Primitive neuroectodermal tumors.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
F A Beemer
Publications and source records attributed to F A Beemer.
Duplication in chromosome 15q in a boy with the Prader-Willi syndrome; further cytogenetic confusion.
We describe a six-year-old boy with the typical features of Prader-Willi syndrome. Cytogenetic investigation revealed a chromosome aberration that has not been described yet, i.e. a duplication in the proximal half of 15q. Based upon banding-pattern the exact nature of the duplicated part could not be delineated. Both parents had a normal karyotype. Various hypotheses concerning the relationship between Prader-Willi syndrome and various chromosome 15 abnormalities are discussed.
Child↗
Partial trisomy 11q due to paternal t(11q;18p); further delineation of the clinical picture.
We describe an eleven-months-old girl with a partial trisomy 11q due to a paternal t(11;18)(q142;p1131). Clinical symptoms include severe psychomotor retardation, microcephaly, cleft palate, large, beaked nose, micrognathia, short hands and proximally placed thumbs. Moreover, a partial agenesis of the callosal body and a perineal mid-line malformation are present. The clinical picture of the index case is compared with relevant findings in patients with a partial trisomy (11q) and partial monosomy (18p) (Aksu 1977).
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Familial partial monosomy 5p and trisomy 5q; three cases due to paternal pericentric inversion 5 (p151q333).
A family is described in which the mother's 9 pregnancies ended in the birth of 2 healthy girls, 4 spontaneous abortions and 3 infants with multiple congenital malformations as bird-headed appearance, pre- and postnatal growth deficiency, microcephaly, micrognathia with small mouth and cat-like cry. Two of the three affected sibs had complex cardiac malformations incompatible with life; the third had a bicuspid aortic valve. Chromosomal investigation revealed an abnormal karyotype: 46,XX,rec(5),dupq,inv(5)(p151q333)pat, leading to a partial monosomy 5p and partial trisomy 5q. A large pericentric inversion of chromosome 5 was found in the father: 46,XY,inv(5)(p151q333) as well as in the firstborn healthy female sib. The clinical features partly fit the partial monosomy 5p as well as the partial trisomy 5q syndrome.
Adult↗
Peters'-plus: a new syndrome.
The authors present 11 patients with Peters' anomaly, short stature, brachymorphy, mental retardation, abnormal ears and cheilo(gnatho)palatoschisis. The condition can be relatively mild, but also even lethal in the fetal period.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Roentgencephalometric measurements in trisomy 8 mosaicism: report of three cases.
Roentgencephalometric anomalies in three cases of Warkany syndrome (trisomy 8 mosaicism) are described. These include asymmetry of the mandible with a wide gonial angle and a high and narrow symphysis; SNA (anteroposterior position of maxilla) and SNB (anteroposterior position of mandible) values indicate a backward position of the mandible. Other findings point to a disturbance in the vertical growth of the facial skeleton. These measurements may explain at least part of the facial phenotype and may aid in diagnosis, especially in those cases with an uncertain clinical diagnosis and "normal" karyotype in peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Adult↗
[Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome].
The Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome is a probably autosomal recessively inherited disorder characterized by mental retardation, dwarfism, and skeletal abnormalities especially of the spine, pelvis and hands. It is possibly caused by a disturbance in the protoglycan metabolism. Two Moroccan sibs with this syndrome are described, the first in Dutch literature.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
A new short rib syndrome: report of two cases.
We describe two unrelated malformed infants who died shortly after birth and who had multiple congenital anomalies including hydrops and ascites, facial abnormalities (with median cleft of the upper lip), narrow thorax, protuberant abdomen, and short, bowed limbs. Postmortem radiographs showed very short ribs and disproportionately short long tubular bones; no metaphyseal abnormalities were present. Comparison with earlier described short-rib/short-rib-polydactyly syndromes suggest that the disorder present in our two cases is a new type of short-rib syndrome. One of our patients was born to a consanguineous couple; in a subsequent pregnancy, real-time ultrasonography in the second trimester showed that the female fetus had the same abnormalities as its sib. Diagnosis was confirmed after elective abortion. This suggests that this short-rib syndrome may be an autosomal recessive disorder.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
The Pena-Shokeir syndrome: report of five cases and further delineation of the syndrome.
We report on five cases of lethal Pena-Shokeir syndrome from three families with affected sibs. In addition to multiple anklyoses, camptodactyly, facial anomalies, and pulmonary hypoplasia, one fetus had pterygia of the neck and axillae and cardiac hypoplasia. Radiographic changes are nonspecific and probably are related to a lack of intrauterine movement. Our data and review of the literature suggest that pterygium formation is one of the manifestations of the Pena-Shokeir syndrome. A recently described lethal form of the recessively inherited multiple pterygium syndrome may represent a severe form of the Pena-Shokeir syndrome.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Absence of hepatic molybdenum cofactor: an inborn error of metabolism leading to a combined deficiency of sulphite oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase.
