PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Andreelli

Publications and source records attributed to F Andreelli.

28 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Lack of skeletal muscle uncoupling protein 2 and 3 mRNA induction during fasting in type-2 diabetic subjects.

Skeletal muscle uncoupling protein 2 and 3 (UCP-2 and UCP-3) mRNA levels are increased during calorie restriction in lean and nondiabetic obese subjects. In this work, we have investigated the effect of a 5-day hypocaloric diet (1,045 kJ/day) on UCP-2 and UCP-3 gene expression in the skeletal muscle of type-2 diabetic obese patients. Before the diet, UCP-2 and UCP-3 mRNA levels were more abundant in diabetic than in nondiabetic subjects. The long (UCP-3(L)) and short (UCP-3(S)) forms of UCP-3 transcripts were expressed at similar levels in nondiabetic subjects, but UCP-3(S) transcripts were twofold more abundant than UCP-3(L) transcripts in the muscle of diabetic patients. Calorie restriction induced a two- to threefold increase in UCP-2 and UCP-3 mRNA levels in nondiabetic patients. No change was observed in type-2 diabetic patients. Variations in plasma nonesterified fatty acid level were positively correlated with changes in skeletal muscle UCP-3(L) (r = 0.6, P < 0.05) and adipose tissue hormone-sensitive lipase (r = 0.9, P < 0.001) mRNA levels. Lack of increase in plasma nonesterified fatty acid level and in hormone-sensitive lipase upregulation in diabetic patients during the diet strengthens the hypothesis that fatty acids are associated with the upregulation of uncoupling proteins during calorie restriction.

Carrier Proteins↗
PubMed1999

Insulin acutely regulates the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in human adipocytes.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-gamma is one of the key actors of adipocyte differentiation. This study demonstrates 1) that PPAR-gamma mRNA expression is not altered in subcutaneous adipose tissue (n = 44) or in skeletal muscle (n = 19) of subjects spanning a wide range of BMIs (20-53 kg/m2) and 2) that insulin acutely increases PPAR-gamma mRNA expression in human adipocytes both in vivo and in vitro. The effect of insulin was investigated in abdominal subcutaneous biopsies obtained before and at the end of a 3-h euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Insulin significantly increased PPAR-gamma mRNA levels in lean subjects (88 +/- 17%, n = 6), in type 2 diabetic patients (100 +/- 19%, n = 6), and in nondiabetic obese patients (91 +/- 20%, n = 6). Both PPAR-gamma1 and PPAR-gamma2 mRNA variants were increased (P < 0.05) after insulin infusion. In isolated human adipocytes, insulin induced the two PPAR-gamma mRNAs in a dose-dependent manner, with half-maximal stimulation at a concentration of approximately 1-5 nmol/l. However, PPAR-gamma2 mRNA was rapidly (2 h) and transiently increased, whereas a slow and more progressive induction of PPAR-gamma1 was observed during the 6 h of incubation. In explants of human adipose tissue, PPAR-gamma protein levels were significantly increased (42 +/- 3%, P < 0.05) after 12 h of incubation with insulin. These data demonstrate that PPAR-gamma belongs to the list of the insulin-regulated genes and that obesity and type 2 diabetes are not associated with alteration in the expression of this nuclear receptor in adipose tissue.

Adipocytes↗
PubMed1999

Are conventional targets for metabolic control sufficient to prevent fetal macrosomia during diabetic pregnancy?

We report the case of a 26 year-old woman, with an uncomplicated type 1 IDDM of 17 yr duration followed for her first pregnancy. At conception, HbA1c (measured by HPLC) was 6.5% and fructosamine was 280 u.mol.l (normal range below 285). During the follow-up, 15-days-interval frutosamine never exceeded the normal range and HbA1c values were under 6.5% excepted in the third trimester (7.0 +/- 0.8%) coinciding with a bad control of the 2 hours post-prandial blood glucose. A fetal macrosomy was discovered at 34 weeks of gestation and a heavy-for-date 4680 g baby was delivered by caesarean section at 38 weeks of gestation. Our case report outlines again the need to achieve the recommended target of metabolic control for the diabetic pregnant woman (blood preprandial glucose: 3.9-5.6 mM; post-prandial 2 h < 6.7 mM) specially during the third trimester of pregnancy. The use of computer databases might be helpful for precise monitoring during this narrow window period.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

mRNA expression of the long and short forms of uncoupling protein-3 in obese and lean humans.

