[Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
Elzbieta Radzikowska
Publications and source records attributed to Elzbieta Radzikowska.
Diagnostic difficulties in the differentiation of urine retention and developmental anomalies in the pelvicalyceal system in the ultrasound examination of children.
Ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity is part of the baseline diagnostics of urinary tract diseases. Dilatation of the pelvicalyceal system is one of the most frequent findings. In ultrasonography of the urinary tract there are, however, some images of anatomical anomalies of the pelvicalyceal system which should not be consider as abnormal. In the study we analysed 920 ultrasound examinations of the urinary tract. Of all the ultrasound images only those with isolated dilatation of the renal pelvises and calices were selected (130 cases). Ampulla-shaped and/or external pelvises, isolated calices or both abnormalities were disclosed in 104, 46 and 20 cases, respectively. In about one-third of patients additional examinations (voiding cystography, intravenous urography, renal scyntygraphy) were performed which revealed normal anatomy of the urinary tract and disorders of urine flow in 80% and 20% of patients, respectively. In conclusion, the study implies that not all dilatation of the pelvicalyceal system structures signifies urine retention, although in the event of further doubt, there is a need for additional diagnostics.
Adolescent↗
[Organizing pneumonia--analysis of 18 own cases].
Organizing pneumonia (OP) is a rarely diagnosed disease, however the incidence ratio was estimated as 6-7/100000. Disease can occur in cryptogenic form or as a secondary reaction to various noxious agents, drugs, and ionising radiation, as a concomitant disease to infections, lympho- and myeloproliferative disorders, and connective tissue diseases. Symptoms of OP are non-specific therefore lung biopsy and histological examination are necessary for diagnosis. Eighteen cases of OP, 15 women and 3 men, aged 40 to 76 years, are presented with analysis of clinicopathological characteristic and therapeutic problems. In all cases diagnosis was confirmed by open lung biopsy. In one case radiotherapy and in one trastuzumab treatment was the cause of OP. In further 3 women antibodies against Chlamydia pneumoniae and in one--against Mycoplasma pneumoniae were found in serum. Probably Hashimoto disease was the cause of one case. In 12 patients the OP was idiopathic. Majority of patients were treated by prednisone (0.5 mg/kg). In one patient regression without any treatment was noticed and in other one--after cessation of trastuzumab. Five women were treated by clarithromycin. In 3 of them regression was observed but in other 2 corticotherapy was necessary. The observation period ranged from 1 month to 9 years, mean 34 months.
Adult↗
[Pulmonary fibrosis in young patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis].
UNLABELLED: Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is more common in middle-aged individuals but has been also diagnosed in patients of all ages including infants and children. Host risk factors are poorly characterized. The aim of this paper is presentation of 6 young patients in whom HP was diagnosed at the stage of lung fibrosis. There were 5 females at the age of 16-35 years and 1 male at the age of 28 years. All of them were exposed to organic dust for many years. Three of them were asthenic with scoliosis, 5 had clubbing. All patients were released from sport exercises in school due to fatigue but the diagnostic procedures were started at that time only in 2 patients. One woman had been ill from early childhood (recurrent pneumonia was recognised). In the another girl (16 years old) the spontaneous pneumothorax was the cause of the first chest X-ray examination. In the next woman (21 years old) marked dyspnea was connected with pregnancy and massive fibrotic lesions were recognised after delivery of her child. The only man was diagnosed before change of his job; he had no complaints. Two oldest women (34 and 35 years old) were diagnosed in childhood but avoidance of antigen exposure and corticotherapy were not effective. In all patients precipitins against farmer's lung and pigeon fancier's lung antigens were found. In all patients chest X-ray showed features of advanced lung fibrosis. All patients were treated with steroids without improvement. Two patients died during corticotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: 1) HP could be taken into consideration during differential diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases, 2) Cough and dyspnea on exertion could be the first symptoms of chronic HP in children also.
Adolescent↗
[Organizing pneumonia--own experiences with clarithromycin treatment].
