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Biomedical subjects

F B Bang

Publications and source records attributed to F B Bang.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Blocking of in vitro and in vivo susceptibility to mouse hepatitis virus.

By pretreatment with concanavalin A (Con A) both in vivo and in vitro genetically susceptible mice and their cultured macrophages have been converted to animals and cells which are phenotypically resistant to mouse hepatitus virus (MHV). Con A at 1.0 mg/mouse decreased the mortality from 100% to less than 40% by inducing a prominent inflammatory response, increasing the number of macrophages in the virus inoculation site, and producing a population of macrophages not uniformly susceptible to the virus. In addition, mediators derived from Con A-treated spleen cells conferred resistance to normally susceptible syngeneic macrophages to 100 TCID50 of MHV.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Virus-induced lysosomal enzyme dissolution of nasal turbinate cartilage.

The mechanism of laryngotracheitis virus-induced dissolution of chick nasal turbinate cartilage was studied by lysosomal enzyme histochemistry. Five-day-old chicks were infected by intranasal instillation, and changes in lysosomal enzyme distribution were followed at daily intervals through the tissue regeneration stage, Day 28. In the mucosa the lysosomes were activated beginning on Day 1, and glycerol acid phosphatase and a diffuse form of beta-glucuronidase were released concomitant with tissue cell destruction. In the chondrocytes (where glycerol acid phosphatase was absent), beginning on Day 2, particulate (lysosomal) beta-glucuronidase decreased as diffuse beta-glucuronidase increased and extended out into the matrix. The cartilage lost its metachromatic staining properties and became soft and pliable. Regeneration of the mucosa started on Day 6 and gradual reappearance of metachromatic staining of the cartilage began on Day 8 with considerable recovery of original turbinate structure by Day 12. A lysosomal membrane labilizer, vitamin A, exacerbated the cartilage pathology, whereas a stabilizer, cortisone, retarded it.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Protein and calorie malnutrition, cell-mediated immunity, and B.C.G. vaccination in children from rural West Bengal.

After B.C.G. vaccination of a group of tuberculin-negative children in West Bengal, India, 197 have been retested with tuberculin. 35-5% showed a definitely positive reaction. Only 15% showed no response to B.C.G. When compared by weight for age, the rate of positivity of those below 60% of the Harvard standard was significantly lower than of those above 80%. Those between 60 and 80% were similar to those above 80%. However, when the group was subdivided according to protein and calorie nutrition as measured by arm muscle and fat cross-sectional areas, the difference was striking. The tuberculin-test response was grossly impaired in those who were primarily severely protein deficient (kwashiorkor type), significantly depressed in those who were both severely protein and severely calorie deficient (marasmic-washiorkor type), and not depressed in those who were severely calorie deficient but normal or low in protein (marasmic type). It is suggested that clear distinction between different types of nutritional deficiency in a given geographic area is of direct relevance in planning mass vaccination programmes in that area.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1976

Macrophages genetically resistant to mouse hepatitis virus converted in vitro to susceptible macrophages.

Genetic resistance to mouse hepatitis, which resides largely in the macrophages of resistant C3H mice, may be altered by exposing the cells in vitro to fluid from allogeneic mixed lymphocytes. A 1,000-fold increase in susceptibility was produced in these genetically resistant cells by exposure to this fluid. This presumed lymphokine was effective without producing any change in host adaption of the virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The effect of massive doses of vitamin A on the signs of vitamin A deficiency in preschool children.

Marked seasonal variation in the prevalence of signs of vitamin A deficiency was found in the 2nd year of a continuing study of children age 0 to 4-1/2 years in a village in West Bengal, confirming results of a previous 18-month study. Administration of 200,000 IU of vitamin A every 4 months completely eliminated night blindness and prevented the development of new cases of Bitot's spot in a statistically significant number of children. The effectiveness of massive doses of vitamin A, administered at intervals of 4 months, as a short-term measure to fight the problem, was confirmed in this village. The study yielded additional evidence of the complex etiology of Bitot's spot, since alternate day dose of vitamin A in addition to massive therapy failed to eliminate these spots.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1976

Congenic strains of mice susceptible and resistant to mouse hepatitis virus.

