PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Castelli

Publications and source records attributed to F Castelli.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Correlation between monoamino oxidase inhibitor activity of some thiazol-2-ylhydrazines and their interaction with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes.

A calorimetric investigation has been carried out on the influence exerted by some 1-(alkoxybenzoyl)-2-(4-substituted thiazolyl-2-yl)hydrazines, possessing monoamine oxidase inhibitory (MAOI) activity, on the thermotropic behavior of model membranes constituted by dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) vesicles. Attention was paid to evaluate how structural variations of drugs may influence drug-lipid interaction. The examined drugs were found to modify the gel to liquid-crystal phase transition of DPPC liposomes, by causing a shift of the transition temperature (Tm) toward lower values and a negligible variation in the enthalpy changes (delta H). The different effects on DPPC thermotropic behavior of these MAOI drugs could be considered in terms of different substituents on the molecule's backbone. The calorimetric results were related to drug's MAO inhibitory activity measured by fluorescence techniques and the apparent distribution coefficient of the compounds in water/n-octanol. A hypothesis on a correlation between a drug's structure, inhibitory activity, and membrane interaction has been suggested.

1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine↗
PubMed1994

Short report: verruga peruana in an Italian traveler from Peru.

We report a case of cutaneous bartonellosis in a 24-year-old Italian woman. Soon after returning from a seven-month stay in a central area of Peru at an altitude of 3,130 meters, she developed high fever, headache, and muscle and joint pain that resolved after antibiotic therapy. Two months later, she presented with disseminated, painless, firm, purple, subcutaneous nodules on the neck, shoulders, legs, left eyelid, and hard palate, some of which developed into vegetating lesions. The diagnosis of bartonellosis was made on the basis of the clinical picture, the patient's medical history, the incubation period, the confirmatory histopathologic findings, and the response to treatment with chloramphenicol (500 mg four times a day for 14 days).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Short report: imported mosquito: an uninvited guest.

Recently, the trend in the number of people traveling from the tropics to malaria-free areas has tremendously increased and this is paralleled by the number of imported malaria cases. Imported infected mosquitoes transmitting the infection to persons living or working nearby international airports have been reported. The possibility that mosquitoes may also reach areas far away from the landing area in the baggage of international travelers is indicated by two cases that are reported here. Malaria should be investigated in any case of unexplained fever even if no apparent risk factor for imported malaria is present, regardless of the distance from international airports.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Primary embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the breast. Description of a case].

Authors report a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the breast occurring in a 16-year-old girl. To date, 26 cases have been described in the literature of which only 4 in girls younger than 16 years. Histological features, immunohistochemical findings and differential diagnosis are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

MAOI activity of thiosemicarbazides and related 2-thiazolylhydrazines.

The preparation is described of hydrazides I, thiosemicarbazides II, III, IV and hydrazinothiazoles VIII, which can be considered as "precursors" or "open models" for the synthesized benzoyl-, benzilidene- and benzyl-hydrazinothiazoles V, VI and VII, analogous to 4-methyl and 4-phenyl substituted derivatives A, B and C, described and tested for their MAOI activity in a previous paper. Biochemical assay on the new prepared compounds allowed us to better clarify the structure-activity relationship also of compounds A, B and C of the precedent note. Moreover, on a group of derivatives, which showed a higher activity, a further test was performed to observe the possible correlation between MAOI activity and both their lipophilicity and ability in interacting with liposome bilayers, taken as a model of cell membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Cutaneous melanoma at the Turin Melanoma Center. Correlations of anamnestic data, histopathologic aspects and clinical picture in 306 stage-I patients (1990-1991)].

The correlation between anamnestic data, histological and clinical features in 306 stage I patients, studied at the Melanoma Centre in Turin during the period 1990-1991, have been analyzed. The somatic features, the distribution by sex and age, clinical findings, histological type, the Clark assessment and Breslow's thickness are reported. In a short interview, patients were asked about when the lesion and its modifications appeared. The patients have shown a low level of information about the risk of malignant melanoma. The answers prove totally unreliable and the comparison between anamnesis and histological picture has not helped to explain the natural history of melanoma. Both men and women with more formal education have been at greater risk for malignant melanoma than those with less education. The authors underline the importance of the public education campaign on early detection of this tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Transmission of HIV-associated tuberculosis to healthcare workers.

