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Biomedical subjects

F Boudghene

Publications and source records attributed to F Boudghene.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Evaluation of renal arteries with use of gadoterate meglumine-, CO(2)-, and iodixanol-enhanced DSA measurements versus histomorphometry in renal artery restenosis in rabbits.

PURPOSE: To experimentally evaluate gadolinium (Gd)-, carbon dioxide (CO(2))-, and iodixanol-enhanced digital subtraction angiography (DSA) versus histomorphometry in the assessment of renal artery stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen male New Zealand White rabbits weighing 4.0 kg underwent percutaneous catheterization. Renal artery stenosis was induced by bilateral overdilation-deendothelialization (balloon diameter = 2 mm). The percentage of artery overdilation was 33%. After 4 weeks, the rabbits were randomized into two groups: group A underwent right-sided therapeutic percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) (balloon diameter = 1.5 mm). After another 4 weeks, the renal arteries were evaluated by gadoterate-, iodixanol-, and CO(2)-enhanced selective quantitative DSA. The rabbits were then killed and renal arteries were perfusion-fixed for 60 minutes. Serial orcein-stained 4-um-thick slices were prepared for histomorphometry. RESULTS: Based on morphometric data of single-stenosis versus post-PTRA restenosis lesions, no significant difference was observed between Gd- and iodixanol-enhanced quantitative DSA (r(2) > 0.95), although the iodine/Gd density ratio was equal to 3.5. Carbon dioxide less reliably allowed quantitative DSA (r(2) < 0.75). CONCLUSION: Gd-based contrast agents represent a highly reliable alternative in experimental quantitative DSA evaluation of renal artery restenosis.

Angiography, Digital Subtraction↗
PubMed2001

[Investigation of peripheral vascular bed in critical lower limb ischemia: comparative study between arteriography and magnetic resonance angiography].

OBJECTIVES: To determine the precise role of arteriography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) to evaluate the peripheral vascular bed in critical ischemia of the lower limbs in candidates for distal vascularization. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifteen patients (mean age 66 +/- 18 years) underwent MRA and arteriography. In all, 23 lower limbs were studied by non-selective arteriography with aortic injection (n=12) or selective arteriography with iliofemoral injection (n=11). RESULTS: The strength of agreement between MRA and selective arteriography was good (k=0.75) for analysis of leg arteries. MRA was better than non-selective arteriography (p<0.035) to evaluate artery patency. In our study, only MRA improved the treatment decision. CONCLUSION: In patients requiring an assessment of the peripheral vascular bed before distal revascularization, contrast-enhanced MRA can be the first exam. In case of an inadequate MRA, only selective arteriography needs to be performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

A new model of endovascularly induced renal artery stenosis in normocholesterolemic versus hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors determine the feasibility of creating renal artery stenosis by overdilatation and deendothelialization and compare the model in normocholesterolemic versus hypercholesterolemic rabbits. METHODS: Thirty male New Zealand White rabbits were randomized into two groups: group A (n = 15) was fed a normal diet and group B (n = 15) was fed a cholesterol-rich diet 4 weeks before stenosis induction. An aortogram was performed, then the right renal artery was overdilated with an angioplasty balloon-catheter, and deendothelialized. After 6 weeks, groups A and B were compared by angiographic and pathologic study. RESULTS: Comparison of group A versus group B showed that 12 arteries (80%) versus 6 (40%) were angiographically stenotic (P < 0.05); 14 (93%) versus 12 (80%) contained neointima (NS), 12 (80%) versus 3 (20%) showed medial disorganization (P < 0.01), and 9 (60%) versus 2 (13%) presented adventitial fibrosis (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A new model of endovascularly induced renal artery stenosis has been developed in rabbits. Medial proliferation and adventitial fibrosis are more frequent in normocholesterolemic rabbits.

Angiography↗
PubMed1998

[Use of Gadolinium as a contrast agent in the course of renal arterial angioplasty].

