and II--17 patients were administered atorvastatin (Sortis) in a dose of 10 mg once daily at bed time for 6 weeks. The control group consisted of 12 clinically healthy subjects, aged 34-42 years. SOD-1, GSH-Px and CAT activity in erythrocytes was measured. Greater increase of low erythrocyte antioxidative enzymatic activity was observed in atorvastatin than in fluvastatin group.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Estimation of antioxidative effect of atorvastatin and fluvastatin used in primary prevention of coronary heart disease--effect on lipid peroxidation].

The study comprised 35 patients with mixed hyperlipidaemia and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors (overweight or obesity, low physical activity, family history). Seventeen patients were administered atorvastatin in a dose of 10 mg and 18 -fluvastatin in a dose of 40 mg once daily at bed time for 6 weeks. The control group consisted of 12 clinically healthy subjects with no CHD risk factors. Blood samples for testing were collected from cubital vein of patients after hypolipaemic diet prior to and 6 weeks after drugs application and once in control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in erythrocytes and plasma were determined by the method of Placer et al. MDA concentrations in erythrocytes and plasma were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in patients than in healthy subjects. After 6-week atorvastatin therapy MDA concentrations in erythrocytes and plasma decreased to the values observed in healthy subjects. In fluvastatin group erythrocyte and plasma MDA concentrations were unchanged and still significantly higher in comparison to the healthy subjects. Atorvastatin, contrary to fluvastatin, decreases lipid peroxidation in CHD risk patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[The influence of anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa on selected parameters of oxidative stress and microelements contents in men with hypercholesterolemia].

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Our investigations was to estimate the influence of Aronia anthocyanins (Aronox by Agropharm) on selected parameters of oxidative and antioxidative balance as well as on the concentration of selected metals in red blood cells in men with hipercholesterolaemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 16 men aged 27 +/- 6.4 years old with blood cholesterol concentration on the level of 205-250 mg/dl took 240 mg of anthocyanins a day for 30 days. Before and after the period of anthocyanins administration a blood sample was taken and following parameters were estimated: lead, aluminium, cooper and zinc concentration in erythrocytes with the method of atomic emission spectrometry with induced coupling plasma (AES-ICP), concentration of substances reacting with thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in hemolysate. CONCLUSION: 30 days long administration of 240 mg of anthocyanins a day, caused a substantial increase of glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities. The lead, aluminium and cooper concentration was decreased while zinc concentration in red blood cells was increased.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Nitric oxide--oxidant or antioxidant?].

Nitric oxide (NO), as a free radical, seems to be a potential antioxidant. It takes part in termination of lipid peroxidation reactions. It can be also an oxidant, particularly in indirect reactions with oxygen molecules or superoxide anion.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2004

Plasma antioxidative activity during atorvastatin and fluvastatin therapy used in coronary heart disease primary prevention.

We estimated the effect of atorvastatin and fluvastatin on plasma antioxidative activity used in coronary heart disease (CHD) primary prevention. Anti-oxidative activity of blood plasma was determined by Bartosz et al. method [Curr. Top. Biophys. (1998)22:11-13], based on reduction of preformed cation radical of 2,2,azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) by blood plasma. The study comprised 35 patients with CHD risk who were randomly divided into two groups. The atorvastatin group comprised 17 patients who were administered the drug orally in a daily dose of 10 mg and the fluvastatin group consisted of 18 patients on an oral dose of 40 mg once daily. The control group comprised 12 healthy subjects with no drug administration. Blood samples were collected from cubital vein before and after 6-week therapy. Significantly (P < 0.05) increased--in comparison with the initial values--antioxidative activity of blood plasma was found in atorvastatin and fluvastatin groups after 6-week therapy. Moreover, the increase in antioxidative plasma activity in atorvastatin group was significantly higher in comparison with the fluvastatin group. The results of our study have demonstrated that atorvastatin and fluvastatin have an additional mechanism independent of the effect on cholesterol concentration. Thus, we presume that administration of these statins in CHD risk patients may have a beneficial effect.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Inhibition of adenosine deaminase activity by drugs influencing the cardiovascular system].

