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Biomedical subjects

F A Reichle

Publications and source records attributed to F A Reichle.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase in partial ileal bypass rats.

In cholesterol-fed rats 6 weeks after partial ileal bypass, there was a significant (56%) decrease in serum cholesterol. Also, the concentration of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol was dramatically reduced after operation. However, after the operation, the percentage of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was very high, i.e., 45% of the total lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas it was only 25% before operation. The initial rate of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), when assayed according to Stokke & Norum, showed an increase from 29 +/- 2 mumole/ml/h for non-operated cholesterol-fed controls to 121 +/- 7 mumole/ml/h after operation (p less than 0.01). After intestinal bypass the extrahepatic triglyceride lipase activity in serum was reduced by 60%, and there was no significant difference in hepatic triglyceride lipase. These observations indicate that in partial ileal bypass, the low serum cholesterol is due to the high HDL cholesterol and the high LCAT activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Criteria for evaluation of new arterial prostheses by comparing vein with dacron femoropopliteal bypasses.

Significant initial and long term salvage can be achieved with popliteal arterial bypasses using either autogenous saphenous vein or woven Dacron. Long term experience with these materials show that they should serve as standards for the comparison of newer materials. Autogenous vein femoropopliteal bypasses result in higher average initial and long term graft function than do Dacron femoropopliteal grafts. However, depending upon the anatomic area, the superiority of vein grafts is not always apparent. Arterial prosthetic materials must be carefully evaluated in regard to initial and long term function. Before general use of recently developed arterial substitutes is recommended, their function must be shown to be superior to that of well known arterial prostheses.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
PubMed1978

Hepatic metabolism in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.

Fuel homeostasis was studied in 15 patients with hepatic cirrhosis who previously had sustained upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage secondary to portal hypertension. By combining substrate arteriovenous concentration differences with measured hepatic blood flow rates, the exchange rates of metabolites across the liver was calculated. Hepatic extraction of acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, lactate, pyruvate, analine, and glycerol was studied. After an overnight fast, splanchnic glucose production in 15 cirrhotic patients was diminished markedly. Despite reduced total glucose production, there was no decrease in hepatic gluconeogenesis; instead, there was increased glucose formation from amino acids, glycerol, lactate, and pyruvate. In patients with hepatic cirrhosis, the liver does not produce as much glucose as does a normal liver; the failing cirrhotic liver is capable of maintaining fuel homeostasis by increased ketone-body production.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

The mechanism of postshunt liver failure.

To determine the influence on postoperative hepatic mass, body weight, ammonia clearance, hepatic urea cycle enzyme activity, and hepatic protein metabolism, 59 dogs were divided into six experimental groups: sham operation end-to-side portacaval shunt, mesocaval shunt with subsequent end-to-side portacaval shunt, distal splenorenal shunt, caval left portal shunt, and portal venous seqregation with juglar vein interposition. Compared to total shunt, selective diversion of portal blood from the liver produces less postshunt liver atrophy, less body weight loss, improved maintenance of urea cycle enzyme activity, improved ammonia tolerance, and less decrease in hepatic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), and protein content. Segregation of left from right hepatic lobes, in relationship to portal or systemic venous hepatic perfusion or in relationship to gastroduodenopancreaticosplenic or intestinal portal venous drainage, caused little change in enzyme or protein metabolism in respective hepatic lobes.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1976

Femorotibial bypass in the elderly for revascularization of the severely ischemic lower extremity.

In the elderly, revascularization of a severely ischemic lower extremity with occlusion of both femoral and popliteal arteries often can be achieved by surgical construction of a distal bypass to the tibial or peroneal arteries. An aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic approach is necessary, in an attempt to prevent recourse to primary amputation. Femoroperoneal or femorotibial bypass can be performed safely and is recommended in elderly patients with advanced ischemia of a lower extremity with absolute indications for surgical intervention, e.g., gangrene, gangrenous ulceration or rest pain. A significant number of limbs can be salvaged by this method. Although the mortality rate in the older age groups is predictably higher, the overall rate for this operation compares favorably with that for primary amputation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Promotion of experimental breast carcinoma in rats treated with extract of liver from rats with portacaval shunt.

