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Biomedical subjects

F Clément

Publications and source records attributed to F Clément.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
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Fraction of proliferating cells in granulosa during terminal follicular development in high and low prolific sheep breeds.

During terminal development of antral follicles, granulosa cells progressively lose their proliferative activity. Romanov (ovulation rate = 3) and Ile-de-France (ovulation rate = 1) breeds of sheep were compared for fractions of proliferating granulosa cells, determined by in vitro continuous [3H] thymidine labelling. In both breeds, the fraction of proliferating cells decreased with increasing follicular size according to a sigmoid-shaped curve. After linearization, the slope of the regression line was higher (in absolute value) in Romanov, compared to Ile-de-France ewes (p = 0.02). In vivo FSH treatment led to a decrease in the slope of the regression line in Romanov ewes only (p = 0.03). These results suggest that during terminal follicular development (1) the rate of cell cycle exit is higher in granulosa cells of Romanov, compared to lie-de-France follicles, and (2) Romanov granulosa cells are more responsive to exogenous FSH in term of proliferation. These mechanisms may underlie differential dynamics of follicular development in poly- and mono-ovulating breeds of sheep.

Animals↗
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Quantitative and qualitative assessment of milk production after pharmaceutical induction of lactation in the mare.

The induction of lactation is performed in ruminants by steroidogenic impregnation, followed by drugs intended to increase prolactin secretion. The aim of this study was to induce lactation in barren mares and to evaluate milk production. Five treated and 5 control mares were used in June and September in year 1, and 12 mares were used in year 2. Mares were administered a vaginal pessary (500 mg altrenogest and 50 mg estradiol benzoate) for 1 week. The 2nd week, another sponge with 100 mg estradiol benzoate was administered, together with 50 mg/100 kg body weight (BW) sulpiride in oil (IM q12h). All mares were milked by hand. Drug treatment was stopped after I L was obtained. Milk production and composition and plasma prolactin concentration were measured. In year 2, the same steroid treatment was applied, but mares received sulpiride (n = 6) or domperidone (1.1 mg/kg PO q12h) (n = 6). A milking machine and oxytocin injections 1 minute before the start of milking were used. In year 1, all treated mares started milking within 1-5 days after sulpiride treatment. Mean daily milk production was 0.88 +/- 0.52 L/500 kg BW. Milk immunoglobulin G (IgG) contents increased in all mares (IgG concentration range, 14-92 g/L). Plasma prolactin increased during sulpiride treatment (range. 27.7 +/- 2.9 to 43.7 +/- 6.7 ng/mL [before] to 289.0 +/- 7.8 ng/mL during treatment, P < .001). In year 2, results were similar to those in year 1, with peak IgG concentrations ranging from 4.2 to 106.7 g/L and a larger daily milk production (3.13 +/- 0.75 with sulpiride and 3.45 +/- 0.51 L/500 kg BW with domperidone). In conclusion, lactation can be induced in mares within 2 weeks, and some mares produce good-quality colostrum.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Taxonomy of mycobacterial strains isolated from the tissues of leprosy patients.

Thirty-six slowly growing mycobacteria isolated from the tissues of leprosy patients were studied using 40 characteristics as well as susceptibility to 27 distinct mycobacteriophages. The composition in mycolic acids of selected strains was also studied. According to the data, the strains formed 5 clusters. Some of the clusters were possibly as yet undescribed species; however, comparison of the data with the known properties of Mycobacterium leprae leads to the conclusion that none of the strains were identical to the leprosy bacillus.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
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[Distribution of lysotypes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in relation to the country of origin of the patient].

The diversity among the phage types of 422 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from patients of different geographical origins suggested that this method might prove useful in studying the propagation of tuberculosis in different types of populations. We first investigated M. tuberculosis strains isolated from France, Portugal, Romania, Algeria, Egypt, Uganda, Mali and India. We then studied in detail two groups of immigrants residing in France, from Portugal and North Africa, respectively. This investigation showed that most patients were suffering from a M. tuberculosis strain with a phage type specific of their country of origin. Factor analysis helped to display phage typing relationships with respect to the geographical origin of patients.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipidic constituents of "Mycobacterium leprae" isolated from experimentally infected armadillo (author's transl)].

Mycobacterium leprae (obtained from experimentally infected armadillo) was submitted to saponification. The liposoluble part was methylated and fractionated by chromatographic methods. Each fraction was studied by gas-liquid chromatography. Cholesterol (from the infected host) and the main fatty acids were identified. Mycolic acids were isolated, and their structures determined, using mass spectrometry. These structures are useful to make a comparison of M. leprae with some other mycobacteria. Some of these comparisons are discussed here. The absence-or, at least, the very low level-of tuberculostearate suggests comparative studies of M. leprae and M. gordonae.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paracrystalline inclusions in Mycobacterium leprae.

The occurrence of paracrystalline inclusions of Mycobacterium leprae infected with the mycobacteriophage D29 or treated with mitomycin C was reported before [5, 6]. In pursuing these studies we have now documented by electron micrography a number of paracrystals we thought sufficient to further describe these inclusions, and to show that they appeared to be formed in association with the intracellular membranous structures of the leprosy bacilli.

Animals↗