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Biomedical subjects

F Bosch

Publications and source records attributed to F Bosch.

172 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Hormonal effects on the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase in rat hepatocytes.

The effects of epinephrine and vasopressin on the phosphorylation state of glycogen synthase were studied using rat hepatocytes incubated with 32P. After the incubation with hormones, 32P-labeled glycogen synthase was isolated using antibodies against rat liver enzyme. The immunoprecipitate showed a single radioactive band ( Mapp 88 kDa) when subjected to SDS-gel electrophoresis. Both epinephrine and vasopressin inactivated the enzyme and increased the 32P content of glycogen synthase. Cleavage of the immunoprecipitate with CNBr yielded two major 32P-labeled fragments of Mapp approximately 27 and 12 kDa. Both hormones increased the 32P content of both fragments. These results prove that epinephrine and vasopressin increase the phosphate content of the enzyme promoting its phosphorylation at multiple sites.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Different effects of glucagon and epinephrine on the kinetic properties of liver glycogen synthase.

Kinetic constants of glycogen synthase (M0.5 for glucose-6-P and S0.5 for UDP-glucose) were determined after hepatocytes isolated from starved rats were incubated with either glucagon or epinephrine. Incubation with these hormones resulted in an increase in both S0.5 and M0.5. However, the action of glucagon resulted in great modifications on S0.5 whereas epinephrine affected mainly M0.5. Therefore, glucagon and epinephrine alter the kinetic properties of glycogen synthase provoke the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase at different site(s) acting through different mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mitoxantrone and intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside for poor-risk acute leukemias: response to treatment and factors influencing outcome.

Mitoxantrone (MIT, 12 mg/m2, i.v. 5 days) and intermediate-dose cytosine arabinoside (IDAC 1 g/m2/12 h, i.v. 3 days) was given to 43 patients with poor-risk acute leukemias (AL). Moderate or severe toxicity was infrequent. The proportion of complete remissions (CR) in the main patient categories was as follows: 15/18 (85 per cent) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the first relapse, 2/6 in ALL in the first relapse, 0/2 in AML in relapse after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), 2/7 in AML refractory to first-line treatment (REF-AL), and 1/6 in postmyelodysplastic (PMD-AL) plus secondary AL (S-AL). The mortality rate during induction was 23 per cent. Median duration of CR was 24 weeks. The multivariate prognostic factor analysis on CR obtention showed that data concerning treatment for the first relapse and platelet count higher than the median of the series were favourable. On the contrary, PMD-AL, S-AL and REF-AL were unfavourable situations. A percentage of marrow erythroblasts superior to the median was a favourable prognostic factor for survival. Finally, the duration of CR after MIT-IDAC was directly related to the duration of previous CR. In conclusion, MIT-IDAC was highly effective to attain CR in AML in the first relapse. However, due to the poor long-term results in these patients, additional measures are recommended after CR.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drug-induced priapism. Its aetiology, incidence and treatment.

Priapism is characterised by a persistent erection that cannot be relieved by sexual intercourse or masturbation. Although priapism subsides spontaneously in a few days, impotence frequently follows. Both vascular and neural mechanisms are implicated in the pathophysiology of priapism, but it is not clear which initiates the process. Idiopathic cases of priapism are the most frequent (near 50%); other medical conditions that can result in priapism are haematological diseases (mainly sickle cell anaemia and leukaemia), traumatism, and neoplastic processes. Drug-induced priapism comprises about 30% of cases. The drugs most frequently implicated are psychotropic drugs (phenothiazines and trazodone), antihypertensives (mainly prazosin) and heparin. Recently, the intracavernosal injection of vasoactive drugs (papaverine and phentolamine) has been described in patients treated for impotence. With the exception of heparin, an alpha-adrenergic blocking mechanism has been suggested in the priapism-inducing action of these drugs. A significant number of anecdotal case reports link priapism and drugs, and it is possible that certain cases of idiopathic priapism could be reclassified if accurate pharmacological anamnesis were to be performed. Priapism must be considered a urological emergency. Surgical procedures are the most preferred treatment for this condition but, in selected cases, drug treatment seems to be an alternative approach.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Back pain in the general population of Catalonia (Spain). Prevalence, characteristics and therapeutic behavior].