Five patients with a combined deficiency of xanthine dehydrogenase, sulphite oxidase and, possibly, also of aldehyde oxidase are described. This remarkable coincidence of three inborn errors of metabolism in a single individual was demonstrated to result from a deficiency of the 'molybdenum cofactor', an essential constituent of all three enzymes. The main biochemical findings in these patients included: hypouricaemia, xanthinuria, an increased excretion of sulphite, thiosulphate and S-SUL-sulphocysteine and a decreased excretion of inorganic sulphate. Plasma molybdenum was normal. The ultimate diagnosis was made by the measurement of 'molybdenum cofactor' in a liver biopsy specimen in three out of five patients. The clinical hallmarks in these patients were: feeding difficulties, mental retardation, neurological symptoms, lens dislocation, an abnormal muscle tone, myoclonia and an abnormal physiognomy. The majority of these were already present in the neonatal period. So far, attempts at treatment have been unsuccessful.
Child, Preschool↗
A lethal neonatal variant of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase deficiency in combination with an intermediate activity of L-ornithine: 2-oxoglutarate amino-transferase.
Shortly after birth, a newborn girl developed anorexia, hypotonia, apneic attacks and seizures. After 61 h the child died in coma. Biochemically, a highly elevated blood ammonia level was found together with an increased plasma level of the amino acids mainly involved in ammonia detoxication. Enzyme studies in post-mortem liver tissue material revealed a deficiency of carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase (0.9% of the mean value in controls) in combination with an intermediate activity of L-ornithine: 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (40% of the mean value in controls).
Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
[Glycolytic enzymes from neuroectodermal tumors of childhood].
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Child↗
[Thoracic pelvic phalangeal dystrophy (Jeune's syndrome)].
The authors describe the clinical histories of four patients with a thoracic pelvic phalangeal dystrophy (Jeune syndrome). A short survey of the literature and a differential diagnosis are given.
Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
Ring chromosome 2: clinical, chromosomal, and biochemical aspects.
A new case of ring chromosome 2 is described and compared with the five cases hitherto reported. The clinical picture includes a severe pre- and postnatal growth failure, microcephaly, psychomotor retardation, and some minor dysmorphic features. Cytogenetic studies revealed a ring 2 structure and aneuploidy. Banding analysis failed to demonstrate a substantial loss of chromosomal material. Enzymologic studies revealed a decrease of red cell acid phosphatase activity suggesting the localization of its gene inthe 2p25 leads to 2 pter region.
Acid Phosphatase↗
Isolated biotin-resistant 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency in two sibs.
Two Vietnamese siblings with an isolated deficiency of 3-methylcrotonyl coenzyme A carboxylase in leucocytes and cultured fibroblasts are described. Both children excreted massive amounts of 3-methylcrotonylglycine and 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid. There was no in vivo or in vitro biochemical response to biotin. Apart from an attack of vomiting leading to subcoma in the elder sib four weeks after arrival in the Netherlands, the children were in good health. There were no signs of delayed mental development.
Biotin↗
Inherited 3-methylglutaconic aciduria in two brothers--another defect of leucine metabolism.
Two brothers, aged 7 and 5 years, who excreted large amounts of the leucine metabolites 3-methylglutaconic acid, 3-methylglutaric acid, and 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, are described. The excretion of these metabolites could be enhanced by increasing the leucine intake. Restriction of the protein intake resulted in a marked reduction of the metabolite excretion. However, the excretion of the ultimate leucine metabolite, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid, remained unchanged at a low level. The only clinical abnormality was speech retardation. A (partial) deficiency of 3-methylglutaconyl coenzyme A hydratase is proposed to be the most likely underlying defect.
Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
Characterization of some glycolytic enzymes from human retina and retinoblastoma.
GLycolytic enzymes were studied from normal human retinas (both fetal and adult) and from retinoblastomas of eight patients and an established retinoblastoma cell line. No significant differences were found between the enzyme activities in the tissues investigated except for hexokinase and pyruvate kinase, which were significantly decreased in the tumor cells. In fetal retina, five different forms of pyruvate kinase could be detected by electrophoresis (K4, K3M, K2M2, KM3, and M4). In adult retina the K4 isozyme is almost absent, while in retinoblastoma the M4 isozyme is hardly present. In the retinoblastoma cell line, the M4 isozyme is completely absent. Alanine inhibition of pyruvate kinase from the retinoblastoma cell line is more inhibited compared to the pyruvate kinase of fetal retina and retinoblastoma and is even more inhibited compared to adult retina. Electrophoresis of aldolase from adult retina revealed the presence of all potential A-C hybrids (A4, A3C, A2C2, AC3, and C4). Fetal retina, however, is characterized by the predominance of the A type. The same patterns were observed in the retinoblastoma cell line and retinoblastoma. However, in other brain tumors, e.g., gliomas of adults, a five-membered A-C hybrid set is found. Electrophoresis of hexokinase from normal fetal and adult retina revealed the predominance of hexokinase type I; retinoblastoma and retinoblastoma cell line are both characterized by the presence of considerable amounts of hexokinase type II. The isozyme shifts in retinoblastoma result in an enzyme pattern identical to that of fetal retina except for the presence of hexokinase type II.
Adult↗
[A newborn infant with the Bowen-Conradi syndrome; a fatal hereditary disorder].
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Abnormalities, Multiple↗