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Biomedical subjects

F B Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to F B Pedersen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Leukocytes in peritoneal dialysis effluents. Danish Study Group on Peritonitis in Dialysis (DASPID).

The concentration of leukocytes and the fraction of neutrophil granulocytes are two important criteria in the diagnosis of peritonitis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). We have found that leukocytes are unstable in dialysis effluents, resulting in false low leukocyte concentrations if not counted immediately. At 25 degrees C the leukocyte count decreases 25%-30% in 4-6 hours. Sampling in tubes containing EDTA and storage at 4 degrees C make the leukocyte concentration stable for 6 hours, while the combination of EDTA and storage at 4 degrees C ensures stability for 24 hours. When samples are handled accordingly, concentrations as high as 2 x 10(8)/L are observed without any clinical signs of peritonitis, especially within the first months of CAPD-treatment. Thus, we suggest a leukocyte-concentration of 2 x 10(8)/L as the diagnostic limit for peritonitis. Concerning fraction of neutrophils a diagnostic limit of 0.50 still seems relevant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Quality of life of hemodialysis patients before and after erythropoietin therapy. A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study].

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of rHu-EPO (recombinant human erythropoietin) comprizing 19 haemodialysis patients (rHu-EPO: n = 9, placebo: n = 10) the patients' opinion about the influence of the treatment on the quality of life was investigated. At the commencement of the trial and after eight weeks, a score was registered by means of a structured interview with a range of 0-10 concerning the complaints most frequently expressed by haemodialysis patients. Erythropoietin was effective in the treatment of renal anaemia. In the therapeutic group, the mean haematocrit value increased from 0.206 to 0.338 (p less than 0.0005), while no change in the haematocrit value was observed in the placebo group. In the therapeutic group, significant decreases were found in the interview scores for fatigue, vertigo (p less than 0.001), dyspnoea (p less than 0.0025), muscular weakness (p less than 0.01) and palpitations (p less than 0.05). No significant differences were found in the placebo group. The treatment had no serious side-effects. On the basis of this material, it is concluded that erythropoietin treatment of haemodialysis patients is effective and that a marked improvement in the quality of life can be observed already after treatment for eight weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Acetate or bicarbonate for haemodialysis: a randomised, double-blind controlled trial.

In a prospective, randomised, double blind controlled trial the adverse reactions, food consumption, changes in blood chemistry including acid-base balance, and anthropometry were studied during two consecutive dialysis periods of 3 months, using either acetate- or bicarbonate-based dialysis fluids. Sixteen chronic, stable patients were included. The dialysis fluid sodium content was fixed at 140 mmol/l during all treatments. Patient complaints and adverse reactions were identical using the two dialysis fluids. No differences were observed regarding blood chemistry except for a less pronounced metabolic acidosis present during bicarbonate dialysis compared to acetate dialysis. A slight but insignificant increment in food consumption and nutritional status was noticed during bicarbonate dialysis. In conclusion, the use of a bicarbonate-based haemodialysis fluid offered no significant advantages compared to an acetate-based one in the haemodialysis of chronic, stable patients.

Acetates↗
PubMed1987

The effect of L-carnitine on lipid metabolism in patients on chronic haemodialysis.

Twenty-one patients (median 49 years; range 20-72 years) on chronic haemodialysis (median: 54 months; range 16-154 months) were examined in a clinical controlled trial for the effect of carnitine on hyperlipoproteinaemia. Initial values of serum carnitine were within the normal range. Carnitine was added to the dialysis fluid to a final concentration of 100 mumol/l. The trial was carried out for 6 months, and the serum of fasting patients was analysed at monthly intervals for carnitine, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A and B. The loss of carnitine to the dialysis fluid also was examined, as was the retained amount in those receiving carnitine. We could not confirm the findings of others that carnitine produces lowering of serum triglycerides and increases of serum HDL-cholesterol. The study was extended for another year with ten patients; however, no change was observed in the lipid pattern.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Acetate versus lactate in peritoneal dialysis solutions.

