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Biomedical subjects

F Chiodi

Publications and source records attributed to F Chiodi.

79 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Viral IgM antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis and controls.

Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 28 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), 14 with other neurological diseases (OND) and 31 control subjects with tension headache were analysed for presence of IgM antibodies against measles, mumps and varicellae zoster by a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This technique excluded false positive reaction due to possible presence of rheumatoid factor. Twelve of the 28 patients with MS had IgM antibodies in serum and 4 in CSF, the latter always being accompanied by presence of corresponding IgM antibodies in serum. Six patients had mumps specific IgM, 5 had measles specific IgM and 3 varicellae specific IgM. In 2 patients, viral IgM antibodies were demonstrated in serum against 2 different viruses. Among the 14 OND patients, one with Wilson's disease had demonstrable serum IgM varicellae antibodies and one with radicultis had elevated serum and CSF measles and varicellae IgM antibodies. Among 31 controls, 2 had IgM antibodies in serum, one against varicellae and one against mumps. No correlations were found between viral IgM antibodies and CSF IgM index, serum IgM levels or blood-brain barrier state. Our data show that MS may be accompanied by a systemic IgM response against the 3 viruses tested, occasionally against 2 of the 3 different viruses simultaneously. The occurrence in MS of virus-specific IgM may be a reflection of viral reactivation and/or polyclonal B cell activation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Infection of brain-derived cells with the human immunodeficiency virus.

A malignant glioma cell line was infected with the human T-lymphotropic virus type IIIB isolate of the human immunodeficiency virus. Infection appeared to be latent rather than productive. Through contact with monocytic or lymphoid cells, the virus present in the glioma cells could be transmitted and gave rise to a fully productive infection.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1986

Measles IgM antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Using a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we examined serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from six patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and control subjects for presence of measles-virus-specific IgM antibodies. All samples from the SSPE patients contained demonstrable titers of measles antibodies. The levels of measles IgM antibodies were higher in CSF diluted 1:5 than in serum diluted 1:50, reflecting a local production of IgM antibodies in the central nervous system. Antibody titers remained constant over the course of SSPE in three of the patients followed for three to six months. The IgM ELISA had high sensitivity as well as specificity and was not complicated by false-positive reactions owing to the presence of rheumatoid factor.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1981

[Variations in blood serotonin during antiepileptic therapy].

5-OH-tryptamine blood levels, at 8 and 12 a.m., were determined in a 32 epileptics sample, receiving anticonvulsant therapy. As compared to normal controls, 5-HT blood levels in epileptics significatively decreased in the second measurement probably in consequence of anticonvulsant drugs. Moreover 5-HT blood levels decreased more outstandingly in those patients who were treated with more than one anticonvulsant drug. To explain results, two hypotheses are proposed: an inhibiting effect of anticonvulsant drugs on 5-HT catabolizing enzymes, or an increased tryptophan in C.N.S./tryptophan in the blood ratio, induced by therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improved tissue culture technique for production of poorly replicating human immunodeficiency virus strains.

We present an improved culture technique for propagation of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains that grow slowly, yield low reverse transcriptase activity and can be transmitted poorly, if at all, to cell lines. By using the Jurkat-tatIII cell line 29 (of 30) of these slow/low HIV strains, including one West African strain, could be shown to replicate over a period of several weeks.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Discrimination between antibodies to HIV and to related retroviruses using site-directed serology.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) strains can be separated into two types: HIV and HIV-related West African viruses. Site-directed serology using synthetic peptides offers possibilities for the determination of type-specific antibodies. A 22-amino-acid peptide with the sequence Ala-Ile-Glu-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Glu-Asp-Gln-Ala-Gln-Leu-Asn-Ala-Trp-Cys-Ala-Phe-Arg-Gln - Val-Cys representing a conserved region of the transmembranous protein of simian T-cell lymphotropic virus-type III (STLV-III; related to West African HIV) was used as antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In parallel, tests were performed with a pair of previously described peptides, including the homologous region of the glycoprotein (gp) 41 of the HIV strain HTLV-IIIB. In tests with three groups of 20 sera it was shown that the different peptide ELISAs allowed a categorical distinction of antibodies to the two types of HIV. Tests using peptide antigens may provide excellent opportunities for large-scale testing for type-specific antibodies against HIV. The tests are simple, sensitive and specific and are readily standardized.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