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Biomedical subjects

F C Tanyel

Publications and source records attributed to F C Tanyel.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Subsequent biological effects of chemical sympathectomy in rats undergoing unilateral testicular torsion.

The effects of chemical sympathectomy on contralateral testicular histology, fertility and fecundity following unilateral testicular torsion were evaluated in rats. Four groups, placebo plus sham operation, 6-OH-dopamine plus sham operation, placebo plus torsion, and 6-OH-dopamine plus torsion, were established. When the placebo plus sham operation and placebo plus torsion groups were compared, it was found that contralateral testicular damage following unilateral testicular torsion occurred with significantly decreased values for mean seminiferous tubular diameter (MSTD), mean testicular biopsy score (MTBS) and fertility. The relatively normal values for MSTD, MTBS and fertility in the 6-OH-dopamine plus sham operation and 6-OH-dopamine plus torsion groups indicate the preventive role of chemical sympathectomy on contralateral testicular damage. Since chemical sympathectomy prevents contralateral histologic deterioration and preserves fertility in unilateral testicular torsion, the decreased blood flow in the reflex-activating sympathetic system may play a role in contralateral testicular damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Acute abdomen due to gastric volvulus: diagnostic value of a single plain radiograph.

A 2(1)/2-year-old child was admitted to hospital with acute abdominal pain and vomiting. A single large air-fluid level without additional bowel gas was seen on plain abdominal radiography. At laparotomy organoaxial volvulus of the stomach was found and partial gastric resection performed. A single bubble appearance may indicate gastric volvulus.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1994

Is ipsilateral testis mandatory for contralateral testicular deterioration encountered following spermatic cord torsion?

Although deteriorating effects of unilateral spermatic cord torsion are generally accepted, the mechanism remains controversial. An experimental study was performed to evaluate the necessity of testicular and spermatogenetic material for contralateral testicular deterioration following unilateral spermatic cord torsion in rats. The animals were allocated to four groups: control, spermatic cord torsion, subepididymal orchiectomy, and spermatic cord torsion 14 days after subepididymal orchiectomy. The testes were removed on the 14th days and mean seminiferous tubular diameters and mean testicular biopsy scores were determined. Although contralateral testicular deterioration was more pronounced in the presence of testicular tissue, the absence of testicular tissue and/or spermatogenetic material did not prevent its occurrence. This is highly suggestive that autoimmune mechanism does not play a role in contralateral testicular damage following unilateral spermatic cord torsion.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

In utero defecation of the nondistressed fetus: a roentgen study in the goat.

An experimental study was performed to investigate gastrointestinal motility and meconium passage, with simultaneous blood gas measurements, in the fetuses of eight pregnant goats at 110 to 114 days' gestation (full term, 147 to 155 days). With the goats under halothane anesthesia, a nasogastric tube and a heparinized central venous catheter were inserted into the fetuses. 24 hours after surgery, 10 mL of gastric juice from the fetus was replaced with a nonhydrosoluble contrast medium, and serial roentgenograms and blood samples (for pH, PO2, and PCO2 measurement) were taken every 4 hours. All fetuses began to pass the contrast medium into the amniotic cavity within 16 to 22 hours, and central venous blood gas values were normal. The results of this study suggest that the fetus, which urinates routinely, also defecates routinely into the amniotic cavity, even in the absence of distress. The increased incidence of meconium staining in fetal distress conditions may be indicative of impaired clearance of amniotic fluid.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Ipsilateral and contralateral testicular biochemical acute changes after unilateral testicular torsion and detorsion.

OBJECTIVES: An experimental study has been conducted to investigate testicular blood flow alterations through acute biochemical changes during unilateral testicular torsion and detorsion. METHODS: One hundred twenty male albino rats were divided into 12 groups, each containing 10 rats. One group served to determine basal values of biochemical parameters, 4 groups were subjected to varying periods of unilateral testicular torsion (3, 6, 12, and 24 hours, respectively), 3 groups were subjected to detorsion following varying periods of torsion (6, 12, and 24 hours, respectively), and 4 groups underwent sham operations as controls. Levels of lactic acid, hypoxanthine, and lipid peroxidation products were determined in testicular tissues. RESULTS: Values of these 3 parameters obtained from sham operation control groups did not differ significantly from basal values (p > 0.05). All 3 parameters were increased significantly in both ipsilateral torted and contralateral nontorted testes after unilateral testicular torsion when compared with basal values (p < 0.05). Detorsion did not cause significant changes in levels of lipid peroxidation products in both ipsilateral torted and contralateral nontorted testes when compared with values obtained after torsion (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Ipsilateral testicular torsion causes a decrease not only in the ipsilateral torted but also in the contralateral nontorted testicular perfusion. The clues of reperfusion injury do not become evident following detorsion of testicular torsion lasting more than 6 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The effect of intrauterine vascular compromise on further development of corpus spongiosum and urethra.

