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Biomedical subjects

F A Khuffash

Publications and source records attributed to F A Khuffash.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Acute diarrhoea and rotavirus infections in young children in Kuwait.

The role of rotavirus infections in acute diarrhoea in young children was studied over a period of one year. Rotavirus was detected by electron microscopy and enzyme immunoassay methods in 40.2% of faecal specimens from 343 children with acute diarrhoea and in 4.7% of 86 controls. The infections were most common in children aged 2-12 months (42.3%). Twelve per cent of the rotavirus infected children were also infected with bacterial enteropathogens (Salmonellae, Shigellae and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli). The incidence of rotavirus infections was not related to sex, socio-economic or nutritional status of children. Rotavirus-associated diarrhoea differed in several clinical parameters from bacterial associated and nonspecific diarrhoea. Rotavirus was detected throughout the year but was most frequent during months with little rainfall and low humidity (March-May). Our results suggest that in Kuwait, rotavirus infection is a major cause of childhood diarrhoea.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

Reversible renal failure in a child with brucellosis: a case report.

Bilateral kidney enlargement and renal failure are described in a five-years-old girl with brucellosis. The diagnosis was made on the basis of a rising brucella agglutination titre. Both the function and the size of the kidneys returned to normal after four weeks treatment with co-trimoxazole. Renal brucellosis may stimulate renal tuberculosis or chronic pyelonephritis and should be considered in areas where brucellosis is endemic.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1984

Coeliac disease in monozygotic twin girls. Synchronous presentation.

A pair of monozygotic twin girls with coeliac disease is reported. The diagnosis was made on clinical and biochemical evidence of malabsorption, characteristic histological findings, and clinical, biochemical, and histological response to gluten elimination. Monozygosity was established on finding a single placenta at birth, exact similarity of physical appearance, similar blood group, and histocompatibility antigens, and negative reaction in mixed lymphocyte culture. This is one of six well documented cases of coeliac disease in monozygotic twins and may throw light on the importance of genetic and environmental factors in the causation and expression of the disease.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1984

Hypernatremic dehydration in infants with gastroenteritis.

Of 1045 children admitted with gastroenteritis over a 12-month period and studied retrospectively, serum sodium level was tested in 802. Sixty patients (7.5%) had hypernatremic dehydration (HD). The peak incidence of HD, the highest serum sodium levels, and the worst outcome were all encountered in infants under the age of 3 months. An association with pre-admission high solute feeding was less obvious. Pre-admission volume intake could not be evaluated. There was no association of HD with the etiological pathogen or climatic conditions. The weight-for-age was below the fifth percentile in 21 patients (35%). One patient (1.7%) died, another (1.7%) developed peripheral gangrene, and four (6.7%) were left with significant neurologic complications. All of these patients were under the age of 4 months. In this subtropical country, the most important risk factor for the development of hypernatremia in the course of gastroenteritis is the young age. Environmental risk factors do not seem to play a significant role.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Antimicrobial treatment of Flavobacterium meningosepticum infection.

A six-month-old boy in hospital developed septicaemia and meningitis due to Flavobacterium meningosepticum type A. Although the organism was susceptible to amikacin, chloramphenicol and sulphonamides when tested by the disc diffusion method, therapy with these drugs was ineffective. Intravenous therapy with cotrimoxazole gave complete recovery. Various strains of flavobacteria including F. meningosepticum type B were isolated from the environment. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of patients and environmental strains against chloramphenicol, sulphonamides and rifampicin showed no correlation between disc diffusion results and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). On the other hand, all the strains were found by both methods to be susceptible to amikacin, erythromycin, clindamycin and trimethoprim. Disc diffusion method should be supplemented with determination of MIC when testing antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacterium sp.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Peroral endoscopic duodenal biopsy in infants and children.

Peroral endoscopic duodenal biopsy was used in the diagnosis and follow-up of forty-nine infants and children with suspected small intestine disease. Their ages ranged between one month and 12 years. Fifty-four upper gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures were performed and 139 biopsies were taken. The mean procedure time was 3.2 min with a range of 1.5-5.5 min. There were no complications. Tissue adequate for histopathologic examination was obtained in all but one of the fifty-four procedures. On the basis of this experience we think that peroral endoscopic duodenal biopsy is faster, safer and as diagnostic as conventional suction biopsy in infants and children. It is also more informative when other diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract are suspected.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

Gastroenteritis in a regional hospital in Kuwait: some aspects of the disease.

A review of the clinical course of gastroenteritis in 274 hospitalized children revealed a severe form of the disease. Eight-eight per cent were aged 12 months or under and 20% had severe associated malnutrition. The commonest clinical manifestations were diarrhoea (100%), dehydration (98.9%), vomiting (81.4%) and fever (77.7%). Pathogens were isolated from 75.2% of cases (rotavirus 24.5%, Escherichia coli 20.8%, salmonellae 20%, shigellae 6.2%, campylobacter 2.2% and Yersinia enterocolitica in 1.5%). Septicaemia was confirmed in 12 patients (4.4%) and strong clinical evidence of septicaemia was present in 36 more cases (13%). Dehydration was isonatraemic in 68%, hyponatraemic in 21% and hypernatraemic in 11% of cases. There was a clear association between septicaemia and hyponatraemia. The overall mortality rate was 1.8%. Data from our study show that the use of intravenous hyperalimentation, and/or antibiotics in the management of gastroenteritis in selected patients, can significantly reduce morbidity and mortality.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

The antistreptococcal immune responses in children with acute rheumatic fever in Kuwait.

The antistreptococcal immune responses in 130 children with Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF), seen in Kuwait, over a period of three years, are presented. The ages of children ranged between three to 13 years. One hundred and three presented in initial attacks while 27 presented in recurrences. The geometric mean of antistreptolysin 'O' (ASO) and antihyalurodinase (AH) titres for all patients were 488 Todd Units and 595 units, respectively. In children under the age of eight years, but not above this age, the geometric mean of ASO titres was significantly higher in children with carditis than in those without carditis (P less than 0.01); there was no significant difference in AH titres between the two groups. Analysis of the Geometric Mean Titres (GMT) of both antibodies in relation to other variables is also presented.

Acute Disease↗