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an unique enzyme which catalyzes conversion of adenosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine to inosine and 2'-deoxyinosine respectively. One of physiological roles of this enzyme is modulation of its substrate--adenosine concentration (both intracellular and extraectocellular). In presented work the influence of acetylsalicylic acid, metoprolol, simvastatin, isosorbide mononitrate and molsidomine on total activity of adenosine deaminase and its isoenzymes--ADA1 and ADA2 in vivo was studied. We have affirmed that simvastatin decreased of tADA activity by 50%, acetylsalicylic acid by 34%, metoprolol by 29.1% and isosorbide mononitrate by 19.3%. Only after molsidomine administration were no significant changes in ADA activity observed. The result showed that the decline of ADA activity was mainly due to marked decrease in ADA2 isoenzyme.

Adenosine↗
PubMed2004

[Effect of hyperthyreosis on the concentration of antioxidative vitamins and microelements].

In the course of hyperthyreosis reactive oxygen production increases and oxidative stress develops. The consequences of oxidative stress comprise disturbances in balance of pro- and antioxidative agents, including changes in concentration of antioxidative vitamins and microelements. Although the results of published studies concerning changes of concentrations of vitamins and microelements in hyperthyreosis are contradictory, most frequently a decrease of zinc and magnesium concentrations was observed.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed2004

[Anthocyanins--"pigmental allies" of physicians].

Anthocyanins (2-phenyl-benzo-gamma-piron derivatives) are water-soluble plant pigments. Also they are components of human diet because of their common occurrence. They influence oxidative-reductive balance, modify inflammatory processes, regulate apoptosis, and furthermore can be benefcial in tumors treatment.

Anthocyanins↗
PubMed2003

Effect of anthocyanins on selected biochemical parameters in rats exposed to cadmium.

Cadmium is a dangerous occupational and environmental toxin. It accumulates in the human organism mainly in liver and kidneys. Cadmium half-life is about 10 years, so the symptoms of cadmium intoxication may occur several years after the exposure. Until now in treating intoxication with this metal chelating compounds have been used, burdened with numerous undesirable symptoms. In our investigations anthocyanins from Aronia melanocarpa were used to reduce the harmful results caused by cadmium. Administering anthocyanins with cadmium chloride resulted in a statistically significant decrease of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, concentration of bilirubin and urea in blood serum and decreased cadmium cumulation in liver and kidneys in relation to animals receiving cadmium chloride only.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed2003

[The influence of hyperthyroidism on selected parameters of oxidant-antioxidant balance on animal model].

The aim of the experiment was to examine the influence of increased concentration of thyroid hormones on selected parameters of oxidant-antioxidant balance through the analysis of the antioxidant enzymes activity, the content of antioxidant vitamins, and the concentration of the unsaturated fatty acids peroxidation (TBARS). Administration of levothyroxine of the dose 100 micrograms/kg of body mass to rabbits for 21 days caused the increase of TBARS concentration, the decrease of concentration of vitamins C and E, and the increase of SOD activity.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[The influence of Aronia Melanocarpa Elliot and acetylcysteine on selected biochemical parameters of experimental animals with chronic lead acetate poisoning].

Lead mostly shows that it accumulates in bones in an insoluble phosphate form. Its toxicity grows with the deficiency of calcium, calciferol, irons and coppers in food. The examination was carried out on 40 female and male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g. They lived in the animal quarters with a stable temperature and humidity. They were fed with standard fodder (Murigan) and water ad libitum. In the work carried out the effect of anthocyanins of Aronia Melanocarpa Elliot and acetylcysteine on the selected biochemical parameters of experimental animals with chronic lead acetate poisoning were examined. After administration anthocyanins statistically important substantially decreased the concentration of the products of the unsaturated fatty acids oxidation in urine and examined organs. Those anthocyanins also decreased excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine in urine.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

[The effect of anthocyanins from Aronii melanocarpa and acetylcysteine on selected after-effects of lead acetate poisoning].

In recent years we have widely examined the results of protracted exposures on lead. Lead mostly shows that it accumulates in bones in an insoluble phosphate form. In much of the experimental research we observed that lead can cause reactive forms of oxygen and oxidative stress. The examination was carried out on 40 female and male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g. They lived in the animal quarters with a stable temperature and humidity. They were fed with standard fodder (Murigan) and water ad libitum. In the work carried out the effect of anthocyanins of Aronia Melanocarpa Elliot and acetylcysteine on the selected parameters of oxidative stress of experimental animals with chronic lead acetate poisoning were examined. After administration anthocyanins substantially decreased the concentration of unsaturated fatty acid peroxidation and carbonyls in blood serum. At the same time we observed a significant decrease of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in urine. Antocyanins from Aronia Melanocarpa appear to be a good substance for the diminishing of oxidative stress, these results caused with long-term administration of lead acetate.

8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine↗