An in-utero experimental study was performed to evaluate the effects of intrauterine vascular compromise on further development of corpus spongiosum and male urethra. Thirty time-mated pregnant New Zealand white rabbits on their twenty-third day of gestation were used. Deterioration of the blood supply of the corpus spongiosum and urethra was attempted by electrocauterizing the perineum adjacent to the root of the phallus without damaging the corpus spongiosum and urethra, under the operating microscope. A bipolar cautery was carried out using a specially designed forceps having 100 microns interspaced fixed tips. Five experimental and seven control live male litters were delivered at term by Cesarean sections. Their anogenital regions were examined histopathologically. While the corpus spongiosum extended as long as the corpus cavernosum to the tip of phallus in control litters, the corpus spongiosum ended under the skin in one of the experimental group and in the other four was shorter than the corpus cavernosum. In the latter group, no histopathological evidence of tissue destruction which might be related to electrocauterization, was found. Similar to the pathogenesis encountered in intestinal atresia, a vascular insult which might occur even after the completion of organogenesis, may affect the fate of the corpus spongiosum and urethra. Localized ischemia resulting from local vascular insults may explain, at least in theory, the pathogenesis of some congenital anomalies of corpus spongiosum and urethra such as hypospadias.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The preventive role of chemical sympathectomy on contralateral testicular hypoxic parameters encountered during unilateral testicular torsion.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of chemical sympathectomy on lactic acid and hypoxanthine concentrations in both testes during unilateral testicular torsion in a rat experimental model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four groups, comprising 10 rats each, were studied. Group I was the control group, Group II rats received a placebo and underwent unilateral testicular torsion, Groups III and IV received guanethidine monosulphate and 6-OH-dopamine hydrobromide respectively, and underwent unilateral testicular torsion. The levels of lactic acid and hypoxanthine in both testes were measured. RESULTS: In rats in Group II the levels of lactic acid and hypoxanthine in both testes were significantly elevated when compared to the control group. In the groups of rats that had undergone chemical sympathectomy, the levels of lactic acid and hypoxanthine were significantly decreased in the contralateral testes compared to rats in Groups I and II. CONCLUSION: Chemical sympathectomy prevents the elevation of lactic acid and hypoxanthine levels in the contralateral testis of rats with unilateral testicular torsion. Therefore, we conclude that contralateral testicular damage during unilateral testicular torsion may result through a reflex activating sympathetic system.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Superior vesical fissure: an exstrophy variant or a distinct clinical entity.

A case of superior vesical fissure is presented to discuss the embryologic origin of the anomaly. In view of the simplicity of the anomaly and the discrepancies between the characteristics of superior vesical fissure and bladder exstrophy, superior vesical fissure is suggested to be a distinct clinical entity with an embryological origin different from bladder exstrophy.

Bladder Exstrophy↗
PubMed1994

Fetal survival after in utero experimentation in the rabbit.

Fifty time-mated pregnant rabbits were used to evaluate the factors influencing fetal survival rate (FSR) after in utero experimentation. Only one of the following variables--number of manipulated fetuses per rabbit, gestational age during experimental procedure, method of hysterotomy, and amount of amniotic fluid loss--was respectively modified in the five consecutive groups. Each group consisted of 10 rabbits and identical procedures were performed in each group. The FSR among groups was compared. Although comparison of FSR between two succeeding groups did not reveal a significant difference, comparison of the FSR of the latter two groups with the former two groups revealed a significant difference. While the most substantial improvement in FSR was achieved by modification of the hysterotomy method, all of the factors, cumulatively if not individually, established a significant difference.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1993

Complications of typhoid fever requiring laparotomy during childhood.