Uncoupling protein-3 (UCP3) is a mitochondrial protein expressed in skeletal muscle, an important site of thermogenesis in humans. By uncoupling respiration from ATP synthesis, UCP3 might be involved in the control of energy expenditure. Two transcripts encoding long (UCP3L) and short (UCP3S) form are generated from the human UCP3 gene. UCP3S is predicted to encode a protein which lacks the C-terminus of UCP3L, a region which contains motifs critical for uncoupling activity. We have investigated the regulation of UCP3L and UCP3S mRNAs in lean and obese humans. A specific reverse transcription-competitive polymerase chain reaction assay was developed to separately quantify the two mRNAs. Each transcript represents half of total UCP3 mRNA in 16 vastus lateralis muscle samples. The amounts of UCP3L and UCP3S mRNAs did not differ between obese and lean subjects. The effect of fasting was studied in six lean and seven obese subjects maintained on a hypocaloric diet (1045 kJ/d) for 5 days. Calorie restriction results in an approximately threefold increase of UCP3L and UCP3S mRNA levels. The induction was similar in lean and obese subjects. The data suggest that there is no major alteration of UCP3 gene expression and regulation at the level of transcription and alternative splicing in skeletal muscle of obese subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Increased uncoupling protein-2 and -3 mRNA expression during fasting in obese and lean humans.

Uncoupling protein-2 and -3 (UCP2 and UCP3) are mitochondrial proteins that show high sequence homology with the brown adipocyte-specific UCP1. UCP1 induces heat production by uncoupling respiration from ATP synthesis. UCP2 is widely expressed in human tissues, whereas UCP3 expression seems restricted to skeletal muscle, an important site of thermogenesis in humans. We have investigated the regulation of UCP2 and UCP3 gene expression in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue from lean and obese humans. UCP2 and -3 mRNA levels were not correlated with body mass index (BMI) in skeletal muscle, but a positive correlation (r = 0.55, P < 0.01, n = 22) was found between UCP2 mRNA level in adipose tissue and BMI. The effect of fasting was investigated in eight lean and six obese subjects maintained on a hypocaloric diet (1,045 kJ/d) for 5 d. Calorie restriction induced a similar 2-2.5-fold increase in UCP2 and -3 mRNA levels in lean and obese subjects. To study the effect of insulin on UCP gene expression, six lean and five obese subjects underwent a 3-h euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Insulin infusion did not modify UCP2 and -3 mRNA levels. In conclusion, the similar induction of gene expression observed during fasting in lean and obese subjects shows that there is no major alteration of UCP2 and -3 gene regulation in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of obese subjects. The increase in UCP2 and -3 mRNA levels suggests a role for these proteins in the metabolic adaptation to fasting.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1993

[Diagnostic and therapeutic management of ethylene glycol poisoning. Importance of crystalluria. Apropos of a case].

During the course of a case of ethylene glycol poisoning with ensuing oliguric renal failure despite early dialysis, we show the importance of early diagnosis of this intoxication in underlined. Characteristics of ethylene glycol poisoning are: metabolic acidosis with anion gap (without lactic acidosis or keto-acidosis) and high plasma osmolarity. Awaiting the result of blood and urinary toxic values, crystalluria, by typical needle monohydrate calcium oxalate crystals finding, evokes the diagnosis and permits to start a specific treatment. This treatment is based on: principles of intensive care, ethanol administration (or 4-methyl-pyrazole now available), also thiamine and pyridoxine administration and finally, dialysis therapy. We can hope, with early and intensive management of this poisoning, to prevent the renal failure, principal complication of ethylene glycol ingestion, which can lead to chronic renal failure. Therefore, crystalluria, an easy and specific diagnosis technic, is of great interest.

Acidosis↗