Biomedical subjects

F A Abreu e Silva

Publications and source records attributed to F A Abreu e Silva.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Clinical course of postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans.

We performed a prospective observational study to define the clinical course and the prognostic factors of 31 patients with postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans. All patients presented with an episode of acute bronchiolitis in the first 2 years of life, and respiratory symptoms and signs persisted since then. Other diseases which may cause chronic airflow obstruction were excluded. The patients were followed after their inclusion in the study and the clinical findings were recorded in a standardized questionnaire and form. Repeated chest radiographs and lung perfusion scans were obtained in all 31 patients and semiannual spirometry was performed in 8 older patients. Eight patients had lung biopsies. The clinical course varied in the 31 patients during a mean of 3.5 years of follow-up. The outcome of the patients included clinical remission (22.6%), persistence of respiratory symptoms and signs (67.7%), and death (9.7%). An older age at onset of illness and presence of atopy as suggested by an elevated serum IgE appeared to predispose to a poor prognosis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1986

Sleep apnoea during upper respiratory infection and metabolic alkalosis in infancy.

Three to four hour polygraphic sleep studies were carried out in 10 infants, five with upper respiratory infection and five with metabolic alkalosis secondary to vomiting during and after recovery from illness. During upper respiratory infection, the main abnormality detected was brief (greater than 3 less than 6 seconds) or prolonged (greater than 6 seconds) attacks of obstructive apnoea. Other indices of apnoea were similar to recovery data. Gross body movements were also increased. In infants with metabolic alkalosis indices of central apnoea were significantly increased when compared with recovery or case control data. Prolonged (greater than 15 seconds) attacks of central apnoea and obstructive apnoea (greater than 6 seconds) were only observed during illness. Gross body movements and periodic breathing were also increased. These findings suggest that the functional consequences of apparently 'mild' illnesses in young infants may be greater than is generally suspected and perhaps relevant to mechanism(s) of death in sudden infant death syndrome.

Alkalosis↗

PubMed1986

Sleep apnoea in infants with congenital stridor.

Indices of central apnoea, respiration rate, heart rate, and body movements were comparable in seven infants with congenital stridor (infantile larynx) and matched controls. Obstructive sleep apnoea was only observed in three of seven infants with stridor. Periodic breathing was less common in infants with stridor than in controls.

Female↗

PubMed1985

Sleep apnoea in infancy.

Serial polygraphic sleep studies were carried out in 86 index infants (33 'symptomatic', 24 siblings of infants with the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), 29 'near-miss' for SIDS) and 11 healthy controls. Brief (greater than or equal to 3 less than 6 sec) or prolonged (greater than or equal to 6 sec) obstructive apnoea was observed only in index caes, and coincided with symptoms due to associated illnesses (usually respiratory). Their prevalence was comparable in 'symptomatic' and 'near-miss' groups--39% and 35% respectively. Prolonged (greater than or equal to 20 sec) central apnoea was seen only in pre-term 'near-miss' infants. Dips in transcutaneous oxygen tension greater than or equal to 15 mmHg occurred during sleep in 17% of 'symptomatic' infants and 19% of 'near-miss' cases, usually in association with obstructive or central apnoea. Diminution or disappearance of these abnormalities following clinical recovery from 'minor' illnesses suggested that they were the result of such illnesses.

Electrocardiography↗

PubMed1984

Home monitoring for central apnoea.

Between July 1978 and December 1981, 64 infants thought to be at increased risk from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) were monitored at home for central apnoea. Twenty four of the infants had had a 'near miss' episode at age, median (range), 6 (1 to 33) weeks, and of these infants 22 had had 335 alarms for apnoea by age 6 months. Stimulation by shaking was carried out on 38 occasions and bag and mask resuscitation on one. The remaining 40 infants were siblings of SIDS victims and of these, 35 were monitored from age 1 week (usually after discharge home). Thirty four of the SIDS siblings had had 573 alarms for apnoea by age 6 months: stimulation by shaking was carried out on 32 occasions and bag and mask resuscitation on one. The duration of home monitoring was, median (range), 34 (8 to 87) weeks for 'near miss' infants and 45 (12 to 70) weeks for SIDS siblings. All infants survived. As part of an over all support system monitors were accepted and greatly appreciated by most parents, especially those with previous experience of SIDS. Home monitoring was practicable but the commitment in time and expertise was great and objective benefits to the infant remain unproved.

Apnea↗

PubMed1982

Sleep apnoea in acute bronchiolitis.

Three- to 4-hour polygraphic sleep studies were carried out in 16 infants aged between 1 and 6 months during and after recovery from acute bronchiolitis. During bronchiolitis 35% of total sleep time was active sleep compared with 31% after recovery. Respiration rate was increased during bronchiolitis and was higher in active sleep and quiet sleep irrespective of the stage of the illness. Apnoeic pauses were invariably shorter than 15 seconds, the mean duration for active sleep and quiet sleep being similar during infection and after recovery. Apnoeic episodes were central in type and generally initiated by a sign or body movements. Preapnoea heart rate was significantly higher than during or after apnoea. Apnoea index (the percentage of time the baby spends apnoeic), apnoea attack rate (the number of episodes of apnoea per unit time), and apnoea percentage (the distribution of episodes of apnoea while in a given sleep state) were increased significantly in quiet sleep during the index illness. Transcutaneous oxygen tension was significantly reduced during the course of infection, but comparable values were obtained in active sleep and quiet sleep during initial and recovery periods. These results show that the main changes in respiration pattern during the course of acute bronchiolitis occur in quiet sleep.

Acute Disease↗