OBJECTIVE: A retrospective investigation was made to compare the occupational risk of tuberculosis in personnel assisting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and uninfected subjects with active tuberculosis. DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed 6 years of hospital activity in 3 units where HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis are hospitalized and in 2 units where non-HIV-infected tuberculosis patients are hospitalized. The risk of occupational tuberculosis in healthcare workers who assisted HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis was investigated. PARTICIPANTS: The risk of occupational tuberculosis in healthcare workers was studied by considering the numbers of potential source cases (hospitalized patients with tuberculosis) in the two conditions investigated (HIV-positive and HIV-negative). Both potential source cases and cases of tuberculosis in healthcare workers had to be microbiologically proven in order to be considered. RESULTS: Seven cases of tuberculosis occurred in persons who cared for 85 HIV-infected subjects with tuberculosis, while only 2 cases occurred in staff members who took care of 1,079 HIV-negative tuberculosis patients over the same period (relative risk = 44.4; 95% confidence interval = 8.5-438). CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculosis seems no longer to be a neglectable risk in healthcare workers assisting patients with HIV infection. Further study is urgently needed to see whether such unexpectedly high dissemination of tuberculosis also is demonstrable in the community.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed1992

[Drug sensitivity study of Plasmodium falciparum in the city of Yaounde (Cameroon)].

In July 1990, the in vitro chemosensitivity of 22 isolates of Plasmodium falciparum was assessed by an isotopic semi-microtest in Yaounde, Cameroon. Out of them, 54.5% were resistant to chloroquine, 28.6% to amodiaquine, 4.8% to quinine and 4.5% had a decrease of sensitivity to mefloquine. A strong positive correlation between the IC50 of the antimalarial drugs compared by pairs was detected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Occlusion of the carotid artery as presenting symptom of acute promyelocytic leukemia.

In a 44-year-old female acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) presented with abrupt onset of right hemiplegia and aphasia due to occlusion of the left carotid artery at bifurcatio. There was laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Thrombotic complications are unusual in APL, even in cases with evidence of DIC. This report aims at underlying the important implication of a correct timely diagnosis in young patients presenting with stroke.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of lithiasis of the common bile duct: our experience].

On the basis of their personal experience of biliary pathology, the authors present their opinion of surgical treatment of benign diseases of the common bile duct. From 1980 to 1988 a total of 930 patients were assessed, 140 of whom were affected by choledocholithiasis. Data confirmed that, with the exception of choledochotomy as a direct approach for removing stones, good results were achieved using papillosphincterotomy, since this technique best restores the physiology of the biliary tract. In cases where common duct dilation exceeded 20 mm or where the patient was in poor clinical condition, bile was drained into the gut forming a side-to-side choledochoduodenostomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Epidemiology of digestive tract mycoses in immunocompromised patients--a review.

Systemic fungal infections are diseases of increasing incidence in immunocompromised patients. They are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with severe granulocytopenia caused by hematological malignancies or high-dose corticosteroid treatments. Systemic candidiasis is usually attributed to colonization of the patient's digestive mucosa or central venous/peritoneal catheters by endogenous Candida spp. Esophageal candidiasis can be a serious problem in predisposed individuals, and it can be the first opportunistic infection suggesting overt AIDS in HIV-seropositive patients. The aim of this review is to assess the epidemiology of alimentary tract mycoses in "at risk" groups because of iatrogenous or pathological reasons, such as in-patients undergoing solid organ and bone marrow transplantation, peritoneal dialysis and enteral/parenteral nutrition and in HIV infected patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae endocarditis.

A case of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae endocarditis involving the aortic and mitral valves in a 70-year-old male farmer is reported. The onset of infection was insidious, with a five-month history of low grade fever, malaise and a 20 kg weight loss. The patient eventually developed severe heart failure requiring surgery and died postoperatively of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. In vitro studies showed the isolate to be highly susceptible to penicillin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin, and resistant to vancomycin.

Aged↗