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Biomedical subjects

F Chiarini

Publications and source records attributed to F Chiarini.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Adhesive properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infections.

A research was carried out on the adhesive properties of 104 uropathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa. On the basis of the adhesiveness to various types of cell it was possible to identify the most frequent adhesive patterns. Moreover, the ability of some carbohydrates to inhibit the adhesiveness of P. aeruginosa and the effect of some enzymes on the agglutinability of human erythrocytes by non-hemagglutinating bacterial strains was studied.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1987

In vitro inhibition of Trichomonas vaginalis growth by some ortho-phenacyloxy-benzyl alcohols and their derivatives.

Some phenacyl ethers of different ortho-hydroxy-benzyl alcohols and analogues have been synthesized and tested for the in vitro activity towards Trichomonas vaginalis. The most active compounds had a minimum inhibitory concentration of 6.25 micrograms/ml and appeared to be of a certain interest as representative of a new type of anti-Trichomonas substances not containing a nitro group.

Acetophenones↗
PubMed1985

E. coli adherence to CER cells infected by vesicular stomatitis virus.

Research was carried out on the adherence of a mannose-resistant uropathogenic E. coli strain to CER cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). A decrease in the bacterial adhesion was noticed during the early phases of viral infection, probably due to a close relationship between cell receptors for VSV and E. coli, both containing glycolipids and phospholipids. In a later phase of viral infection, on the contrary, corresponding to the appearance on the cell surface of newly synthesized viral antigens, bacterial adherence was enhanced. This last observation suggested a possible predisposition of the host to bacterial colonization during renal viral infection.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1984

Activity of some antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from cancerous patients.

150 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, isolated from pathological samples (urine, faeces, sputum, etc.) of affections developed in cancerous patients have been studied. In vitro, with two different inocula, activities of some cephalosporins--ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefoperazone--have been compared with those of gentamicin, carbenicillin and tobramycin. Ceftazidime, among the antibiotics tested, has been the most active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

A study on the erythrocyte structures involved in the interaction with mannose-resistant E. coli adhesins.

Research has been carried out on the role of different chemical groups present on human group A erythrocyte membranes and involved in the interaction with mannose-resistant (MR) adhesins of a uropathogenic E. coli strain. For this purpose several enzymes specifically acting on protein, lipid and carbohydrate components have been used to modify the erythrocyte surface structures and the effect produced by these treatments on the agglutinability of red blood cells by E. coli has been studied. Moreover different biological compounds have been tested as possible competitive inhibitors for erythrocyte receptors involved in MR agglutination by E. coli.

Adhesins, Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1983

The cerebrum of Dugesia gonocephala s.1. Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria, Tricladida. Morphological and functional observations.

Investigation of the cerebrum of Dugesia gonocephala s.1. using modern techniques has shown that the neurons of these animals situated at the bottom of the phylogenetic scale are basically the same as those of Vertebrates from the ultrastructural and molecular standpoints (tetanus toxin binding). There is no evidence of any biochemical glio-neuronal relationship, nor do the so-called supporting cells appear similar to the glial cells of the higher Vertebrates from this point of view.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[The coagulase test. I].

A syntetic review of data about the free coagulase and the clumping factor has been made. The importance of the test, the different methods, the possible reasons of mistake are discussed.

Agglutinins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro effect of natural and semi-synthetic carbohydrate polymers on Chlamydia trachomatis infection.

The effect of different natural and semi-synthetic polysaccharides on Chlamydia trachomatis multiplication in Hela 229 cells was evaluated. Some neutral, negatively and positively charged carbohydrates were able, in a dose-dependent fashion, to inhibit chlamydial infection by interfering mainly with the adsorption process. The inhibiting compounds, whose effect was shown within the concentration range of 8-200 micrograms/ml, were in order of action: dextran sulphate > glyloid sulphate 4327 > glycogen sulphate 4427 > arabic gum = glyloid > chitosan > glycogen. Data obtained suggested that antichlamydial activity was not only related to the electric charge of these molecules but could also be attributed to other features of their polymeric backbone. Since carbohydrate polymers have also been shown to inhibit the early stages of infection by viral agents causing sexually transmitted diseases, the employment of these molecules for prevention or treatment of mixed viral-C. trachomatis infections can be hypothesized.

