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Eun Kyung Hong

Publications and source records attributed to Eun Kyung Hong.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Dose-volumetric parameters predicting radiation-induced hepatic toxicity in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy.

PURPOSE: To identify the dose-volumetric parameters associated with the risk of radiation-induced hepatic toxicity (RIHT) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: A total of 105 hepatocellular carcinoma patients underwent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (total dose range, 44-58.5 Gy; median, 54). RIHT was scored within 4 months of completing three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. The dose-volume parameters analyzed were the gross tumor volume; normal liver volume; total liver volume; radiation dose; mean dose to the normal liver; percentage of the normal liver volume receiving > or =20, > or =25, > or =30, > or =35, and > or =40 Gy; percentage of the total liver volume receiving > or =20, > or =25, > or =30, > or =35, and > or =40 Gy; and the normal tissue complication probability. RESULTS: Of the 105 patients, Grade 1 RIHT was observed in 21 (20.0%), Grade 2 in 7 (6.7%), Grade 3 in 5 (4.8%), and Grade 4 in 1 (1.0%) patient. No fatal Grade 5 RIHT developed. On multivariate analysis for predicting Grade 2 or worse RIHT, the total liver volume receiving > or =30 Gy was the only significant parameter (p < 0.001). Grade 2 or worse RIHT was observed in only 2 (2.4%) of 85 patients with a total liver volume receiving 30 Gy of < or =60% and in 11 (55.0%) of 20 patients with >60% (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The total liver volume receiving > or =30 Gy appears to be a useful dose-volumetric parameter for predicting the risk of RIHT. This volume should be limited to < or =60% whenever possible to minimize the risk of Grade 2 or worse RIHT.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

A pilot trial of gemcitabine and vinorelbine plus capecitabine in locally advanced or metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer.

OBJECTIVES: We conducted a pilot study of gemcitabine, vinorelbine and capecitabine combination to evaluate its toxicity and efficacy in chemo-naive patients with locally advanced or metastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after a short phase IB trial. METHODS: Eligible chemo-naive patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC received outpatient administration of gemcitabine 900 mg/m2 and vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks, concurrently with capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 given orally twice a day on days 1 to 5 and 8 to 12 (dose level I), or days 1 to 6 and 8 to 13 (dose level II). RESULTS: Between November 2002 and December 2003, 19 patients participated in the study at either dose level I (7 patients) or dose level II (12 patients). The maximum tolerated dose, defined as the dose at which no more than 1 of 6 patients in a cohort experienced a dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in the first cycle, was not established. However, 1 of 7 patients at dose level I, and 2 of 12 at dose level II experienced DLTs (ie, grade 3 hepatotoxicity in 2 patients, and grade 3 febrile neutropenia in 1 patient). In addition, 2 patients experienced treatment-related pneumonitis requiring mechanical ventilator support after the second course of therapy. Objective tumor response was observed in 5 (26.3%) of 19 patients. Further patient accrual was stopped according to the study design. CONCLUSIONS: This 3-drug combination showed disappointing antitumor activity against NSCLC with unexpected life-threatening pulmonary toxicity. No further investigation of this regimen is recommended for patients with NSCLC.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2006

Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients for whom transcatheter arterial chemoembolization was ineffective or unsuitable.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients for whom transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was ineffective or unsuitable, and to determine whether tumor response and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) response to treatment were prognostic factors for overall survival. METHODS: From July 2001 to June 2005, 70 unresectable HCC patients were treated with 3D-CRT; PVT was present in 41 patients. A daily radiation dose ranging from 2 to 3 Gy was administered using 6 or 15 MV x-rays to deliver a total dose between 44 and 54 Gy. RESULTS: Of 70 patients, follow-up computed tomography showed that primary tumor responses were complete response (CR) in 4 (5.7%) patients, partial response (PR) in 34 (48.6%), no response (NR) in 28 (37.1%), and progressive disease (PD) in 4 (8.6%). Of 41 patients with PVT, PVT responses were CR in 4 (9.7%) patients, PR in 12 (29.3%), NR in 20 (48.8%), and PD in 5 (12.2%). The median survival times were 18.0 and 20.1 month in the primary tumor and the PVT responders (CR + PR), respectively, which were longer than the 6.8 and 7.2 months in the primary tumor and the PVT nonresponders (NR + PD), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: 3D-CRT was associated with a 54.3% objective response rate for primary tumors and a 39.0% objective response rate for PVT. Both primary tumor and PVT responses were found to be prognostic factors for overall survival. The present results suggest 3D-CRT is a practical treatment option in HCC patients for whom TACE is ineffective or unsuitable.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[A case of hepatectomy for liver metastasis after pancreatoduodenectomy for carcinoma of ampulla of Vater].