Organising pneumonia (OP) is a rare syndrome that has been associated with a variety of underlying disorders, including infections, collagen vascular diseases, toxic fumes, cancer, drugs and radiotherapy. Cryptogenic form is also observed. Steroids are usually effective in the treatment of OP, but other treatment regimens have been used as well. We present 5 women with OP, age ranged 57-76 years (mean - 67 years). Two of them were smokers and three were non-smokers. One patient was treated because of hyperthyreosis, one of COPD, and four had a hypertension. Four of them were diagnosed by the open lung biopsy and one by transbronchial lung biopsy. Dyspnoea (100%), cough (100%), fever (80%), weight loss (40%), chest pain (20%), were the most frequently noticed symptoms. All patients had bilateral consolidations with areas of ground glass attenuations at chest x-ray and HRCT. Migratory pattern of them was observed in four patients. Significant elevation of antibodies titers against Chlamydia pneumoniae was revealed in two patients. In all patients clarithromycin in a dose 0.5 g b.d. was administrated. Complete clinical and radiological remission was obtained after 3 months of clarithromycin therapy in 3 patients (one had Chlamydia antibodies). Two patients had not obtained significant improvement during the first two weeks of therapy so prednisolone in a dose 0.5 mg/kg/d was introduced. Also complete remission was noticed in these patients. The observation period ranged from 8 months to 4 years (mean - 34 months). Our study confirms that OP can be treated by the use of clarithromycin. It may be the alternative treatment, particularly for patients in whom probability of adverse reactions in the course of steroid treatment is high.
Aged↗
Activity of cathepsin B, D and L in rat cerebrum after cimetidine and famotidine administration.
Cathepsins are lysosomal enzymes that are used a sensitive markers in various toxicological investigations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the influence of cimetidine and famotidine on the cerebral cortex, particularly on the activity of cortical cathepsin B, D and L in the frontal lobe of rat brain. The drugs were administered intraperitoneally, twice a day, for six weeks to male Wistar rats in two doses. The initial dose was 2.85 mg/kg for cimetidine and 0.285 mg/kg for famotidine. The second dose was 10 times higher. Control animals were injected with 0.9% NaCl. Half of the animals from each of the drug-treated and control groups were sacrificed on the 42nd day of the experiment. The remaining animals were raised for another 6 weeks without any xenobiotics, and sacrificed on the 84th day. The frontal lobe of the right cerebral hemisphere was taken for biochemical investigation. The activities of free and bound fractions of cathepsin B, D and L were evaluated spectrophotometrically in cortical homogenates. The activity of bound fraction of cathepsin D and L decreased significantly in animals exposed to the higher dose of cimetidine and sacrificed on the 42nd day. Also significant elevation of the free fraction of cathepsin L was noted in the same group of rats. Cathepsin activities were normalized during the next six weeks. No behavioural changes were noted among the observed animals. Unlike cimetidine, famotidine did not change profiles of the cerebral cathepsins.
Animals↗
Mammary gland anatomy and the role of mammography and ultrasonography in the early diagnostics of breast cancer. A case report.
Progress in imaging techniques has brought a solution to the problem of the early diagnosis of breast cancer. An interesting case of breast cancer is presented here, pictures of the malignant tumour are demonstrated and the usefulness of new diagnostic methods analysed. The presentation of this case may contribute to greater effectiveness in early breast cancer detection.
Aged↗
Hepatic lysosomal enzymes activity and liver morphology after short-time omeprazole administration.
The aim of the study was to establish the influence of short-time omeprazole administration on liver function and morphology. Omeprazole was administered intraperitoneally, twice daily, for 3 days to male Wistar rats in two doses: 0.571 mg/kg and 5.71 mg/kg. Control animals were treated with physiological saline. Half of the animals were sacrificed 12 hours after the last injection. The remaining rats were raised for another 6 weeks, without any xenobiotics, and sacrificed on the 47th day of the experiment. The activity of free and bound fractions of hepatic acid phosphatase, beta-galactosidase, beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, cathepsin B, D and L, lipase, and sulphatase were determined spectrophotometrically in homogenates of the liver. The liver sections were examined by light microscopy with hematoxylin-eosin, azan, and periodic acid-Schiff stains. Marginally significant (p < 0.1) differences in activity of free sulphatase fraction, and free and bound fractions of beta-galactosidase were found in animals exposed to the higher dose of omeprazole and sacrificed 12 hours after the last injection. Enzymatic profiles were normalised during the next 6 weeks. Histological evaluation revealed small degenerative and adaptive changes in all examined groups. It could be concluded that observed differences of hepatic lysosomal enzyme activities were the result of accompanied chemical-induced peritonitis as previously reported, and not a direct drug-toxic effect.
Animals↗
Estrogen and progesterone receptors in non small cell lung cancer patients.
