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Biomedical subjects

F Bru

Publications and source records attributed to F Bru.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Two cases of imported gnathostomiasis in Spanish women.

Reported here are two new cases of imported cutaneous gnathostomiasis that occurred in two Spanish women. The first patient acquired the helminth infection while travelling in Southeast Asia and the second in Mexico. Although the highest prevalence of gnathostomiasis infection is in Southeast Asia, the disease is now an emerging public health problem in some countries of Latin America. The cases reported here demonstrate the increasing frequency with which human gnathostomiasis is being diagnosed in nonendemic countries as a result of more extensive international travel and migration.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Evaluation of mixtures of wild-type HIV-1 and HIV-1 with resistance point mutations against reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

The presence of resistance-related mutations in 185 serial proviral DNA samples from 108 HIV-infected patients was monitored using the line probe assay (LiPA). The proportions of wild-type and mutant virus in each sample were determined. Subsequent samples from the same patient were analysed. Resistance mutations were detected in 58 of 108 patients studied (53.7%), 53 of 73 (72.6%) treated with antivirals and 5 of 35 (14.2%) untreated. The mutations were against zidovudine (51), lamivudine (1), zidovudine and lamivudine (4), zidovudine and zalcitabine (1) and zidovudine and didanosine (1). Among the 58 patients with resistant virus, 168 related mutations were observed: 161 to zidovudine (90 in codon 70, 25 in codon 41 and 46 in codon 215), 5 to lamivudine (codon 184), 1 to zalcitabine (codon 69) and 1 to didanosine (codon 74). Mixtures of wild-type and resistant mutants were detected in 76 of 90 (84.4%) mutated at codon 70, 28 of 46 (60.8%) mutated at codon 215 and in 21 of 25 (84%) mutated at codon 41. The mutations at codon 184 were mixtures of wild-type and resistant in 4 of 5 samples. The agreement between LiPA and sequencing was 96.5%. LiPA was more sensitive for the detection of mutants that were present at low frequency. The analysis of sequential samples from the same patient allowed evaluation of the dynamics of appearance of the resistant mutants.

Anti-HIV Agents↗
PubMed1996

[Rapid and slow progression of the infection by the type 1 human immunodeficiency virus in a population of seropositive subjects in Madrid].

BACKGROUND: The rate of progression to AIDS in HIV-1 infected subjects is variable, and circumstances associated with more rapid or slow development of severe immunodeficiency might be grouped in three categories; environmental cofactors, host features, and particular virulence of the virus itself. Currently, it is not yet clear the the relative impact of each one. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done in a cohort of 1,783 IV-1 infected persons from three centers located in Madrid, mainly devoted to attend persons at risks for HIV infection. Long-term nonprogressors (LTNP) were defined as those with more than 8 years of confirmed HIV seropositivity, and CD4+ T-cell count above 500 x 10(6)/I in the absence of antiretroviral therapy or symptoms suggesting immunodeficiency. Rapid progressors (RP) were those with less than 5 years from seroconversion and repeatedly current CD4+ T-cell count below 200 x 10(6)/I. An analysis of different epidemiological, immunological and virological features was performed comparing LTNP and RP. RESULTS: Among 1,783 HIV (+) subjects studied, 100 (5.6%) fulfilled criteria for LTNP and 12 (0.7%) for RP. Among LTNP, stabilized CD4 slope was seen in 16 (33%) out of 48 after more than 8 years of infection. Variables statistically associated with LTNP were: past history of intravenous drug addiction (80% of them), male gender (79% of them), high alcohol intake (48% of them), HIV-1 non-syncitium inducing viral phenotype, and very low or undetectable HIV-1 plasma viremia. In contrast, variables associated with RP were: infection by sexual contact (75% of cases), female gender (50% of them), syncitium-inducing viral plenotype, and high titers of plasma viremia. The CD4/CD8 ratio below 1 was seen in all RP and in 88% of LTNP. However, a preferent depletion of CD4+ cell occurred in the first group, instead of an enhancement of the CD8 T-cell count in LTNP. The prevalence of serological markers for hepatotropic viruses and other potential infectious cofactors was not higher in RP. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple factors seems to account for the different rate of disease progression observed in HIV-1 infected persons. The dynamic equilibrium between the immune system and the virulence of the virus seem to be influenced--but not determined--by environmental infectious or non infectious cofactors.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1995

Compliance with immunization against hepatitis B. A pragmatic study in sexually transmitted disease clinics.

The efficacy of a vaccine is based primarily on the adherence of the subject to the immunization schedule. This paper compares the compliance rates (CR) for the third dose of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine given according to one of two vaccination schedules among subjects attending two sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics, and the potential influence of place of vaccine administration (STD clinic or at a vaccination centre). Heterosexual, anti-HBc seronegative subjects (n = 331) were randomized to a 0-1-6 month (n = 161) or a 0-1-2-12 month schedule (n = 170) in this prospective, randomized, parallel pragmatic study. Some subjects (n = 50) attended and were vaccinated at one STD clinic (centre A), whereas 281 attended another clinic (centre B) but were referred to a vaccination centre for administration of vaccine. About 31% (103/331) of the subjects received at least three vaccine doses. On assessing the CR at the 3rd dose in all randomized subjects, we observed that administration of the vaccine at the STD clinic attended (A) was associated with a significantly better CR (p < 0.01) than that of the subjects referred to a vaccination centre (B), while the CR is not affected by the schedule. On the other hand, the 0-1-2-12 schedule was associated with a significantly better CR (p = 0.02) at the 3rd dose than the 0-1-6 month schedule among subjects who comply with the first two doses; the actual site of vaccine administration (in situ (A) versus referred (B)) does not affect the CR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