BACKGROUND: Back pain is a common symptom of health assistance in Western countries. The goal of the present survey was to establish the prevalence of back pain in the general population in Catalonia, as well as to establish its characteristics, its relationship to sociodemographic variables, the therapeutic behavior followed by those affected and the associated-impairment and disabilities for the sufferers. METHODS: The survey was a descriptive study including a sample of 1,964 people, obtained from the census (1991) and representative of the population older than 18 years. The study was done in 1994 and data were obtained by means of a telephone interview. The prevalence of pain in the last six months was determined. Among those suffering back pain, additional information was obtained concerning its characteristics, the relationship with socio-demographic variables, the therapeutic behaviors used by patients, and the personal, social and work impairment and disabilities. RESULTS: Back pain was highly prevalent (50.9%), appeared in all ages (mean age of 47.6 years), was the highest in women (60.7%), in manual workers (54.9%) and in those less educated (71.1%). Back pain was long lasting (69.2% more than 3 years), frequent (49.7% more than the half of the days), and highly painful (severe-unbearable in 51.4%). The therapeutic behaviors most commonly used were the visit to the physician (71.9%), the use of alternative medical treatments (24.7%), physical therapy (22.7%, physical exercises and electrotherapy) and self-medication (14.6%, being acetylsalicylic acid the most employed). In general, the duration and degree of improvement was variable. Back pain limited the daily activities (36.7%) and forced to bed rest (22.7%). It was also a significant reason for time off work (17%) and disability pension (6.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Back pain has a very high prevalence in the Catalonian population and is an important reason to seek medical attention. It greatly limits the daily personal and professional activities.

Absenteeism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of extracellular calcium on the actions of guanidine at the rat neuromuscular junction.

Guanidine has been shown to potentiate neurotransmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction. The present study was undertaken to evaluate whether reductions in extracellular calcium affect the action of guanidine on the reversal of neuromuscular blockade induced by dibekacin and d-tubocurarine in the rat phrenic-hemidiaphragm preparation. Guanidine reversed the blocking effect of d-tubocurarine, the maximal effect occurring with 3 mM at 15 min. This reversal effect of guanidine was potentiated when the extracellular calcium concentration was reduced from 2.5 mM to 1 mM and 0.3 mM. Guanidine was also effective in reversing the neuromuscular depression caused by dibekacin. In this case, it was more potent than in the d-tubocurarine-treated preparations. The maximal effect was observed with 3 mM after 15 min of exposure. When the extracellular calcium concentration was reduced from 2.5 mM to 1 mM, a potentiation of guanidine effects was observed. In this situation, the maximal effect of guanidine was observed with only 0.7 mM. However, further reductions of extracellular calcium (0.3 mM) did not show further increases. The present results show that guanidine reverses the blockade induced by dibekacin and d-tubocurarine, being more potent against the former drug. This suggests that guanidine may be useful in relieving the blockade due to a restriction of calcium entry. Its effects were potentiated when the extracellular calcium concentration was lowered to 1 mM and, in d-tubocurarine-treated muscles, to 0.3 mM. Thus, the effects of guanidine are calcium-dependent but only in a certain concentration range.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of pregnancy on the consumption of tobacco and alcohol].

OBJECTIVES: To determine if the knowledge of pregnancy modifies smoking and drinking habits and if some socio-demographic variables exert any influence in these changes. DESIGN: Descriptive observational study with a sectional design (prevalence study). SETTING: Obstetric service of a Spanish general hospital, and also three private centres in the same area. PARTICIPANTS: 271 women (mean age of 29 years) under 14 weeks of gestation (mean of 9 weeks) who attended to their first gynaecology visit and accepted to participate in the study. INTERVENTIONS: By means of direct interview to women, investigators filled a questionnaire with demographic characteristics, obstetric data, smoking and drinking habits and changes in these habits as a response to their pregnancy were also recorded. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Almost eighty percent of them planned their pregnancy, and 14.8% were using some contraceptive method when they became pregnant. Before learning of their pregnancy most of the women smoked cigarettes (53.5%), and a low proportion consumed alcohol at meals (20.3%) or between meals (10.7%). After knowledge of their pregnancy, 46.9% of smokers, 56.4% of drinkers during meals, and 86.2% of drinkers between meals, stopped these habits. Those women who smoked fewer cigarettes showed a higher capacity to stop consumption. It was also observed that those who gave up drinking at meals were those who drank less alcohol and who had no university degree. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence of smoking among fertile women was observed, although an important proportion of them stopped this consumption after learning about their pregnancy. This change was less frequent among the heavy smokers. Consequently, the establishment of specific programs for encouraging abstinence of alcohol and cigarette consumption in several population groups as described, could be recommended.

Adult↗