Chitin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Urothelial bladder carcinoma and viral infections: different association with human polyomaviruses and papillomaviruses.

Bladder cancer is the second most commonly occurring genitourinary cancer in adults. The interaction of different carcinogenic and cocarcinogenic agents are responsible for bladder urothelial carcinoma: alcohol and smoking habits, Schistosoma haematobium infection, exposition to chemicals, analgesic and antineoplastic drugs prolonged use. Recently also viral infections have been associated to this pathology. In this study the correlation between viral infections and bladder carcinoma has been evaluated. A group of 32 patients affected by primary bladder neoplasia has been analysed. A control group of 20 autoptic samples of healthy bladder was analysed. The DNA of the following viruses has been searched by polymerase chain reaction (PCR): Adenovirus, Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), Human Papillomaviruses (HPV), Polyomaviruses (BKV and JCV). In the examined population the association bladder carcinoma-HPV, found by others, has not been confirmed. The high percentage of human polyomaviruses present in the samples is a statistically significant data (p=0.0087) and allows to presume that BKV and JCV may play a role in the aetiology of bladder tumor. In particular the polyomavirus BK, which is found in significative percentage both in single infection (p=0.0036) and in co-infections with other viral species (p=0.035), may be an important co-factor in the pathogenesis of bladder carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interstitial cystitis and infectious agents.

Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a syndrome consisting of severe refractory bladder symptoms of unknown etiology. The disease tends to affect Caucasian women with a mean age of 40 years, with 25% of patients under the age of 30. Few population based epidemiological studies of IC have been performed. We analyzed a case of interstitial cystitis in a 42-year-old non-smoker woman. In two biopsy samples the presence of viral DNA of human polyomavirus BK (BKV), human herpes virus type 1 and type 2 (HHV- 1 and HHV-2), adenovirus, human papillomavirus (HPV) and bacterial DNA (Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium) were evaluated by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Both samples resulted positive only for BKV and HPV DNA. HPV genotyping revealed the presence of HPV-66 that is associated with a high risk of cancer development. Thus the finding of a viral co-infection could support the hypothesis of the multi-factorial origin of this pathology.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Listeria monocytogenes in a young patient with non Hodgkins lymphoma: case report.

Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular food-borne pathogen, widely distributed in the environment, which rarely causes clinical infection in healthy people, but may cause severe disease in immunocompromised patients. A case of listeriosis is certified in an immunocompromised patient, thus confirming this microorganism to be an opportunistic human pathogen.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Encrusted cystitis in an immunocompromised patient: possible coinfection by Corynebacterium urealyticum and E. coli.

Encrusted cystitis is a severe chronic inflammatory disease of the bladder characterized by excessively alkaline urine and calcifications within the bladder wall. A case of a 60 year-old man affected by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which developed encrusted cystitis due to Corynebacterium urealyticum with E. coli co-infection, shows that the treatment of encrusted cystitis with a endoscopic debulking of the encrusted stones and an antimicrobial therapy specific for C. urealyticum often is not sufficient for the complete resolution of symptoms.

Corynebacterium↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adhesiveness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to rabbit vesical mucosa effect of glycosidases on cellular binding.

The adhesiveness of a mucous strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to rabbit bladder mucosa has been investigated after pretreatment of the vesical mucosa with different glycosidases. Using a simple apparatus the study was carried out in parallel on samples of untreated and pre-treated mucosa. The results obtained showed that the cleavage of terminal sugar by addition of neuraminidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, alpha-mannosidase, alpha-L-fucosidase and beta-galactosidase produced a decrease in the number of adhered bacteria. A more drastic enzymatic action due to the combined effect of neuraminidase + alpha-L-fucosidase and neuraminidase + beta-galactosidase produced, on the other hand, an increased adhesion of bacteria, probably due to an unmasking of new receptor sites.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of sub-bacteriostatic doses of aztreonam on the adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

The effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of Aztreonam towards the adhesiveness of an uropathogenic strain of P. aeruginosa was tested. The filamentous forms, morphologically altered by the action of the antibiotic, were not capable of adhering to human uroepithelial cells. This phenomenon was due to an alteration of bacterial structures responsible for the adhesion and was not related to a steric hindrance caused by the antibiotic on either the bacterial structures or the cell receptors.

Aztreonam↗