Liver homogenates or extracts of liver homogenates from rats in which portacaval shunt had been performed were found to have a significant growth-promoting effect on 7,12 dimethyl (a) benzanthracene (DMBA)-produced breast carcinoma in rats. Tumor potentiation was manifested by increased incidence of animals developing tumors, increased number of tumors, and increased tumor size, when compared with animals receiving injections of shunted or control liver. These observations suggest the existence of a tumor-stimulating factor in liver from which portal blood has been completely and chronically diverted by portacaval shunt. The demonstration of tumor growth stimulating factor(s) present in shunted liver, together with previously reported observations of the modification of the growth of various types of tumors in animals with a portacaval shunt, suggests that the liver is capable of playing an important role in tumor-host interactions. The portacaval shunt appears to be useful as a technique in elucidating ways that liver function may influence tumor growth.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1975

Femoroperoneal bypass: evaluation of potential for revascularization of the severely ischemic lower extremity.

In 79 patients in whom distal small vessel bypass with autogenous vein was used for revascularization because of gangrene, gangrenous ulceration or rest pain, 14 had femoroperoneal bypasses. Femorotibial or femoroperoneal bypasses were performed in those patients in whom no popliteal runoff was present on pre-operative arteriogram. Femoroperoneal bypass was performed in preference to primary amputation in each case. Nine of 14 (64.3%) of femoroperoneal bypasses were functional whereas 57 of 79 (72.2%) of total distal bypasses to small vessels were functional. Salvage of severely ischemic lower extremities was achieved in 5 of 14 (35.7%) patients after femoroperoneal bypass and in 46 of 65 (70.8%) patients after bypass to anterior tibial or posterior tibial arteries. Graft patency without limb salvage occurred in 4 of 9 (44.4%) patients with patent femoroperoneal bypasses and in only 2 of 48 (4.2%) of patients with femorotibial bypass. Although limb salvage rate is considerably less with femoroperoneal than femorotibial or femoropopliteal bypass, attempted limb revascularization by peroneal bypasses is preferable to primary amputation in patients with rest pain, gangrenous ulceration or gangrene.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of long-term results of 364 femoropopliteal or femorotibial bypasses for revascularization of severely ischemic lower extremities.

Successful revascularization of the severely ischemic lower extremity can be achieved by femorotibial as well as femoropopliteal bypass. The incidence of delayed graft occlusion after salvage of the severely ischemic lower extremity is low in patients with femorotibial or femoropopliteal bypass. Femorotibial bypass was performed in over one-third of patients undergoing bypass. Tibial bypasses resulted in effective prolonged revascularization of the severely ischemic lower extremity. An aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic approach to revascularization of the severely ischemic lower extremity can result in prolonged limb salvage by tibial or popliteal bypasses in lieu of primary amputation.

Arteries↗
PubMed1975

A scanning and transmission electron microscope study of the luminal coating on Dacron prostheses in the canine thoracic aorta.

The sequence of events occurring in a woven Dacron bypass in the canine thoracic aorta was followed from the first exposure to flowing blood for a period of 27 months. After 10 and 40 minutes exposure to flowing blood the surface was covered with masses of leukocytes, platelets, red cells, and some fibrin. By 24 and 48 hours most of the leukocytes had disappeared leaving the two end areas of the bypass covered with a thick film composed of red cells entrapped in a fibrin net. In the central portion of the bypass the Dacron fibers were covered by a rough film of particulate material and widely spaced clumps of platelets and occasional leukocytes connected by a few fibrin strands. AT 6 AND 7 DAYS THE SURFACE COVERING CONSISTED PRIMARILY OF RED CELLS AND FIBRIN. Between 2 and 8 weeks this was replaced by a matrix that was composed mostly of cells resembling fibroblasts or transition forms between these and smooth muscle cells. Some typical smooth muscle cells were observed in grafts 4 months or older. A sheet of flat cells had grown a few millimeters below the anastomoses at 7, 12, and 14 months. By 27 months the entire length of the graft had a patchy covering of endothelium. Only occasional isolated platelets were stuck to the exposed collagen. Thickening of the intraprosthetic lining was associated with infiltration of the cell-fiber matrix by masses of red cells. Thus it appears that under proper conditions of flow, thrombogenic surfaces such as Dacron and collagen are "conditioned" to become nonthrombogenic by the limited deposition of blood elements.

Animals↗