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Biomedical subjects

F A Jabbar

Publications and source records attributed to F A Jabbar.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Brain metastases of gestational trophoblastic tumor.

Brain involvement by gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT) was diagnosed by computed tomography in 23 (17%) of 131 patients with metastatic GTT at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre between January 1980 and December 1990. All 23 patients had concurrent lung involvement, and 20 presented with neurologic symptoms. There were three treatment groups: Group A--methotrexate, actinomycin-D, chlorambucil and brain irradiation; group B--cisplatin, VP-16, actinomycin-D and intrathecal methotrexate; and group C--palliative therapy and other chemotherapy. While no patients in groups A or C survived, 4 (57%) of 7 patients in group B achieved complete, sustained remission. Serum:cerebrospinal fluid beta-human chorionic gonadotropin ratios were measured in 9 patients and were < 60 in only 4 patients. The clinical features of patients with brain metastases are reviewed in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pulmonary metastases of gestational trophoblastic tumor. Risk factors for early respiratory failure.

Between January 1980 and December 1990, 75 (57.3%) of 131 patients with metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumor had pulmonary metastases detected on plain chest roentgenography at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre. Pulmonary involvement was commonly extensive, with 32 (42.7%) patients having > 10 pulmonary metastases and 45 (60%) patients having a pulmonary lesion > 5 cm in diameter. Greater than 50% lung opacification, mediastinal involvement and pleural effusion were present in 25 (33.3%), 25 (33.3%) and 36 (48%) patients, respectively. Eight (10.7%) patients developed early respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation within one month of presentation. The development of early respiratory failure was significantly associated with the presence of dyspnea, anemia, clinical pulmonary hypertension, cyanosis, > 50% lung opacification, mediastinal involvement and bilateral pleural effusion. Because all patients requiring mechanical ventilation died, the use of extracorporeal perfusion should be considered in patients with early respiratory failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Liver metastases of gestational trophoblastic tumor.

A retrospective study was conducted to determine if a chemotherapy regimen incorporating cis-platinum, etoposide, and actinomycin D (PEA) was associated with an outcome different from that of the standard triple regimen of methotrexate, actinomycin D, and chlorambucil (MAC) in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumor and liver metastases. Subjects were treated at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital Gestational Trophoblastic Center (KFSH-GTC) between January 1980 and December 1990. Of 19 patients with gestational trophoblastic tumor and liver metastases, 6 received MAC chemotherapy, and 8 received PEA. Five patients were terminally ill and received palliative treatment only. Treatment outcome was measured by beta-subunit human chorionic gonadotropin assay (beta-HCG) and by imaging studies which included ultrasound, computerized axial tomography, and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Durable remission was obtained in 5 of 8 (62.5%) PEA-treated patients and none of 6 MAC-treated patients. There was no difference in risk status or World Health Organization (WHO) prognostic score between the two groups. We conclude that PEA is a relatively effective chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor with liver metastases, and it may be worthy of consideration for prospective clinical trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Nd: YAG pulsed laser: a successful tool to desensitize hypersensitive prepared abutment teeth in fixed prosthodontics.

Dentinal hypersensitivity follows several therapeutic dental procedures as well as occurring de novo. Pain being an unpleasant sensation, originates from dentine which has a rich supply of myelinated nerve ending. There are several theories that explain the mechanism of pain of dentinal origin. Thermal, tactile and chemical stimuli when applied to affected teeth might result in brief mild discomfort to prolonged severe pain. There are several theories regarding dentinal hypersensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of a new glass ionomer cement "visible light cured" as a core buildup under a cast restoration.

Proper restoration of endodontically treated teeth is a frequent challenge to many clinicians. The majority of restorations are using various types of vertical support that can be placed in teeth, these include different prefabricated post systems as well as cast posts and cores. Less emphasis, unfortunately, has been placed on the materials utilized for final build up. Unless the tooth being treated undergoes minimal loss of tooth structure some from of augmentation will be necessary to increase the tooth strength and provide adequate support and retention for the final cast restoration. It is generally accepted that the ideal methods of corono-radicular buildup for nonvital teeth is a properly fabricated cast post and core.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1993

Effect of different types of finishing lines and etching methods of the enamel and dentin on the marginal integrity of Hi-ceram crowns.