A congenic strain of C3HSS mice, which is histocompatible with C3H mice but differs from them in susceptibility to mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), has been developed by introducing the gene for susceptibility to the MHV-PRI virus from the PRI mice. This was accomplished by continual back-crossing of the hybrids to the C3H mice, but at the same time by selection of susceptibility by use of macrophage culture tests. After 20 back-crosses, a strain homozygous for susceptibility was produced by brother-sister mating of individual mice whose potential for carrying the recessive gene for resistance was tested in progeny. Since the original choice of mice for breeding was based on in vitro macrophage susceptibility, and since highly susceptible mice were developed on the same basis, it seems evident that macrophage susceptibility is an integral aspect of mouse susceptibility. The continued production of almost 50% susceptible mice in the back-crosses is further evidence of the dominant one-locus explanation of genetic susceptibility to this agent. Incomplete penetrance may also be present in 8 and 9 week old mice of the C3HSS strain since there was a sharp decrease in susceptibility of these mice even though their macrophages in culture maintained full susceptibility.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

T and B lymphocyte rosetting in undernourished children.

T and B lymphocyte rosetting values were obtained for 18 children with kwashiorkor, marasmus, or nutritional edema. T cell values were subnormal in all malnutrition classes, but were lowest in children with kwashiorkor. Four of five malnourished children who were sensitized with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) before refeeding failed to respond to repeated subsequent challenges; five of six children who were sensitized after refeeding responded strongly to the first challenge.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1975

Ecology of respiratory virus transmission: a comparison of three communities in West Bengal.

Respiratory virus transmission in children was studied comparatively in three ecologically different low-income communities in West Bengal: an isolated village, a suburban village, and a crowded urban community. Continued use of contaminated pond water for bathing, irrigation of nasal passages, post-defecation washing of the anus, and washing of food vessels was common to all, as was intense crowding of indoor sleeping quarters during cold and wet seasons. Intensity of infection was highest (26%) in the most crowded urban area, the variety of virus types least in the most isolated village. Sources of drinking water differed but seemed unrelated to virus transmission. Toxigenic diphtheria organisms were found in nonspecific skin lesions in children in each area.

Child↗
PubMed1975

Acute newcastle viral infection of the upper respiratory tract of the chicken. II. The effect of diets deficient in vitamin A on the pathogenesis of the infection.

Keratotic and squamous changes characteristic of vitamin A deficiency were minimal even in chicks which were malnourished and growth stunted and had no vitamin A in their diet. However, when these chicks were infected with Newcastle disease virus (NDV), keratotic changes appeared, most markedly in areas regenerating after infection. In chicks raised on full nutrient diets lacking only vitamin A, keratotic changes appeared in several areas of nasal mucosa but were absent from the mucosa of the inner (under) surface of the maxillary turbinate. Following NDV infection, such changes did appear in the inner lining epithelia. It is suggested that depletion of vitamin A causes regenerating epithelial cells to keratinize. Other effects of combined lack of vitamin A plus NDV infection were exhaustion of lymphoid cells from cranial bone marrow and exhaustion of lymphoid cell systems locally from the nose and paranasal glands.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1974

Pathogenesis and autointerference in a virus disease of crabs.

The course of an infection apparently caused by a filterable virus of the blood of the shore crab. Carcinus maenas, has been experimentally studied in this host both at Roscoff, France. where it was originally found, and at Woods Hole, Mass., where the local species was also found susceptible. Although a portion of the infected animals die with the symptoms of inadequate blood clotting, recovery of this function occurred promptly in about two-thirds of the animals. Half of the animals that recovered this function did so within 4 to 6 days. Recovery was not accompanied by disappearance of the virus from the whole blood. In tests done as late as 40 days after recovery, virus was still present. Autointerference was demonstrated after acute infection. It was found in the serum of animals with manifest disease on all days tested and in whole blood of animals taken more than 2 days after the clotting defect appeared. It was not demonstrable within the whole blood within the first 2 days of disease. The role of this in the recovery phenomenon is discussed.

Animals↗