The role of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of lung cancer is still unknown. There are conflicting results regarding immunohistochemical detection of the estrogen and progesterone receptors expression in non small cell lung cancer. To clarify these discrepancies 32 samples of lung carcinoma tissues obtained by lobectomy or pneumonectomy were studied. Two monoclonal antibodies (6F11 and ID5) for estrogen receptor detection and one (1A6) for progesterone receptor detection were used. Eighteen adenocarcinoma and 14 squamous cell carcinoma cases were investigated. There were 11 women and 7 men with adenocarcinoma and 4 women and 10 men with squamous cell carcinoma. Weak (+1) nuclear estrogen hormone receptor expression was detected in only one specimen of a woman with adenocarcinoma and in one specimen of a man with squamous cancer. None of the 32 blocks of paraffin embedded specimens expressed progesterone receptor. The positive estrogen and progesterone receptors expression in cancer tissue is an important argument against the pulmonary origin of the unknown primary tumor.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Usefulness of antibodies against A60 mycobacterial antigen in tuberculosis diagnosis].
Diagnosis of tuberculosis is based on clinico-radiological symptoms and on identification of mycobacteria. Accuracy of both methods is limited. Therefore reliable serologic test would have considerable advantage. The goal of our study was to evaluate serologic response against A60 mycobacterial antigen in group of 270 patients (pts) (137 pts with active tuberculosis (TB), 15 pts with mycobacterial infections other than TB (MOTT), 58 pts with sarcoidosis, 26 pts with lung cancer and 34 healthy controls. We used commercially available ELISA based kits against antigen A60 (ANDA-TB). Specificity of 87% for IgG, of 94% for IgA and for IgM, of 85% for IgG + IgA, of 89% for IgA + IgM, of 80% for IgG + IgM, and of 79% for IgG + IgA + IgM was achieved. Sensitivity of 40% for IgG, of 30% for IgA, of 18% for IgM, of 56% for IgG + IgA, of 35% for IgM + IgA, of 50% for IgG + IgM, and of 59% for IgG + IgA + IgM was obtained. The results demonstrated that humoral response differs depends on the immunoglobulin class. Measurements of IgG or IgG and IgA as most sensitive against A60 are potentially more useful serological tests in clinical practice. It is not recommended to use tests based on antigen A60 for differentiation tuberculosis and MOTT.
Antigens, Bacterial↗
[Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) serum level as a prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer].
The aim of the study was to assess the significance of elevated NSE serum level in NSCLC patients for tumor response to chemotherapy and for survival. The NSE serum level above 12.5 mg/l was regarded as elevated. We found elevated serum level of NSE in 71 of 146 patients (48.6%) at the time of diagnosis of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer, independently to age, sex, performance status and histological type of cancer. All patients were treated using cisplatin based combination chemotherapy. 44 patients were treated with cisplatin/etoposide (group PE), 37 with cisplatin/vinblastine (group PV), 20 with cisplatin/vinorelbine (group PN) and 58 with cisplatin/etoposide/vinblastine (group PEV) combination. In 26.7% partial response and in another 21.2% minimal regression were found after chemotherapy. Partial response was observed in 38% patients with elevated NSE serum level but only in 16% patients with normal NSE serum level and difference was significant (p = 0.0153). Median survival time was 8.5 months for the whole group with no difference according to serum level of NSE. One-year survival rate was 29% and 9 patients survived 24 month or more. We conclude that although the tumor in patients with elevated NSE serum levels regress more frequently than in others it does not influence their survival.
Adult↗
[Pulmonary mycobacterioses--frequency of occurrence, clinical spectrum and predisposing factors].
Various types of non-tuberculous mycobacteria can be the aetiologic factors of chronic lung infections especially in patients with underlying chronic lung diseases. The aim of this study is to present the cases of pulmonary mycobacterioses observed in Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases in the years 1995-2001. There were 23 patients, 12 men and 11 women in the age between 35-77 years, mean 56 years. 16 out of 23 patients had underlying respiratory problems, mainly healed tuberculosis (7) and COPD (6). Two additional patients suffered from other diseases with potential immunosuppression (leukopenia). In 5 patients no disease other than mycobacteriosis was found, but they were chronic smokers. In 19 cases cough and expectoration of purulent sputum lasting from several months to several years was observed. In 5 patients onset of disease was acute or subacute with high fever. Eight patients had haemoptysis. In chest X-ray pathological lesions including (18 cases) lung cirrhosis (10) and cavities (15) were found. In 4 cases disseminated bronchiectases with small nodules were the main radiologic feature. Mycobacteriosis was caused by M. kansasii in 11 cases, by M. intracellularae in 6, by M. xenopi in 5 and by M. scrofulaceum in 1 case.
Adult↗