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Estelle Pitard

Publications and source records attributed to Estelle Pitard.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

Finite-size effects and intermittency in a simple aging system.

We study the intermittent dynamics and the fluctuations of the dynamic correlation function of a simple aging system. Given its size L and its coherence length xi , the system can be divided into N independent subsystems, where N= (L/xi)(d), and d is the dimension of space. Each of them is considered as an aging subsystem which evolves according to an activated dynamics between energy levels. We compute analytically the distribution of trapping times for the global system, which can take power-law, stretched-exponential or exponential forms according to the values of N and the regime of times considered. An effective number of subsystems at age t(w), N(eff) (t(w)), can be defined, which decreases as t(w) increases, as well as an effective coherence length, xi (t(w)) approximately tw ((1-mu)/d), where mu<1 characterizes the trapping times distribution of a single subsystem. We also compute the probability distribution functions of the time intervals between large decorrelations, which exhibit different power-law behaviors as t(w) increases (or N decreases), and which should be accessible experimentally. Finally, we calculate the probability distribution function of the two-time correlator. We show that in a phenomenological approach, where N is replaced by the effective number of subsystems N(eff) (t(w)), the same qualitative behaviour as in experiments and simulations of several glassy systems can be obtained.

Journal Article↗

Structure factor of polymers interacting via a short range repulsive potential: application to hairy wormlike micelles.

We use the random phase approximation to compute the structure factor S(q) of a solution of chains interacting through a soft and short range repulsive potential V. Above a threshold polymer concentration, whose magnitude is essentially controlled by the range of the potential, S(q) exhibits a peak whose position depends on the concentration. We take advantage of the close analogy between polymers and wormlike micelles and apply our model, using a Gaussian function for V, to quantitatively analyze experimental small angle neutron scattering profiles of solutions of hairy wormlike micelles. These samples, which consist in surfactant self-assembled flexible cylinders decorated by amphiphilic copolymer, provide indeed an appropriate experimental model system to study the structure of sterically interacting polymer solutions.

Journal Article↗

Glassy behavior of a homopolymer from molecular dynamics simulations.

We study at- and out-of-equilibrium dynamics of a single homopolymer chain at low temperature using molecular dynamics. The main quantities of interest are the average root mean square displacement of the monomers below the theta point, and the structure factor, as a function of time. The observation of these quantities show a close resemblance to those measured in structural glasses and suggest that the polymer chain in its low temperature phase is in a glassy phase, with its dynamics dominated by traps. In equilibrium, at low temperature, we observe the trapping of the monomers and a slowing down of the overall motion of the polymer as well as nonexponential relaxation of the structure factor. Out of equilibrium, at low temperatures, we compute the two-time quantities and observe breaking of ergodicity in a range of waiting times, with the onset of aging.

Biophysics↗