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Biomedical subjects

F Abadie

Publications and source records attributed to F Abadie.

10 recordsLinked to original sources

[Family violence and adolescence].

Intrafamilial violence represents a vast topic, even if one limits the subject to the nuclear family. Indeed it includes violence from parents to the child, violence between brothers and sisters, conjugal violence and violence exercised by the child to his parents. Although one can differentiate the types of violence (physical, sexual, and psychological), they often coexist within the same family. Adolescence favors the onset or the reactivation of familial violence; this violence often has repercussion on the psychological equilibrium of the adolescent. Very little is written about parents abused by one of their children (usually an adolescent). This phenomenon is relatively unrecognized and its frequency probably under-estimated. It points to a distortion in parent to child relationship. Therapeutic and/or socio-educational approach must be directed toward both the victim and the aggressor.

Adolescent↗

Influence of food on the absorption of metoprolol administered as an Oros drug delivery system to man.

The influence of food on the release, absorption and metabolism of metoprolol has been studied after single administration of a 19/190 Oros system to eight healthy volunteers on four occasions, once after an overnight fast, and just before each of three daily meals (breakfast, lunch and dinner). The plasma concentration-time profiles under the four test conditions were virtually identical, and no statistically significant differences in mean areas under the curves between 0 and 32 h, peak concentrations, or times to peak, were detected. The absorption of metoprolol was unaffected by food intake, with 80-90% of the amount absorbed reaching the systemic circulation within 10 h. The ratios of areas under the curve for alpha-hydroxymetoprolol to its parent drug were in the same range for the four treatments, and similar to those reported after conventional tablets. The in vivo release and absorption of drug from the Oros system and its systemic availability, were not influenced by concomitant ingestion of food.

Adult↗

Determination of metoprolol and its alpha-hydroxylated metabolite in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography.

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of metoprolol and its alpha-hydroxylated metabolite in plasma, Metoprolol, alpha-hydroxymetoprolol and alprenolol (internal standard) are extracted from plasma at alkaline pH with diethyl ether-dichloromethane (4:1, v/v) and back-extracted with 0.01 N sulfuric acid. A 100-microliter volume of the acidic extract is injected into the chromatographic system. The compounds are eluted in about 12 min with acetonitrile-acetate buffer (75:25, v/v) on a LiChrosorb RP-8 (5 micron) column. The quantitative determinations are made fluorometrically. Concentrations down to 35 nmol/1 (10 ng/ml) of metoprolol base and 30 nmol/1 (8 ng/ml) of alpha-hydroxymetoprolol base in plasma can be determined with good precision and accuracy.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗

Systematic approach to the determination of cephalosporins in biological fluids by reversed-phase liquid chromatography.

The chromatographic behaviour of some cephalosporins as a function of pH and ionic strength of the mobile phase was studied on 10-microns LiChrosorb RP-18. Acidic cephalosporins were retained longest in their neutral form with an acidic eluent. Amphoteric cephalosporins were retained longest in their protonated form with an acidic eluent of low ionic strength. Cefotiam was retained longer with an alkaline mobile phase. LiChrosorb RP-18, Nucleosil C18 and muBondapak C18 gave rise to different selectivities when an acidic eluent, methanol-water (25:75) containing 0.2% of 1.8 M H2SO4 was used. This may be related to interactions with residual silanol groups. The studied cephalosporins (with the exception of cefotiam and cefsulodin) were separated from compounds present in biological fluids on 5-microns LiChrosorb RP-18 using the mobile phase 0.2% of 1.8 M H2SO4 in a mixture of methanol and water with various methanol contents. The determination of cefotiam in biological fluids was performed with an alkaline mobile phase. The preparation of the sample was simple and rapid: precipitation of plasma proteins or dilution of urine. The method was applied to the determination of ceftizoxime in human plasma and urine. Concentrations down to 0.2 micrograms/ml of plasma and 25 micrograms/ml of urine could be determined with good reproducibility and accuracy.

Bile↗

GLC determination of carbamazepine suitable for pharmacokinetic studies.

A GLC determination of carbamazepine in plasma and urine is described. It is performed by injecting the cyano derivative, which, in contrast to carbamazepine, has bood GLC properties. The method is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies, since it is specific and accurate down to 0.27 mug/ml.

Carbamazepine↗