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Biomedical subjects

F Cattaneo

Publications and source records attributed to F Cattaneo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Precision of glomerular filtration estimation by height/creatinine ratio in the child].

Formulae for estimating glomerular filtration rate with the use of body size, circulating creatinine, and an empirically derived constant are widely used. The aim of the present study was to determine whether these formulae enable accurate prediction of glomerular filtration measured from the labeled ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in 843 pediatric patients. Bland-Altman analysis was performed on the measured glomerular filtration rate and that estimated using the constant developed in our laboratory. Age and sex of the 843 patients failed to consistently influence the empirically derived constant. Measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate were on the average identical. However, the 95% limits of agreement of the measured glomerular filtration rate with that estimated were wide (measured over estimated glomerular filtration from 0.53 to 2.04). Use of height to creatinine formulae to estimate glomerular filtration is therefore frequently insufficiently accurate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Autologous blood transfusion: results with routine use of autologous blood transfusion, normovolemic hemodilution and postoperative retransfusion of drainage blood salvaged with the Solcotrans system].

BACKGROUND: Although the medical advantages of autologous blood transfusion are undisputed today, it has been established only in a few hospitals. At our hospital we have employed infusion of previously stored autologous blood and normovolemic hemodilution routinely in all patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery since June 1, 1986. QUESTION: In this study the efficacy of additionally infusing salvaged drainage blood postoperatively in reducing the need for homologous blood transfusion was examined. METHOD: From June 1, 1990 through December 30, 1993 the effectiveness of autotransfusion techniques with the additional use of postoperative infusion of salvaged blood was studied in 318 patients. RESULTS: Preexisting anemia with hemoglobin value of less than 11 g/dl proved to be the only contra-indication for autologous blood transfusions and was found in 8 (2.5%) of our patients. These patients were not eligible for the autologous blood program. The 310 remaining patients were all given their previously stored autologous blood with hemodilution. In addition, 261 of these patients (84%) were also given salvaged drainage blood postoperatively using the solcotrans system or solcotrans-plus-orthopedic system. Of the total 310 patients, 218 (70.3%) did well without homologous blood. This was also true for 206 (78.9%) of the patients treated with all 3 autotransfusion procedures. No complications implicating the autotransfusion techniques were encountered. In addition, the method described and as employed in our hospital led to a cost reduction of about 40% compared to homologous transfusions. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The efficiency of autologous blood transfusions and hemodilution in reducing the need for homologous blood at our hospital, as previously described, could be increased by 22% using the solcotrans system. The advanced age of our patients (average 73 years) and the number of preexisting, in part considerable, medical problems permit the conclusion that these autotransfusion techniques are quite well tolerated. The contraindications could be reduced to a few exceptions. The logistics necessary to carry out these procedures are simple and can be achieved with a bit of will and effort in all hospitals including those of middle and small size.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Differences in purine metabolism in patients with Down's syndrome.

Three enzymes intervening in de novo purine synthesis, as well as cystathionine B-synthetase, have been mapped to chromosome 21. In order to gain a better understanding of purine synthesis anomalies in Down's syndrome, the present authors studied the variations in mitotic index of lymphocyte cultures to which various inhibitors or metabolites of purine synthesis had been added. In spite of common gene dosage effects, unexpected and highly significant differences were noted between Down's syndrome patients without complications and those presenting with additional psychotic features. In Down's syndrome patients without complications, a highly significant decrease in mitotic index was noted in the presence of exogenous inosine. A significant decrease in the presence of adenosine and guanosine was also noted. These findings are in keeping with the expected metabolic repercussions of genes mapped to chromosome 21. In Down's syndrome patients with psychotic complications, the in vitro reactions were quite different. A paradoxal increase in mitotic index was noted in the presence of inosine and of adenosine, but the response to guanosine did not differ from that observed in normal controls. These findings were unexpected and seem to indicate that, in spite of the gene dosage effect, psychotic Down's syndrome patients are unable to compensate abnormal purine synthesis and resulting imbalances. Furthermore, a marked difference in purine metabolic reactions was noted between Down's syndrome patients receiving supplemental folic/folinic acid and those on no therapy. This suggests that some modulation of the gene dosage effect may be possible.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1992

[Amino acids and trisomy 21].

The relative concentrations of plasmatic and urinary amino acids were analysed in 79 trisomic-21 patients, 322 mentally retarded non-trisomic patients, and 206 controls. No true amino acidopathy was found in 21-trisomy, but in plasma a deficit of serine and an excess of cysteine and lysine are highly significant. Excesses of cysteine, methionine, tyrosine, and methyl-histidine are also typical in urine. The increased activity of superoxide-dismutase, cystathionine-beta-synthase, and purine synthesis enzymes, together with the sensitivity to methotrexate, atropine, and dysthyroidism, are in accordance with this shift of equilibrium. A nutritional compensation seems worth investigating.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1991

Metabolic anomalies in cri du chat syndrome (5p-) lymphocytes and de novo purine synthesis.

Having previously demonstrated that patients with cri du chat, 5p- syndrome, have a highly significant excess of the plasmatic and urinary relative amount of asparagine and aspartate, the authors tested the hypothesis according to which this excess could be in relation with a defect of purine metabolism. Using a previously reported in vitro assay, they found a paradoxal increase in the mitotic index in the presence of L-alanosine in lymphocyte cultures of patients with 5p- who were on no medication. They also observed particularly severe toxicity to HAT medium. This response, apparently characteristic for 5p- syndrome, was highly significant when compared to the one observed in samples of normal controls, of patients with mental retardation of various etiologies, patients with Down syndrome or with Xqfra syndrome. When patients with cri du chat syndrome received inosine with folinic acid, an inversion of their response to alanosine was observed as well as the normalization of their response to HAT medium. These findings suggest that deletion of 5p14-5p15 leads to some impairment of de novo purine synthesis, the implications of these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