All the complications requiring laparotomy among 680 children who were diagnosed as having typhoid fever between 1981 and 1990, at Hacettepe University Children's Hospital, were retrospectively analyzed. Four patients developed intestinal perforation, two gastrointestinal bleeding, and two splenic abscess, with frequencies of 0.58%, 0.29%, and 0.29%, respectively. The overall frequency was 1.17%. While the risk was 1.58% among males, it was 0.42% among females with no statistically significant difference (P > .05). The risk was higher among patients above 6 years of age (P < .05). While perforation and hemorrhagic complications developed within 10 days of initial symptoms and splenic abscess required 10 and 30 days for development, there were no clinical signs and laboratory findings predicting the occurrence of complications in the course of typhoid fever. Two patients, one with intestinal perforation and the other with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, died within 2 days following the septic postoperative courses. On the other hand, 12 patients, among those without complications requiring laparotomy, died of unremitting septic course of the disease. The mortality rate rose from 1.78% to 25% when complications occurred. The findings in this series demonstrate that typhoid fever presents a challenge to the pediatric surgeons not only because of the complications requiring laparotomy with high mortality rates, but also the absence of criteria predicting the occurrence of complications in the course of typhoid fever.

Abscess↗
PubMed1993

The long-term results of diaphragmatic plication.

Twelve patients who had undergone diaphragmatic plication with the diagnosis of congenital diaphragmatic eventration between 1975 to 1989 were evaluated for the long-term results of plication. Assessment of the long-term functions of the plicated diaphragms 1.5 to 11 years postoperatively was achieved by fluoroscopic, ultrasonographic, and spirometric studies. The absence of paradoxical motion with normal localization of the diaphragms in all patients, and satisfactory motions of diaphragms in 9 patients were documented by fluoroscopy. Measurements of diaphragmatic thicknesses showed that plicated diaphragms of all patients maintained their growths in proportion to the contralateral sides. Additionally, normal values of pulmonary function tests in five of six patients of suitable age for spirometry were obtained. All the clinical studies demonstrated that diaphragmatic plication did not interfere with further development of diaphragms, and late functional results of the plication were acceptable. This supports the choice of surgery in the treatment of diaphragmatic eventration.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

The place of ultrasonographic examination in the initial evaluation of children sustaining blunt abdominal trauma.

Physical examination is stated to be inaccurate in detecting organ injury after blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) in children and the use of diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) and computed tomography (CT) are suggested. However, assessments for the need of such diagnostic aids are quite subjective. The records of 109 patients initially evaluated by ultrasonography (US) for BAT were reviewed to determine whether an easily performed, quick method such as US could be used for selection. US showed free intraperitoneal fluid (FIF) in 30 patients (27.5%) and retroperitoneal injury in 5 patients (4.5%). Of the 30 patients with FIF, 23 patients (76.7%) were treated conservatively but 7 (23.3%) required laparotomy. The correlation between the amount of FIF and the requirement for operative treatment was statistically significant (P < .01). Of the 74 patients (68%) without FIF, clinical outcome was uneventful in 72 (97.3%) while 2 patients (2.7%) required laparotomy for peritonitis and ileal perforations were encountered. The present study has showed that US is inaccurate in detecting solid intraabdominal injuries; however, it is reliable in detecting FIF produced as a result of intraabdominal organ injuries and retroperitoneal organ injuries. We suggest the use of US as the objective initial evaluation method of choice on a routine basis.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1992

Ipsilateral and contralateral testicular blood flows during unilateral testicular torsion by 133Xe clearance technique.

Testicular blood flows during unilateral testicular torsion were measured by Xenon-133 clearance technique. Xenon-133 was injected via the left carotid artery into the heart. Measurements were performed in control and left-sided testicular torsion groups, each consisting of ten rats. Left and right testicular blood flows, which were 29.157 +/- 2.272 ml/100 g/min and 29.773 +/- 2.934 ml/100 g/min in the controls, were 11.983 +/- 3.655 ml/100 g/min and 16.098 +/- 3.757 ml/100 g/min in the experimental group and differed significantly. The decrease in contralateral testicular blood flow may play an important role in the contralateral testicular damage encountered following unilateral testicular torsion.

Animals↗