Porcelain is one of the oldest materials used in the dental field. It has the advantages of perfect shade reproduction, chemical and abrasion resistance and biologic compatibility to the oral tissue. The only drawback of dental compatibility to the oral tissue. The only drawback of dental porcelain is the occurrence of brittle fracture. Minute cracks formed on the outer surface of the porcelain crown are the cause of the fracture. These cracks are formed during cooling of the ceramic as a result of low thermal conductivity of the porcelain. Differential dimensional changes of the outside and the internal surface take place inducing the cracks. Tensile stresses on the internal surface of the porcelain lead to cracks propagation and fracture.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1991

Patterns of sickle cell, thalassaemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency genes in north-western Saudi Arabia.

This study was conducted on 429 blood samples collected from Saudi males and females from Al-Ula in the north-western province of Saudi Arabia in order to determine the frequency of the sickle cell gene, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency gene, and alpha- and beta-thalassaemia genes, and to investigate the pattern of their interactions. The frequency of the sickle cell gene was 0.0785, while that of the beta-thalassaemia gene was 0.1195. Heterozygous alpha-thalassaemia 2 (- alpha/alpha alpha) was encountered at a frequency of 0.121, while homozygous alpha-thalassaemia 2 (- alpha/- alpha) occurred at a frequency of 0.0046. HbH disease and hydrops fetalis were not encountered. One case with triple alpha-gene arrangement, alpha alpha alpha anti-3.7, was identified. The G6PD deficiency gene frequency was 0.08 and 0.032 in males and females, respectively. Several cases with 2 abnormal genes were encountered. The haematological and biochemical data from the patients with sickle cell disease suggest that the disease in this population is more severe in comparison with cases reported from the eastern population.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1989

Fetal necrogram: a new technique. Experience with 12,000 contrast examinations.

The authors describe a new technique "necrogram" for post-mortem fetal investigations that uses ionic contrast media and employs the principles of diffusion and osmosis for clearing the fetus from contrast injection. It was possible to perform subsequent contrast examinations without the problem of overlapping structures. The study was conducted on 1,500 fetuses with more than 12,000 contrast examinations performed, followed by autopsy. In a sample of 250 fetuses undergoing 2,135 contrast examinations, similar results were obtained from necrogram and autopsy in 79% of the fetuses examined. Details are given of the 21% of the studies in which discrepancies were noted between necrogram and autopsy. The result showed that necrogram was comparable to autopsy and that luminal anatomy can be best visualized by necrogram, a laborious and almost impossible task in autopsy. It was apparent that post-mortem diagnostic precision can only be obtained by employing both necrogram and autopsy, one for visualization of the inner and the other for the outer appearance of the organs.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1988

Dose-response aggregometry in maternal/neonatal platelets.

The aggregation of platelets collected from maternal/neonatal pairs (n = 240) at the time of childbirth, was studied in response to multiple doses of ADP, collagen, arachidonic acid and ristocetin. Similar responses were obtained from healthy nonpregnant adult controls for comparison. The lag phase, slope of the aggregation curves as well as maximum aggregation (MA%) were recorded and analysed. Neonatal and adult platelets exhibited more enhanced responses to decreasing doses of ADP, arachidonic acid and ristocetin, than maternal platelets. These enhanced responses were exhibited more consistently in the slopes of the aggregation curves than in MA%. Although neonatal platelets have shown longer lag phase in their responses to collagen, the rate of the aggregation reaction was significantly faster than maternal platelets, with no differences in MA%. These results contradict many previous reports suggesting impaired aggregation responses of neonatal platelets to these agonist. The possible reasons for these contradictions were discussed.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Practice and methods of contraception among Saudi women in Riyadh.

The use of contraceptives can have an impact on better spacing between children, better child care, improvement of children's health and preservation of the mother's health. In this study 2675 Saudi women attending a gynaecology out-patient clinic were interviewed about their contraceptive practices. The majority of the women (56.0%) were using or had used some form of contraceptive. Oral contraceptives were the most common method; 94.8% of the 1497 women who practised contraception were using or had used this form of contraception. Sterilization accounted for 0.9% of contraceptive practices, while the intrauterine device was a more common form of contraceptive among the more educated women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Triple alpha genes in association with sickle cell and beta-thalassaemia gene in the Saudi population.

This paper describes the case of a 6-year-old Saudi male who had sickle cell heterozygosity, beta +-thalassaemia and possessed three alpha-genes of the haplotype alpha alpha alpha anti-3.7/as diagnosed by restriction endonuclease studies using Hpa I, Bam HI, Bgl II, Hind III and Xba I. Since the iron level was found to be normal, it is proposed that the coexistence of beta-thalassaemia with triple alpha-genes in Hb S heterozygotes may be the cause of the anemia. A possible mechanism for severe anaemia is presented.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1987

Cholesterol and triglyceride level in patients with sickle cell anaemia.

