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Biomedical subjects

F C Wheeler

Publications and source records attributed to F C Wheeler.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Are race differences in the prevalence of hypertension explained by body mass and fat distribution? A survey in a biracial population.

Body mass and body fat distribution are important considerations in the study of hypertension. However, few studies have investigated the relationships with regards to race differences in elevated arterial pressure. A population-based sample of black and white adults was assessed by interview and physical measurement. The prevalence of hypertension (defined as 140/90 mmHg and/or medically treated) was disproportionately higher among blacks than whites. In addition, blacks had a higher prevalence of the more severe hypertension (160/95 mmHg) and hypertension with higher prevalence at earlier ages than whites. Black females had a significantly higher distribution of body mass index (BMI) than white females, while no difference was found in the distributions of males. White males had a higher distribution of waist to hip ratio (WHR) than black males, while black females had the higher values compared to white females. The prevalence of hypertension increased with BMI and WHR. Blacks maintained higher rates of hypertension after controlling for BMI and WHR, however, the margin of difference diminished when BMI and WHR was considered together. The black-white difference in hypertension was not completely explained by BMI and WHR. In addition, the strength of the association of hypertension and body size was different for blacks and whites which suggests possible differences in the mechanisms regulating blood pressure.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

State-Aid Cancer Clinics: treatment and follow-up services for indigent patients.

State-Aid Cancer Clinics in South Carolina provide outpatient services for medically indigent patients who have a diagnosed cancer or a suspicious Pap smear and who are referred by a physician. The program pays only for outpatient services provided in one of the nine cancer clinic hospitals. Professional services, transportation and inpatient services are not covered. Although program funds are limited, the State-Aid Cancer Clinics served 3,767 patients in FV 1989; 1,104 of these were new patients and 2,663 were for continuing care. The program's operation is dependent upon the interest and support of the medical profession, particularly those physicians who give of their time and talent without pay to treat the medically indigent patients served in the clinics. This truly is a unique partnership in which the public and private sectors share a common goal of reducing unnecessary mortality and morbidity associated with cancer in South Carolina.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1990

The need for accurate nutrition survey methodology: the South Carolina experience.

Assessment of two nutrition-related risk factors, obesity and fat intake, was completed on a representative sample of South Carolina adults. Obesity estimates determined from self-reported heights and weights were less than prevalences determined from direct measurements (white males 21.4% vs. 28.2%; white females 20.8% vs. 24.5%; black males 29.2% vs. 30.1%; black females 43.6% vs. 50.6%; and total 24.9 vs. 29.8%). Nine fat-intake habits were identified from dietary mannerisms involving the consumption of red meat, fat on meat, fried fish/chicken, butter, eggs, whole milk, bacon/sausage, and cheese and the use of solid fats when cooking vegetables. The mean number of the nine habits exhibited was four. The total number of habits did not correlate well with serum cholesterol, as 27% of the individuals with none of the nine fat intake habits had blood cholesterol values greater than 6.2 mmol/L (239 mg/100 mL), while only 17% of the individuals with seven habits had the high level of cholesterol. These nine habits explained less than 10% of the variability of serum cholesterol values.

Black People↗
PubMed1985

Sodium in drinking water in South Carolina.

The potential contribution of drinking water sodium to total consumption and to blood pressure levels is explored in a South Carolina survey. Most (96 per cent) of the population was served by drinking water containing less than 100 mg/l Na (median 14.8 mg/l). For households with water sources containing greater than or equal to 100 mg/l Na, drinking water accounted for approximately 8.5 per cent of total estimated consumption. After adjustment for age, sex, race, body mass index, education, and dietary sodium, a negative association between diastolic blood pressure and drinking water sodium levels was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Double-length, circular, single-stranded DNA from filamentous phage.

Wild-type and gene 3 mutant filamentous phage stocks, containing different relative amounts of multiple-length particles, were treated exhaustively with DNase and then were highly purified. The phage DNA was extracted and examined by electron microscopy. In all cases, about 0.03% of the molecules were circular dimers. (3)H-labeled phage DNA was separated as to size by sedimentation in a preformed CsCl density gradient. Individual fractions were then examined in the electron microscope, and the percentage of linear and circular monomer and dimer DNAs was determined. A peak of double-length, circular molecules (with the expected sedimentation constant of 38S) was found ahead of the 24S monomer peak. The double-length molecules had been purified 65-fold. As previously found for single-stranded DNA, the contour length of these molecules was strongly dependent upon ionic strength. Possible artifacts were ruled out, and it was shown that the double-length molecules arose from phage particles.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diabetes and pregnancy in South Carolina: prevalence, perinatal mortality, and neonatal morbidity in 1978.

Through retrospective analysis of vital records and hospital discharge data, this study examines the prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy and diabetes-related perinatal mortality and neonatal morbidity in South Carolina in 1978. Diabetes was observed in 5.9/1000 deliveries. Diabetic natality rates for whites and nonwhites were 5.1/1000 and 6.9/1000, respectively. In comparison with comprehensive screening programs, these rates suggest that more than half of all diabetic pregnancies in South Carolina are unrecognized. The overall diabetic perinatal mortality rate was 102 deaths/1000 deliveries, in contrast to the nondiabetic perinatal mortality rate of 25 deaths/1000 deliveries. The risk of perinatal mortality is greater for nonwhites (153 deaths/1000 deliveries) and for women on insulin (182 deaths/1000 deliveries). One-fourth of the pregnancies among nonwhite women on insulin resulted in fetal or neonatal death. Observed neonatal morbidity was high, with respiratory distress syndrome, hypoglycemia, infections, and congenital anomalies the most frequent complications reported. Documentation of assessment for other common neonatal complications was limited.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comprehension assessment of diabetes education program participants.

Diabetes education program participants were assessed to determine their reading and comprehension skill levels, and written and oral instructions were evaluated to determine the reading level of information presented in the education program. A significant mismatch was found between the reading and comprehension levels of program participants and the level of oral instruction and printed materials. More than half of the program participants could not fully comprehend educational materials at 5th-grade level, while nearly all written materials and oral instructions were presented at the 9th-grade level or above.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of a county hospital emergency room by diabetic patients.

The use of a county hospital emergency room (ER) by diabetic patients was investigated by comparing ER visits for diabetes to a sample to total ER visits over a period of 1 yr. The major problems of ER use by diabetic patients were an excessive number of visits for diabetes complications, a high rate of hospital admissions from the ER, and the high cost of ER use. Approximately 20% of visits for diabetic patients were attributed to preventable complications of diabetes. The rate of hospital admissions from the ER was over four times greater for the diabetic patients than for the random sample. The median cost of an ER visit was nearly three times higher for diabetic patients than for the random sample. These problems may be best resolved through improved access to primary care and educational services that can assist the person with diabetes in self-management and prevention of the acute complications of the disease.

Adolescent↗