The acid-base characteristics of two peritoneal dialysis solutions containing either lactate or acetate are compared and the time course of changes in intraperitoneal pH following instillation into the abdominal cavity is measured. The concentration of titratable acid (cTA) is 5.58 mmol/l or 7 times as high in solutions containing acetate as in those containing lactate (0.79 mmol/l). The buffer capacity, -dcTA/dpH, is 11.43 and 1.82 mmol/l, respectively. Following intraperitoneal instillation of 1.5 liter of the solutions, the time course is 2-3 times as long before intraperitoneal pH reaches 7 using acetate (18 min) as when using lactate (7 min). The above mentioned difference in acid-base characteristics as well as an individual acetate intolerance is supposed to be the cause for the development of abdominal pains and peritoneal irritation observed in some patients using acetate-containing solutions. 123 mmol/l of sodium bicarbonate is to be added to the acetate solution to raise the pH value from 5.6 to 7.4. Neutralization using sodium bicarbonate will thus result in sodium intoxication of the patient. The use of lactate instead of acetate for peritoneal solutions is advocated.

Acetates↗
PubMed1982

Serum alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid) in uremic patients on hemodialysis.

The alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid) concentration in the serum of 34 uremic patients on chronic hemodialysis was measured twice at intervals of 3 months. In 80% of the cases the concentrations are above normal. Furthermore, the examination showed a correlation between the concentrations at the first and at the second measurement. No change in se-orosomucoid concentration was observed during hemodialysis. We therefore conclude that orosomucoid cannot be used as an acute phase reactant among uremic patients in chronic hemodialysis neither is it very likely that the hyperlipidemia and accelerated atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients are due to lack of orosomucoid.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Home peritoneal dialysis (two year's experience).

Twenty patients on home peritoneal dialysis were studied during two years. The patients dialysed 4--5 times a week, using an average of 78 l dialysis fluid. The dialysis equipment used was either a simplified delivery system or a fully automatic dialysis machine. Despite clinical improvement, serum urea and serum creatinine levels were the same after 12 months of therapy as before. The patients' weight and serum albumin levels remained constant. Only 1 patient developed hyperparathyroidism, otherwise serum calcium levels ranged from normal to subnormal. Fifteen patients did not require blood transfusions. Twenty episodes of peritonitis occurred, an incidence of 0.58%. All patients carried out dialysis themselves without assistance. Three were working full-time, and 5 were able to look after their homes. The rest were able to take care of themselves. Four patients died from causes unrelated to peritoneal dialysis. In selected patients this mode of treatment provides an acceptable alternative to haemodialysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Periactin (cyproheptadine hydrochloride) as a supplement to the immunosuppressive treatment in human cadaver kidney transplantation.

The effect of Periactin on the rejection course was examined in 36 kidney allograft recipients. Half of the patients were given 32 mg of Periactin daily as a supplement to the immunosuppressive treatment consisting of prednisone and azathioprine. The other half was given only the latter two medicaments. Rejection crises were treated with intravenous infusion with methylprednisolone. No beneficial effect of the Periactin treatment was demonstrable. Graft survival and kidney functions thus did not differ between the two groups within the first 90 days after the transplantation. The frequency of rejection, on the other hand, was significantly higher in the group treated with Periactin, especially within the first postoperative week. Periactin, apparently, does not offer any advantage as a supplement to the immunosuppressive treatment in human kidney transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Urinary tract infection and wound infection in kidney transplant patients.

The frequency of urinary tract and wound infections was studied in 53 patients most of whom had received kidneys from donors without heart action. Urinary infection was demonstrated soon after the transplantation in 46 out of 47 with functioning kidneys. Recurrent infections took place during the first 3 months and still half of the patients were infected or under treatment 6 months after the operation. The urinary infection seems mainly to arise via indwelling catheters. Wound infections were demonstrated in 18 out of the 53 patients and in addition abscess formation took place in 9 of these. In the majority of the infected wounds previous infected drains were demonstrated. In all, 36 of the patients had infected drains, the use of which therefore is to be avoided.

Abscess↗