This study was conducted on a group of 45 sickle cell anaemia (HbSS) patients and 45 age- and sex-matched controls with normal haemoglobin (HbAA) to determine the effect of anaemia due to genetic red cell defects on the value of cholesterol and triglyceride in plasma. The cholesterol level was found to be lower in the sickle cell anaemia patients compared with normals, and the difference in the level of cholesterol in the two groups was found to be statistically significant. A positive correlation was found between the haemoglobin level and the level of cholesterol. Since increase in cholesterol level increases the incidence of arteriosclerosis, coronary heart diseases, cholestasis and xanthomatosis, the patients with sickle cell anaemia may be at an advantage in having a protection against these disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The haematological, biochemical and clinical--presentation of haemoglobin S in Saudi Arabia (i). Haematological & clinical expression.

The haematological and clinical expression of haemoglobin S (Hb S) was investigated in a group of male and female Saudis of haemoglobin genotype AS and SS, and the results compared with those from normal individuals (AA). The influence of alpha thalassaemia in each genotype was also investigated. The total haemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC) and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly lower in the SS group without thalassaemia. In the thalassaemic group Hb, RBC and PCV levels were higher, while MCV and MCH were considerably lower. The clinical investigations reveal that almost 30% of the SS cases had not required blood transfusion, and none of the patients had suffered from leg ulceration or hand and foot syndrome. Comparison of the results obtained for Saudi sickle cell patients with those reported for Jamaicans show several differences, indicating a milder disease in the Saudis.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1986

Beta-globin gene polymorphism in Saudis--triple Hpa I fragments.

In an attempt to investigate beta-globin gene polymorphism in the Saudi population, DNA samples were analysed using restriction endonucleases, Mst II and Hpa I. Both beta A and beta S genes showed extensive polymorphism and were found to be linked to 13.0 kb, 7.6 kb, 7.0 kb, and 5.6 kb Hpa I fragments. Three DNA samples out of a total of 436 analysed, had beta-globin gene linked to three Hpa I fragments of the sizes 13.0 kb, 7.6 kb, and 5.6 kb. In this paper we present our findings and discuss the possibility of multiple beta-globin loci.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Isolation of Gardnerella vaginalis from high vaginal swabs.

Vaginal swabs from 2715 consecutive unselected women with vaginal discharge were examined for Gardnerella vaginalis, Candida albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis. Of 2715 women, 2043 had non-specific vaginitis and G. vaginalis was isolated from 269 cases (13.2%). Thirty five of the strains were isolated together with C. albicans, eight with T. vaginalis, six with Bacteroides species and three each with group B Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. Two hundred and sixteen (80%) of the isolates were from females between the age of 20 and 34. All 269 strains hydrolysed hippurate and fermented starch; 161 (60%) were isolated from swabs without clue cells. Although facts suggest that vaginal discharge in most of these cases had been associated with G. vaginalis, a possible aetiological role for other micro-organisms has not been ruled out. However, successful therapy with metronidazole in 80% of those cases suggests that G. vaginalis is one cause of non-specific vaginitis. The prevalence rate of G. vaginalis in 160 randomly selected women without vaginal discharge was 5%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A study of 45 cases of ectopic pregnancy.

Forty-five (45) cases of ectopic pregnancy are reported, an incidence of 1:742 pregnancies. Approximately (40%) of these patients gave a positive history of infertility, pelvic infection or abdominal surgery. Eighty-five percent (85%) of the cases were among gravida 1-5; nullipara and grand-multipara constituted the low-risk group. In 88% of the cases, the pregnancy was tubal ectopic, with 58.5% in the right fallopian tube. History of amenorrhea and lower abdominal pain with tenderness were the presenting features in 95% of the cases, while vaginal bleeding was reported by 50%. Vaginal examination is singled out as of poor diagnostic value, and laparoscopy is found to be the best diagnostic procedure. The pertinent medical literature is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Myelographic study of the spinal cord ascent during fetal development.

To assess the length of the spinal cord relative to the vertebral column during fetal development, we performed translumbar myelograms on 340 spontaneously aborted fetuses. Of these, 146 were selected for study. There were 76 males and 70 females, with fetal age ranging from 7 to 33 weeks. Significant variation in the level of spinal cord termination was found in fetuses between 12 and 25 weeks gestational age. In fetuses between 25 and 33 weeks gestational age, the cord ended at or above the third lumbar vertebra.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