After curative resection of carcinoma of ampulla of Vater, 5-year survival rate has been reported ranging from 40% to 60%. Two major causes of the treatment failure are local recurrence and liver metastasis. Liver metastases are often multiple and are associated with poor prognosis. There have been few reports on long-term survivors after hepatectomy for metastatic liver tumors from carcinoma of ampulla of Vater. We report a 42 year-old female patient with solitary hepatic metastasis from carcinoma of ampulla of Vater, which was successfully treated by hepatectomy 69 months after curative Whipple's operation. Histologic examination of the resected specimen had revealed stage IB moderately-differentiated, intestinal type adenocarcinoma (T2N0M0). Since neither local recurrence or distant metastasis were detected, the patient underwent liver segmentectomy. Histologic study confirmed the presence of metastatic liver tumor from carcinoma of ampulla of Vater. She is doing well without evidence of recurrence at 20 months after hepatectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Gefitinib as a first-line therapy of advanced or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung in never-smokers.

PURPOSE: A subset of patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung who had never smoked cigarettes showed excellent tumor responses to gefitinib therapy. To evaluate the efficacy of gefitinib as a first-line therapy in this subgroup of patients, we conducted a phase II study. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Eligible patients had no smoking history, stage IIIB or IV adenocarcinoma, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 2, and adequate organ functions. Treatment consisted of daily oral administration ofF 250 mg gefitinib for 28 days until disease progression. Responses were assessed after every two cycles of therapy. RESULTS: Of 37 patients enrolled, 36 were assessed for response. Twenty-five patients (69%) had partial response, 4 (11%) had stable disease, and 7 (19%) had progressive disease. Of 10 patients with evaluable brain metastases, 7 had objective responses in both intracranial and extracranial lesions, 1 had stable disease in the brain and dramatic response in the extracranial lesions, and 2 had progressive disease in both sites. After a median follow-up of 48 weeks (range, 4-70 weeks), 26 patients had disease progression, with median progression-free survival of 33 weeks, and 9 patients died, all due to disease progression. The median survival time has not been reached yet but the estimated 1-year survival rate was 73%. Common toxicities were skin rash and mild diarrhea but there was no significant hematologic toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: Gefitinib showed very dramatic antitumor activity, even in the brain, with unprecedented survival outcome in never-smoker adenocarcinoma patients. These data support the use of gefitinib as a first-line therapy in this particular subgroup.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2005

[A case of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the pancreas].

Osteoclast-like giant cell tumor of the pancreas is a very rare tumor. Despite their striking morphologic resemblance to certain mesenchymal tumors of bone and tendon sheath, it has been suggested that these tumors may arise from epithelial precursors. This unusual tumor presents in the 6th or 7th decade with a nearly equal gender ratio. Pure forms of osteoclast-like giant cell tumor have a better prognosis because they have a predilection to local spread, are slower to metastasize and rarely metastasize to lymph nodes, but these forms are very rare. We present an osteoclast-like giant cell tumor arising in the body of the pancreas in a 71 year-old male patient. The tumor was composed of two major cell types: atypical mononuclear cells and abundant osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemical studies showed that atypical cells were strongly reactive for vimentin and focally reactive for cytokeratin. In contrast, the giant cells were immunoreactive for CD68, but negative for cytokeratin. Three months later, the tumor size increased and liver metastasis was newly developed. He died at 11 months after the diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Phenotypic alterations of mucins and cytokeratins during gallbladder carcinogenesis.

In order to evaluate the significance of altered expression of mucin and cytokeratin during gallbladder carcinogenesis, we characterized the expressional profiles of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6, CK7 and CK20 in 33 normal mucosa, 31 adenomas, 55 dysplasias and 131 carcinomas of the gallbladder. In normal gallbladder mucosa, the expressions of MUC5AC and MUC6 were diffuse and MUC1 expression was absent. However, in adenomas, dysplasias and carcinomas, the expressions of MUC5AC and MUC6 tended to decrease, whereas MUC1 expression was elevated. MUC2 and CK20 were infrequently expressed in all of the gallbladder epithelia, but adenomas expressing MUC2 and/or CK20 were more frequently associated with carcinomas and showed a higher grade of atypia than those without these antigens. In carcinomas, MUC1 expression was related to invasive growth, lymph node metastasis and a non-papillotubular type, whereas MUC6 expression was related to non-invasive growth. CK7 was diffusely expressed in almost all lesions, but carcinomas with a loss of CK7 expression showed poor survival. In conclusion, normal gallbladder mucosa has a gastric phenotype, but during carcinogenesis and tumor progression, the gastric phenotype is gradually lost and the aberrant expression of MUC1 occurs. The intestinal phenotype is not common in the gallbladder.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2003