For a 72-year-old patient with chronic renal failure, and a renal artery stenosis, we used gadolinium as a contrast agent to perform a digital subtraction arteriography and subsequent arterial angioplasty. Ten ml of gadolinium were used for the arteriography, and during a second procedure 40 ml for the angioplasty, giving high quality images. Renal function remained stable after the procedure, while blood pressure was easier to control.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma with a combination of human recombinant alpha-2b interferon and doxorubicin: results of a pilot study.

Based on the in vitro and in vivo potentiation of the cytotoxic activity of chemotherapeutic agents by the interferons, a pilot study combining human recombinant alpha-2b interferon (IFN) and doxorubicin was conducted for the treatment of unresectable, histologically proven hepatocellular carcinoma. Between March 1988 and May 1990, 21 patients (median age: 60 years, range: 29-76) entered the study. The dose of doxorubicin was fixed at 35 mg/m2, every 3 weeks. The dose of alpha-2b IFN was 6 million U/m2 per day, 5 days a week. 3 patients (14%) obtained a partial response lasting 11, 16 and 30 months, and 1 had a stable disease during 8 months. The other 17 patients died within a median survival time of 4 months. All patients experienced flu-like symptoms. 7 patients experienced WHO grade III-IV haematological toxicity. We conclude that the association of alpha-2b IFN and doxorubicin is feasible, with respect to the use of doxorubicin at an inferior dose level than the same agent used without IFN. The response rate is comparable to that observed with doxorubicin used alone. Further phase I studies and randomised trials are required to confirm the role of this regimen in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Detection of c-Ki-ras mutation by PCR/RFLP analysis and diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinomas.

BACKGROUND: The c-Ki-ras oncogene (also known as KRAS2) is activated by point mutations involving codon 12 in 72%-100% of primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas, but the gene is not activated in nonneoplastic tissues. Therefore, the detection of c-Ki-ras mutations can facilitate the diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinomas, which are not always identified with current tests. Detection is usually performed by oligonucleotide hybridization combined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), RNAse mismatch cleavage assay, or non-isotopic mismatched PCR, methods that are not feasible for routine screening of large numbers of samples because they are time consuming and/or expensive. PURPOSE: Our purpose was to evaluate a rapid, non-radioactive method of detection of a mutation in codon 12 of the c-Ki-ras gene in pancreatic tumor samples obtained by fine-needle aspiration for diagnostic screening. METHODS: Twenty consecutive patients (15 with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, one with pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma, one with endocrine islet cell tumor, and three with chronic pancreatitis) were selected for this study. A sample of pancreatic tissue from each patient with a tumor or pancreatitis was obtained and evaluated by fine-needle aspiration biopsy under computerized tomography scan or ultrasound guidance using a two-needle coaxial technique. Pancreatic DNA from each of these samples was evaluated by PCR amplification and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis with nucleotide substitution in PCR primers, creating BstNI restriction patterns that distinguished mutated from normal alleles. The accuracy of the PCR/RFLP assay was validated with DNA from SW480 and HT29 colonic carcinoma cell lines with known mutated and wild-type c-Ki-ras gene sequences. Sensitivity was tested with a series of titration experiments. RESULTS: PCR/RFLP analysis can detect a mutation present in 1% of cells. No amplification could be performed in four (20%) samples because of the absence of cells in the aspirated sample. In the 16 samples adequate for PCR/RFLP analysis, a c-Ki-ras gene mutation was detected in 11 (92%) of 12 adenocarcinomas. Overall, diagnosis was obtained by pathologic (cytomorphologic) examination alone in 13 samples (81%). The presence of malignant cells and/or mutated c-Ki-ras gene was detected in 12 of 12 adenocarcinomas but not in chronic pancreatitis or islet cell tumor. CONCLUSION: Screening of pancreatic tissue samples obtained by fine-needle aspiration for c-Ki-ras mutation using PCR/RFLP analysis combined with pathologic examination could facilitate diagnosis of pancreatic tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Sonography in AIDS-related cholangitis: prevalence and cause of an echogenic nodule in the distal end of the common bile duct.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and cause of an echogenic nodule in the distal end of the common bile duct seen on sonograms in patients who have AIDS-related cholangitis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sonograms of the liver and bile ducts were obtained in 15 patients who had AIDS-related cholangitis. Both 3.75- and 5-MHz transducers were used in all patients. The appearance of an echogenic nodule in the distal end of the common bile duct was compared with the results of endoscopic retrograde cholangiograms in 12 patients and with biopsies of the papilla of Vater in the first five cases. RESULTS: Sonograms showed a hyperechoic nodule in the distal end of the common bile duct in 10 of the 15 cases. Visualization was improved after oral administration of water. The finding correlated with edema of the papilla of Vater noted on retrograde cholangiograms in eight cases. Biopsy of the papilla of Vater in five cases showed an inflammatory infiltrate. The nodule became smaller in one patient when cholestasis improved after treatment for cryptosporidiosis. CONCLUSION: An echogenic nodule was detected in the distal end of the common bile duct on sonograms in two thirds of patients who had AIDS-related cholangitis. Our findings suggest the abnormality is caused by edema of the papilla of Vater.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of metastatic liver and adrenal involvement in the pre-therapeutic staging of non-small cell bronchial cancer].

