Biomedical subjects

Eitan Naveh

Publications and source records attributed to Eitan Naveh.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Financial performance, ISO 9000 standard and safe driving practices effects on accident rate in the U.S. motor carrier industry.

The question this research address is if voluntary certification with ISO 9000 standards can reduce the number of accidents large trucks have. Certification might have a positive effect depending upon the actions a company takes as a result of being certified, for instance, a company may change driver training and maintenance and how it carries out corrective action. We identified 40 ISO 9002: 1994 certified U.S. trucking companies and compared their safety performance before and after ISO certification. We also compared them to a group of motor carriers that had similar characteristics but were not certified. The safety performance of the certified carriers was significantly better after certification than before, and it also was significantly better than that of non-certified carriers, findings that we believe can be useful to carriers, shippers and regulators who wish to better understand the value of certification.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed2006

The moderate success of quality of care improvement efforts: three observations on the situation.

Why is the health care system still unable to achieve a breakthrough in its quality performance? This commentary offers three observations on the problem of the moderate success of quality of care improvement efforts. We based our discussion on theoretical models from management theory and research. We conclude that health care organizations invest efforts in quality improvement initiatives; however, there is a potential in improving the fit between these efforts and the specific problems these organizations face.

Efficiency, Organizational↗

PubMed2006

Readiness to report medical treatment errors: the effects of safety procedures, safety information, and priority of safety.

BACKGROUND: Medical error reporting is an essential component of patient safety enhancement. However, increasingly, the literature points to a problem of underreporting of treatment errors, mainly as a result of the fear of malpractice lawsuits and limited formal data collection systems. Few studies, if any, have examined the influence of informal aspects of the organization, such as safety climate, on employees' willingness to report errors. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the relationship between safety climate aspects and personnel readiness to report treatment errors in different hospital departments. METHOD: The model was tested in 3 hospitals (n = 632 in 44 medical departments of 3 types; internal medicine, surgery, and intensive care). Three safety climate aspects were measured using questionnaires: the way employees perceive the safety procedures, the safety information flow within their department, and the relative priorities given to safety in the department. Readiness to report was measured by tallying each department's annual number of treatment errors reported to the hospitals' risk management systems. RESULTS: Negative binomial regression analysis indicated that the more personnel perceive procedures as suitable and safety information as available, the higher was their willingness to report treatment errors. These relationships significantly differed depending on the department type. CONCLUSIONS: Hospitals should take into account the perceptions of personnel regarding safety procedures and information and understand that these perceptions operate differently in different department types in their effect on the staff's willingness to report treatment errors.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed2005

How quality improvement programs can affect general hospital performance.

PURPOSE: Given the enormous size of the health care industry, the problem of developing high-quality, cost-effective health care delivery systems is growing in importance. There is general consensus that health care systems require a continuous process of quality improvement (QI). Less agreement, however, surrounds the mechanisms to be implemented so that such a process is effective. This study aims to bring empirical evidence to support the hypothesis that a QI program in a general hospital - a special context of the health care delivery system - does not necessarily lead to better overall organizational performance results. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The study was done at the hospital level, and included all acute care hospitals in Israel. Data was collected in 16 of the country's 23 hospitals, a 70 percent response rate. The study compared hospital performance before and after the QI program implementation. FINDINGS: The study shows that QI creates meaningful improvement events. In addition, the research supports the hypothesis that increasing the number of QI activities (items) included in the QI program brings about more improvement events. The results do not support the hypothesis that high, rather than low, intensive implementation of QI activities leads to more improvement events. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The special context of general hospitals decreases the effects of a QI program on overall hospital performance, whereas QI activities function as triggers in initiating improvement events.

Efficiency, Organizational↗

PubMed2005

A survey of pain, pressure, and discomfort induced by commonly used oral local anesthesia injections.

Intraoral local anesthesia is essential for delivering dental care. However, it is often perceived by some patients as the most painful and in some instances as the only painful part of the treatment, leading in extreme cases to avoidance of dental care. The present study measured the variables of pain, pressure, and discomfort caused by 4 commonly used local anesthesia injections: local infiltration, mental nerve block, inferior alveolar nerve block, and periodontal ligament injections. Patients were asked to grade pain, discomfort, and pressure on a visual analog scale as associated with needle insertion, operator finger position in the mouth, and pressure at injection. The inferior alveolar injection was graded to be the most painful followed by periodontal ligament and then mental nerve block injections. The periodontal ligament injections yielded the highest pressure scores. The inferior alveolar block injection yielded significantly more discomfort than local infiltration and mental nerve block injections when comparing finger and needle position. Local infiltration in the anterior maxillary region yielded the highest needle insertion and finger position discomfort scores. The present study suggests that the dental operator should be aware of local anesthesia injection pain, pressure, and discomfort together with efficacy of technique.

Adolescent↗