A phase II study of weekly docetaxel plus capecitabine for patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Docetaxel is an active agent in advanced nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and demonstrates preclinical and clinical synergism with capecitabine. We conducted the current Phase II study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the docetaxel/capecitabine combination in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC. METHODS: Eligibility required Stage IIIB or IV NSCLC, bidimensionally measurable disease, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score of 2 or lower. Treatment consisted of docetaxel 36 mg/m(2) intravenously on Days 1 and 8 plus capecitabine 1000 mg/m(2) orally twice per day on Days 1-14 of a 21-day cycle, for a maximum of 6 cycles. RESULTS: Of 39 patients enrolled, 39 and 36 patients were evaluated for toxicity and response, respectively. The overall response rate was 53% (95% confidence interval [CI], 37-69%) with 19 partial responses (no complete response). The median duration of response was 6.2 months (range, 2.1-15.7 months). At a median follow-up of 14.2 months, 19 patients died. The median overall survival time was 17.8 months, with a 1-year survival rate of 56.4% (95% CI, 40.9-72.0%). There were two treatment-related deaths (one death due to pneumonia and one due to sepsis). Hematologic toxicity was mild to moderate. Thirteen percent of the patients had Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia. However, Grade 2 or 3 nonhematologic toxicities were frequent, which included asthenia (51%), stomatitis (33%), hand-foot syndrome (33%), and diarrhea (29%). CONCLUSIONS: The docetaxel/capecitabine combination showed promising antitumor activity for chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced NSCLC, However, it was frequently associated with moderate-to-severe nonhematologic toxicities, suggesting clinical synergism in both efficacy and toxicity. Further adjustment of the dose schedule is recommended to maximize the therapeutic index.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Death receptor 5 and Bcl-2 protein expression as predictors of tumor response to gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

The cytotoxic effects of gemcitabine (G) and cisplatin (C) seem to occur through induction of apoptosis. To examine whether the efficacy of GC chemotherapy might be influenced by the expression of death receptor 5 (DR5) and Bcl-2 of the tumor, we investigated the correlation between the tumor response rate and DR5 and Bcl-2 expression in a series of patients prospectively treated with GC. Thirty-four chemotherapy naïve patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) received intravenously 1000 mg/m2 gemcitabine on d 1 and 8 along with 80 mg/m2 cisplatin on d 2, every 21 d. Tumor specimens were analyzed for DR5 and Bcl-2 expression by immunohistochemistry. The objective response rate was 56% (19 of 34 patients). With median follow-up of 10 mo, the predicted median survival time was 12 mo (95% confidence interval [CI], 9-15 mo). Eleven (32%) and 14 (41%) NSCLC cases were found positive for DR5 and Bcl-2, respectively. The response rate was significantly higher in patients with DR5 expression than those without DR5 expression (91% vs 39%; p = 0.008). Patients with Bcl-2 expression were apparently less responsive than those without Bcl-2 expression (21% vs 80%; p = 0.001). DR5 and Bcl-2 expression was significantly associated with response to GC chemotherapy. Therefore, DR5 and Bcl-2 status are useful factors for predicting the efficacy of GC.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Tumors of the central nervous system in Korea: a multicenter study of 3221 cases.

The Neuropathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists conducted a nationwide collection of central nervous system (CNS) tumors to evaluate the relative frequency in Korea of CNS tumors belonging to the revised World Health Organization (WHO) classification categories. A total of 3221 histologically proven cases of CNS tumors were collected from 13 institutes between 1997 and 1998. All the cases were classified according to the revised WHO histological types and analyzed for the relative frequency, the distribution of age and sex, and location of tumors. The most frequent type of CNS tumors in Korea was meningiomas, followed by pituitary adenoma, glioblastoma, astrocytoma, and schwannoma. Among the pediatric CNS tumors, pilocytic astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, craniopharyngioma, germ cell tumors, and ependymomas were common types of tumors. Compared with a previous nationwide study, the rates for neuronal/glial tumors, glioblastoma, malignant lymphoma, and cystic lesion were increased, and the rate of embryonal tumors was decreased. The overall male to female ratio was 0.9: 1, which may be attributed to the greater number of female-predominate meningiomas and pituitary adenoma. Compared with Western countries, Koreans had higher rates of pituitary adenoma and meningiomas and lower rate of gliomas. The relative frequency of CNS tumors among Koreans is very similar to that reported in Taiwan. The occurrence rates for various subtypes of CNS tumors in Korea are distinct from those in the United States and Europe and similar in many ways to those in Asian and Mexican population.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Expression of cytokeratins 7 and 20 in primary carcinomas of the stomach and colorectum and their value in the differential diagnosis of metastatic carcinomas to the ovary.