The evaluation of infra-diaphragmatic extension to the liver and the adrenal of non oat-cells bronchogenic carcinoma, is indicated to select the patients which may be operated. Thin slices (5 mm) on the adrenals have to be performed on the initial thoracic computed tomography, as ultrasonography (US) and MRI are less accurate. The exploration of the liver by US used as first imaging modality, may induce some false negative results, with useless surgery, and may be replaced by a CT of adrenal and liver. MRI doesn't seem actually without adapted contrast agents, significatively more efficient than CT, to detect metastases of the liver or adrenals.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Prolonged partial remission of a hepatocellular carcinoma treated with adriamycin and recombinant human alpha-2 interferon].

Adriamycin is one of the chemotherapeutic agent often administered in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. On monotherapy, the reported rate response is between 0 to 15 p. cent, without improvement on survival. Its combination with other cytotoxic molecules, such as interferon, has been suggested to improve the percentage of response rates. We present the case of a 73 years old man, who underwent a prolonged partial response of a hepatocellular carcinoma with adriamycin and recombinant human interferon alpha-2.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Desmoid tumors of the mesentery in Gardner's syndrome. Value of x-ray computed tomography].

3 cases of desmoid tumours of the mesentery occurring as part of Gardner's syndrome are reported. In 2 cases, CAT scanning was carried out. We underline the value of this examination compared to other imaging methods. It allows the establishment of a diagnosis, investigation for complications, the operability to be assessed and is useful for monitoring patients. Its major value is in avoiding an unnecessary laparotomy, a factor certain to produce recurrence, in certain patients. Other alternative therapy may then be proposed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR-Guided PTA in experimental bilateral rabbit renal artery stenosis and MR angiography follow-up versus histomorphometry.

PURPOSE: To assess in vivo 1) MR-guided percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) in experimental bilateral rabbit renal artery stenosis (RAS); 2) postprocedural follow-up by gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography versus histomorphometry. METHODS: Fifteen male NZW rabbits of mean weight 4.0 kg (range 3.5-4.2 kg) underwent bilateral RAS induction by combined overdilation-deendothelialization with a gadolinium-filled balloon, passively MR-guided by the artifact of a 0.014-inch guidewire. After 4 weeks the rabbits were randomized into two groups: group A (n = 8) underwent right-sided PTRA for treatment of RAS, group B (n = 7) underwent left-sided PTRA. After another 4 weeks the rabbits were killed to assess by histomorphometry recurrent stenosis and contralateral induction injury stenosis lesions. Each step was preceded by gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography, and the cortex-to-aorta (C/A) signal intensity ratio was calculated. RESULTS: RAS induction was successful in all cases. Fourteen arteries developed restenosis and 13 only initial stenosis. MR-guided PTRAs were feasible in 22 arteries (73%). For a successful catheterization of the ostium (20 arteries, 66% success rate), 10-25 steps were required. Five to eight steps were required for balloon localization and inflation for each PTRA. The restenosis effect was reflected by a 16% (12%-27%) decrease in C/A values on MR angiograms (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: MR guidance and MR angiography represent a feasible, less invasive alternative for performing and assessing experimental PTRA in RAS.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