The expressions of cytokeratin (CK) 7 and 20 have been studied in various primary and metastatic carcinomas, and their determination may help distinguish the site of origin of metastatic carcinomas. However, little is known about the factors that determine variations in their expression patterns in primary gastric and colorectal carcinomas. We investigated the expressions of CK7 and CK20 in 289 cases of gastric carcinoma and 225 cases of colorectal carcinoma using a tissue microarray. To evaluate CK7 and CK20 expression patterns of ovarian metastases from gastric or colorectal carcinomas, 54 cases of metastatic carcinomas to the ovary were examined. It was found that 71% (207 of 289) of the gastric carcinomas stained positively for CK7, whereas only 9% (21 of 225) of the colorectal carcinomas proved to be CK7 positive, and that 41% (117 of 289) of the gastric carcinomas and 73% (165 of 225) of the colorectal carcinomas were CK20 positive. The proportion of CK7+/CK20- was highest in the gastric carcinomas at 46% (132 of 289), and was independent of the histologic classification of Lauren (46% of the intestinal type, 45% of the diffuse type). The CK7 and CK20 expression patterns were different in colorectal carcinomas according to histologic grade and location of the tumor. CK7-/CK20+ had the greatest proportion (68%) in colorectal carcinomas, and this was dependent on the tumor's histologic grade (75% of low-grade versus 52% of high-grade) and location (46% of right-sided versus 76% of left-sided). Moreover, 42% (18 of 43) of gastric carcinomas metastatic to the ovary were CK7+/CK20-, whereas 19% (8 of 43) were CK7-/CK20+. All colorectal cancers metastatic to the ovary were CK7-/CK20+, except 1 case that was CK7-/CK20-. In conclusion, the CK7 and CK20 expression patterns in primary gastric carcinomas vary considerably, and those in colorectal carcinomas are associated with histologic grade and tumor location. The CK7-/CK20+ expression pattern is specific for metastatic colorectal carcinomas to the ovary, but has low predictability for colorectal origin in metastatic ovarian carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2002

Primary retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma: a case report.

A case of a 36-yr-old woman with retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma is described. Her presenting symptom was epigastric pain that radiating to the back. On radiologic study, bulky retropancreatic soft tissue mass was detected which showed cystic and solid components. At operation, complete resection of the tumor was not possible because of the adhesion to the vena cava and the liver. During the follow-up, extensive tumor recurrence and liver metastasis were revealed. Primary retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma is a very rare malignant tumor with high mortality and recurrence rates. Retroperitoneal synovial sarcoma usually appears as a nonspecific soft tissue mass that do not have specific imaging features differentiating it from other mesenchymal tumors. However general radiologic findings and anatomic location of the tumor may help the diagnosis. In addition, synovial sarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal soft tissue mass detected in young adults.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Segmental colonic involvement of plexiform neurofibroma in neurofibromatosis type 1.

In a 36-year-old man with neurofibromatosis type 1, rare colonic involvement of plexiform neurofibroma is presented. The diagnosis was confirmed by operation. Radiologic findings consisted of marked concentric thickening of the colonic wall with variable attenuation, namely, a "multilayer appearance," as well as clusters of multiple soft tissue nodules in the mesentery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of beta-catenin and E-cadherin in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of the stomach.

beta-catenin plays an important role in the Wnt signaling pathway and the E-cadherin-catenin complex plays a critical role in the maintenance of normal tissue architecture. An alteration of any of the components of the E-cadherin-catenin complex is believed to result in the loss of cell-cell adhesion and to contribute to carcinogenesis. In order to evaluate such alterations in the gastric adenoma-carcinoma sequence, the abnormal expression of beta-catenin and E-cadherin and the mutations of beta-catenin exon 3 were studied. In the case of beta-catenin, nuclear immunoreactivity was noted in 17 (11.3%) out of 150 adenomas and 19 (17.1%) out of 111 carcinomas (p = 0.18). Among 51 gastric adenomas, no mutations were detected by direct sequencing analysis. The loss of membranous expression of both beta-catenin and E-cadherin linearly increased with tumor progression, however, beta-catenin loss was more frequent than E-cadherin. Our results show that the nuclear expression and membranous loss of beta-catenin without exon 3 mutation is relatively frequent in gastric adenomas. These suggest that alteration of other genes is primarily responsible for the nuclear translocation of beta-catenin in gastric adenomas.

Adenoma↗